Abstract
Synthesis for a type of Petri nets is the problem of finding, for a given transition system (TS, for short) A, a Petri net N of this type whose state graph is isomorphic to A if such a net exists. The decision version of this search problem, called
-feasibility, asks if, for a given TS A, there exists a Petri net N of type
with a state graph isomorphic to A. In this case, A is called
-feasible. A’s feasibility is equivalent to fulfilling two so-called separation properties. In fact, a transition system A is
-feasible if and only if it satisfies the type related state separation property (SSP) and event state separation property (ESSP). Both properties, SSP and ESSP, define decision problems. In this paper, we introduce for \(b\in \mathbb {N}\) the type of restricted \(\mathbb {Z}_{b+1}\)-extended b-bounded P/T-nets and show that synthesis and deciding ESSP and SSP for this type is doable in polynomial time. Moreover, we demonstrate that, given a TS A, deciding if A has the SSP can be done in polynomial time for the types of (pure) \(\mathbb {Z}_{b+1}\)-extended b-bounded P/T-nets. Finally, we exhibit that deciding if a TS A is feasible or has the ESSP for the types of (pure) \(\mathbb {Z}_{b+1}\)-extended b-bounded P/T-nets is fixed parameter tractable if the number of occurrences of events is considered as parameter.
Access this chapter
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
References
van der Aalst, W.M.P.: Process Mining - Discovery, Conformance and Enhancement of Business Processes. Springer, Heidelberg (2011). https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-19345-3
Agostini, A., De Michelis, G.: Improving flexibility of workflow management systems. In: van der Aalst, W., Desel, J., Oberweis, A. (eds.) Business Process Management. LNCS, vol. 1806, pp. 218–234. Springer, Heidelberg (2000). https://doi.org/10.1007/3-540-45594-9_14
Badouel, E., Bernardinello, L., Darondeau, P.: Polynomial algorithms for the synthesis of bounded nets. In: Mosses, P.D., Nielsen, M., Schwartzbach, M.I. (eds.) CAAP 1995. LNCS, vol. 915, pp. 364–378. Springer, Heidelberg (1995). https://doi.org/10.1007/3-540-59293-8_207
Badouel, E., Bernardinello, L., Darondeau, P.: The synthesis problem for elementary net systems is NP-complete. Theor. Comput. Sci. 186(1–2), 107–134 (1997). https://doi.org/10.1016/S0304-3975(96)00219-8
Badouel, E., Bernardinello, L., Darondeau, P.: Petri Net Synthesis. Texts in Theoretical Computer Science. An EATCS Series. Springer, Heidelberg (2015).https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-47967-4
Badouel, E., Caillaud, B., Darondeau, P.: Distributing finite automata through Petri net synthesis. Formal Asp. Comput. 13(6), 447–470 (2002). https://doi.org/10.1007/s001650200022
Best, E., Darondeau, P.: Petri net distributability. In: Clarke, E., Virbitskaite, I., Voronkov, A. (eds.) PSI 2011. LNCS, vol. 7162, pp. 1–18. Springer, Heidelberg (2012). https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-29709-0_1
Best, E., Devillers, R.: Characterisation of the state spaces of live and bounded marked graph Petri nets. In: Dediu, A.-H., Martín-Vide, C., Sierra-Rodríguez, J.-L., Truthe, B. (eds.) LATA 2014. LNCS, vol. 8370, pp. 161–172. Springer, Cham (2014). https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-04921-2_13
Cortadella, J., Kishinevsky, M., Kondratyev, A., Lavagno, L., Yakovlev, A.: A region-based theory for state assignment in speed-independent circuits. IEEE Trans. CAD Integr. Circ. Syst. 16(8), 793–812 (1997). https://doi.org/10.1109/43.644602
Downey, R.G., Fellows, M.R.: Fundamentals of Parameterized Complexity. Texts in Computer Science. Springer, London (2013). https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4471-5559-1
Goldmann, M., Russell, A.: The complexity of solving equations over finite groups. Inf. Comput. 178(1), 253–262 (2002). https://doi.org/10.1006/inco.2002.3173
Hiraishi, K.: Some complexity results on transition systems and elementary net systems. Theor. Comput. Sci. 135(2), 361–376 (1994). https://doi.org/10.1016/0304-3975(94)90112-0
Holloway, L.E., Krogh, B.H., Giua, A.: A survey of Petri net methods for controlled discrete event systems. Discret. Event Dyn. Syst. 7(2), 151–190 (1997). https://doi.org/10.1023/A:1008271916548
Schlachter, U.: (2019, private correspondance)
Schlachter, U., Wimmel, H.: k-bounded Petri net synthesis from modal transition systems. In: CONCUR. LIPIcs, vol. 85, pp. 6:1–6:15. Schloss Dagstuhl - Leibniz-Zentrum fuer Informatik (2017). https://doi.org/10.4230/LIPIcs.CONCUR.2017.6
Schmitt, V.: Flip-flop nets. In: Puech, C., Reischuk, R. (eds.) STACS 1996. LNCS, vol. 1046, pp. 515–528. Springer, Heidelberg (1996). https://doi.org/10.1007/3-540-60922-9_42
Tarjan, R.E.: Finding optimum branchings. Networks 7(1), 25–35 (1977). https://doi.org/10.1002/net.3230070103
Tredup, R.: Hardness results for the synthesis of \(b\)-bounded Petri nets. In: Donatelli, S., Haar, S. (eds.) PETRI NETS 2019. LNCS, vol. 11522, pp. 127–147. Springer, Cham (2019)
Tredup, R., Rosenke, C.: Narrowing down the hardness barrier of synthesizing elementary net systems. In: CONCUR. LIPIcs, vol. 118, pp. 16:1–16:15. Schloss Dagstuhl - Leibniz-Zentrum fuer Informatik (2018). https://doi.org/10.4230/LIPIcs.CONCUR.2018.16
Tredup, R., Rosenke, C.: The complexity of synthesis for 43 Boolean Petri net types. In: Gopal, T.V., Watada, J. (eds.) TAMC 2019. LNCS, vol. 11436, pp. 615–634. Springer, Cham (2019). https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-14812-6_38
Tredup, R., Rosenke, C., Wolf, K.: Elementary net synthesis remains NP-complete even for extremely simple inputs. In: Khomenko, V., Roux, O.H. (eds.) PETRI NETS 2018. LNCS, vol. 10877, pp. 40–59. Springer, Cham (2018). https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-91268-4_3
Acknowledgements
I would like to thank Uli Schlachter for his helpful remarks and for simplifying the proof of Lemma 1. Also, I’m thankful to the anonymous reviewers for their valuable comments.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Editor information
Editors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 2019 Springer Nature Switzerland AG
About this paper
Cite this paper
Tredup, R. (2019). Fixed Parameter Tractability and Polynomial Time Results for the Synthesis of b-bounded Petri Nets. In: Donatelli, S., Haar, S. (eds) Application and Theory of Petri Nets and Concurrency. PETRI NETS 2019. Lecture Notes in Computer Science(), vol 11522. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-21571-2_10
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-21571-2_10
Published:
Publisher Name: Springer, Cham
Print ISBN: 978-3-030-21570-5
Online ISBN: 978-3-030-21571-2
eBook Packages: Computer ScienceComputer Science (R0)