Skip to main content

Heart Rate Variability Analysis on Reference Heart Beats and Detected Heart Beats of Smartphone Seismocardiograms

  • Conference paper
  • First Online:
Book cover Information Technology in Biomedicine (ITIB 2019)

Abstract

Heart      rate variability (HRV) is the physiological variation of time between consecutive heart beats. Seismocardiography (SCG) is a non-invasive method of analyzing and recording cardiovascular vibrations transmitted to the chest wall. Mobile devices can monitor health parameters thanks to embedded sensors. In this study we compare HRV indices calculated from heart beats obtained from reference beats and tested beat detection algorithm on three SCG signals. Proposed algorithm consists of signal preprocessing, RMS envelope calculation and peak finding. Algorithm performance was compared to reference beat detector and defined as sensitivity (Se) and positive predictive value (PPV). We achieved average Se \(=0.958\) and PPV \(=0.912\), and in the best case Se \(=1.000\) and PPV \(=1.000\) for tested beat detector. HRV indices are influenced by the performance of heart beat detector. The smallest differences between HRV indices calculated from heart beats determined by different detectors were achieved for mean inter-beat interval, RMSSD, pNN50, PLF, PHF and LF/HF.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this chapter

Chapter
USD 29.95
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
eBook
USD 169.00
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as EPUB and PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
Softcover Book
USD 219.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Compact, lightweight edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info

Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout

Purchases are for personal use only

Institutional subscriptions

References

  1. Barauskiene, V., Rumbinaite, E., Karuzas, A., Martinkute, E., Puodziukynas, A.: Importance of heart rate variability in patients with atrial fibrillation. J. Cardiol. Clin. Res. 4(6), 1080 (2016)

    Google Scholar 

  2. Bosch Sensortec: BMA255, digital, triaxial accelerometer. BMA255 Datasheet

    Google Scholar 

  3. Caetano, M., Rodet, X.: Improved estimation of the amplitude envelope of time-domain signals using true envelope cepstral smoothing. In: 2011 IEEE International Conference on Acoustics, Speech and Signal Processing (ICASSP), pp. 4244–4247 (2011). https://doi.org/10.1109/ICASSP.2011.5947290

  4. Castiglioni, P., Faini, A., Parati, G., Rienzo, M.D.: Wearable seismocardiography. In: 2007 29th Annual International Conference of the IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society, pp. 3954–3957 (2007). https://doi.org/10.1109/IEMBS.2007.4353199

  5. Castiglioni, P., Meriggi, P., Rizzo, F., Vaini, E., Faini, A., Parati, G., Merati, G., Rienzo, M.D.: Cardiac sounds from a wearable device for sternal seismocardiography. In: 2011 Annual International Conference of the IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society, pp. 4283–4286 (2011). https://doi.org/10.1109/IEMBS.2011.6091063

  6. Huikuri, H., Stein, P.: Clinical application of heart rate variability after acute myocardial infarction. Frontiers Physiol. 3, 41 (2012). https://doi.org/10.3389/fphys.2012.00041, https://www.frontiersin.org/article

  7. Inan, O.T., Migeotte, P.F., Park, K.S., Etemadi, M., Tavakolian, K., Casanella, R., Zanetti, J., Tank, J., Funtova, I., Prisk, G.K., Rienzo, M.D.: Ballistocardiography and seismocardiography: a review of recent advances. IEEE J. Biomed. Health Inf. 19(4), 1414–1427 (2015). https://doi.org/10.1109/JBHI.2014.2361732

    Article  Google Scholar 

  8. Kawahara, E., Ikeda, S., Miyahara, Y., Kohno, S.: Role of autonomic nervous dysfunction in electrocardio-graphic abnormalities and cardiac injury in patients with acute subarachnoid hemorrhage. Circ. J. 67(9), 753–756 (2003). https://doi.org/10.1253/circj.67.753

    Article  Google Scholar 

  9. Komorowski, D., Pietraszek, S., Darlak, M.: Pressure and output flow estimation of pneumatically controlled ventricular assist device (vad) with the help of both acceleration and gyro sensors. In: Magjarevic, R., Nagel, J.H. (eds.) World Congress on Medical Physics and Biomedical Engineering 2006, pp. 719–722. Springer, Berlin (2007)

    Chapter  Google Scholar 

  10. Korpelainen, J., Sotaniemi, K., Tolonen, U., Myllylä, V.: Abnormal heart rate variability as a manifestation of autonomic dysfunction in hemispheric brain infarction. Stroke 27(11), 2059–2063 (1996). https://doi.org/10.1161/01.STR.27.11.2059

    Article  Google Scholar 

  11. Korpelainen, J.T., Sotaniemi, K.A., Mäkikallio, A., Huikuri, H.V., Myllylä, V.V.: Dynamic behavior of heart rate in ischemic stroke. Stroke 30(5), 1008–1013 (1999). https://doi.org/10.1161/01.STR.30.5.1008

    Article  Google Scholar 

  12. Kostka, P.S., Tkacz, E.J.: Multi-sources data analysis with sympatho-vagal balance estimation toward early bruxism episodes detection. In: 2015 37th Annual International Conference of the IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society (EMBC), pp. 6010–6013 (2015). https://doi.org/10.1109/EMBC.2015.7319761

  13. Landreani, F., Martin-Yebra, A., Casellato, C., Frigo, C., Pavan, E., Migeotte, P., Caiani, E.G.: Beat-to-beat heart rate detection by smartphone’s accelerometers: Validation with ecg. In: 2016 38th Annual International Conference of the IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society (EMBC), pp. 525–528 (2016). https://doi.org/10.1109/EMBC.2016.7590755

  14. Laurin, A., Blaber, A., Tavakolian, K.: Seismocardiograms return valid heart rate variability indices. Comput. Cardiol. 2013, 413–416 (2013)

    Google Scholar 

  15. de Luca, C.: Electromyography. American Cancer Society (2006). https://doi.org/10.1002/0471732877.emd097, https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com

  16. Montano, N., Porta, A., Cogliati, C., Costantino, G., Tobaldini, E., Casali, K.R., Iellamo, F.: Heart rate variability explored in the frequency domain: a tool to investigate the link between heart and behavior. Neurosci. Biobehav. Rev. 33(2), 71–80 (2009). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.neubiorev.2008.07.006, http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0149763408001176. (The Inevitable Link between Heart and Behavior: New Insights from Biomedical Research and Implications for Clinical Practice)

  17. Pumprla, J., Howorka, K., Groves, D., Chester, M., Nolan, J.: Functional assessment of heart rate variability: physiological basis and practical applications. Int. J. Cardiol. 84(1), 1–14 (2002). https://doi.org/10.1016/S0167-5273(02)00057-8, http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0167527302000578

  18. Ramos-Castro, J., Moreno, J., Miranda-Vidal, H., Garcìa-Gonzàlez, M.A., Fernàndez-Chimeno, M., Rodas, G., Capdevila, L.: Heart rate variability analysis using a seismocardiogram signal. In: 2012 Annual International Conference of the IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society, pp. 5642–5645 (2012). https://doi.org/10.1109/EMBC.2012.6347274

  19. Rienzo, M.D., Vaini, E., Castiglioni, P., Meriggi, P., Rizzo, F.: Beat-to-beat estimation of lvet and qs2 indices of cardiac mechanics from wearable seismocardiography in ambulant subjects. In: 2013 35th Annual International Conference of the IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society (EMBC), pp. 7017–7020 (2013). https://doi.org/10.1109/EMBC.2013.6611173

  20. Saykrs, B.: Analysis of heart rate variability. Ergonomics 16(1), 17–32 (1973). https://doi.org/10.1080/00140137308924479. (PMID: 4702060)

  21. Sieciński, S., Kostka, P.: Determining heart rate beat-to-beat from smartphone seismocardiograms: Preliminary studies. In: Gzik, M., Tkacz, E., Paszenda, Z., Piętka, E. (eds.) Innovations in Biomedical Engineering, pp. 133–140. Springer International Publishing, Cham (2018). https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-70063-2_15

  22. Tadi, M.J., Lehtonen, E., Hurnanen, T., Koskinen, J., Eriksson, J., Pänkäälä, M., Teräs, M., Koivisto, T.: A real-time approach for heart rate monitoring using a Hilbert transform in seismocardiograms. Physiol. Meas. 37(11), 1885–1909 (2016). https://doi.org/10.1088/0967-3334/37/11/1885

  23. Task Force of the European Society of Cardiology the North American Society of Pacing Electrophysiology: Heart rate variability. standards of measurement, physiological interpretation, and clinical use. Circulation 93, 1043–1065 (1996). https://doi.org/10.1161/01.CIR.93.5.1043

  24. Tkacz, E., Budzianowski, Z., Oleksy, W.: The higher-order spectra as a tool for assessing the progress in rehabilitation of patients after ischemic brain stroke. In: Rocha, Á., Guarda, T. (eds.) Proceedings of the International Conference on Information Technology & Systems (ICITS 2018), pp. 874–882. Springer International Publishing, Cham (2018). https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-73450-7_83

  25. Watanabe, N., Imai, Y., Nagai, K., Tsuji, I., Satoh, H., Sakuma, M., Sakuma, H., Kato, J., Onodera-Kikuchi, N., Yamada, M., Fumiaki Abe, F., Hisamichi, S., Abe, K.: Nocturnal blood pressure and silent cerebrovascular lesions in elderly japanese. Stroke 27(6), 1319–1327 (1996). https://doi.org/10.1161/01.STR.27.8.1319

    Article  Google Scholar 

  26. Wered Software: Sensor multitool (version 1.3.2). Google Play. https://play.google.com/store/apps/details?id=com.wered.sensorsmultitool&hl=pl

  27. Zanetti, J.M., Poliac, M.O., Crow, R.S.: Seismocardiography: waveform identification and noise analysis. In: Proceedings Computers in Cardiology, pp. 49–52 (1991). https://doi.org/10.1109/CIC.1991.169042

  28. Zanetti, J.M., Salerno, D.M.: Seismocardiography: a technique for recording precordial acceleration. In: Computer-Based Medical Systems, Proceedings of the Fourth Annual IEEE Symposium, pp. 4–9 (1991). https://doi.org/10.1109/CBMS.1991.128936

  29. Zanetti, J.M., Tavakolian, K.: Seismocardiography: Past, present and future. In: 2013 35th Annual International Conference of the IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society (EMBC), pp. 7004–7007 (2013). https://doi.org/10.1109/EMBC.2013.6611170

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

Authors

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Szymon Sieciński .

Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

Copyright information

© 2019 Springer Nature Switzerland AG

About this paper

Check for updates. Verify currency and authenticity via CrossMark

Cite this paper

Sieciński, S., Kostka, P.S., Tkacz, E.J., Piaseczna, N., Wadas, M. (2019). Heart Rate Variability Analysis on Reference Heart Beats and Detected Heart Beats of Smartphone Seismocardiograms. In: Pietka, E., Badura, P., Kawa, J., Wieclawek, W. (eds) Information Technology in Biomedicine. ITIB 2019. Advances in Intelligent Systems and Computing, vol 1011. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-23762-2_42

Download citation

Publish with us

Policies and ethics