Skip to main content
SpringerLink
Log in

Exhaustive Simulation and Test Generation Using fUML Activity Diagrams

  • Conference paper
  • First Online:
Advanced Information Systems Engineering (CAiSE 2019)

Part of the book series: Lecture Notes in Computer Science ((LNISA,volume 11483))

Included in the following conference series:

Abstract

The quality of the specifications used for test generation plays an important role in the quality of the generated tests. One approach to improve the quality of the UML specification is the use of executable models specified using the Foundational Subset for Executable UML Models (fUML) and the Action language for fUML (Alf). Due to their precise semantics, fUML and Alf models can be simulated or executed using an fUML execution engine. However, in order to execute the models exhaustively, one must provide input data required to reach and cover all essential elements not only in the graphical fUML models, but also in the textual Alf code associated with the graphical models. In this paper, we present an approach for exhaustive simulation and test generation from fUML activity diagrams containing Alf code. The proposed approach translates fUML activity diagrams and associated Alf code into equivalent Java code and then automatically generates: (1) input data needed to cover or execute all paths in the executable fUML and Alf models and (2) test cases and test oracle (expected output) for testing the actual implementation of the system under development. We also present a tool chain and demonstrate our proposed approach with the help of an example.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this chapter

Log in via an institution
Chapter
USD 29.95
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
eBook
USD 84.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as EPUB and PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
Softcover Book
USD 109.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Compact, lightweight edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info

Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout

Purchases are for personal use only

Institutional subscriptions

Notes

  1. 1.

    https://www.omg.org/spec/FUML.

  2. 2.

    https://www.omg.org/spec/ALF.

  3. 3.

    https://github.com/ModelDriven/fUML-Reference-Implementation.

  4. 4.

    http://git.eclipse.org/c/papyrus/org.eclipse.papyrus-moka.git.

  5. 5.

    http://www.eclipse.org/papyrus.

  6. 6.

    http://www.eclipse.org.

  7. 7.

    https://www.omg.org/spec/UML/2.5/.

  8. 8.

    http://www.eclipse.org/papyrus.

  9. 9.

    http://git.eclipse.org/c/papyrus/org.eclipse.papyrus-moka.git.

  10. 10.

    https://junit.org/.

  11. 11.

    http://www.uppaal.org/.

  12. 12.

    http://nusmv.fbk.eu/.

  13. 13.

    http://spinroot.com/.

  14. 14.

    https://www.omg.org/omgmarte/.

References

  1. Amellal, S., Kaminska, B.: Scheduling of a control data flow graph. In: 1993 IEEE International Symposium on Circuits and Systems, vol. 3, pp. 1666–1669 (1993)

    Google Scholar 

  2. Arnaud, M., Bannour, B., Cuccuru, A., Gaston, C., Gerard, S., Lapitre, A.: Timed symbolic testing framework for executable models using high-level scenarios. In: Boulanger, F., Krob, D., Morel, G., Roussel, J.C. (eds.) Complex Systems Design & Management, pp. 269–282. Springer, Cham (2015). https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-11617-4_19

    Chapter  Google Scholar 

  3. Backhauß, S.: Code generation for UML activity diagrams in real-time systems. Master’s thesis, Institute for Software Systems, Hamburg University of Technology (2016)

    Google Scholar 

  4. Breton, E., Bézivin, J.: Towards an understanding of model executability. In: Proceedings of the International Conference on Formal Ontology in Information Systems - Volume 2001, FOIS 2001, pp. 70–80. ACM (2001)

    Google Scholar 

  5. Cadar, C., et al.: Symbolic execution for software testing in practice: preliminary assessment. In: Proceedings of the 33rd International Conference on Software Engineering, ICSE 2011, pp. 1066–1071. ACM (2011)

    Google Scholar 

  6. Daw, Z., Cleaveland, R.: Comparing model checkers for timed UML activity diagrams. Sci. Comput. Program. 111, 277–299 (2015). Special Issue on Automated Verification of Critical Systems (AVoCS 2013)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  7. Fraser, G., Arcuri, A.: EvoSuite: automatic test suite generation for object-oriented software. In: Proceedings of the 19th ACM SIGSOFT Symposium and the 13th European Conference on Foundations of Software Engineering, ESEC/FSE 2011, pp. 416–419. ACM (2011)

    Google Scholar 

  8. Gay, G.: Generating effective test suites by combining coverage criteria. In: Menzies, T., Petke, J. (eds.) SSBSE 2017. LNCS, vol. 10452, pp. 65–82. Springer, Cham (2017). https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-66299-2_5

    Chapter  Google Scholar 

  9. Gessenharter, D., Rauscher, M.: Code generation for UML 2 activity diagrams. In: France, R.B., Kuester, J.M., Bordbar, B., Paige, R.F. (eds.) ECMFA 2011. LNCS, vol. 6698, pp. 205–220. Springer, Heidelberg (2011). https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-21470-7_15

    Chapter  Google Scholar 

  10. Harrison, W., Barton, C., Raghavachari, M.: Mapping UML designs to Java. SIGPLAN Not. 35(10), 178–187 (2000)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  11. Kahn, A.B.: Topological sorting of large networks. Commun. ACM 5(11), 558–562 (1962). https://doi.org/10.1145/368996.369025

    Article  MATH  Google Scholar 

  12. Majumdar, R., Sen, K.: Hybrid concolic testing. In: Proceedings of the 29th International Conference on Software Engineering, pp. 416–426 (2007)

    Google Scholar 

  13. Mellor, S.J., Balcer, M.: Executable UML. A Foundation for Model-Driven Architecture. Addison-Wesley, Boston (2002)

    Google Scholar 

  14. Micskei, Z., Konnerth, R.A., Horváth, B., Semeráth, O., Vörös, A., Varró, D.: On open source tools for behavioral modeling and analysis with fUML and Alf. In: Bordelau, F., Dingel, J., Gerard, S., Voss, S. (eds.) 1st Workshop on Open Source Software for Model Driven Engineering (2014)

    Google Scholar 

  15. Mijatov, S., Mayerhofer, T., Langer, P., Kappel, G.: Testing functional requirements in UML activity diagrams. In: Blanchette, J.C., Kosmatov, N. (eds.) TAP 2015. LNCS, vol. 9154, pp. 173–190. Springer, Cham (2015). https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-21215-9_11

    Chapter  Google Scholar 

  16. Planas, E., Cabot, J., Gómez, C.: Lightweight and static verification of UML executable models. Comput. Lang. Syst. Struct. 46, 66–90 (2016)

    Google Scholar 

  17. Rojas, J.M., Vivanti, M., Arcuri, A., Fraser, G.: A detailed investigation of the effectiveness of whole test suite generation. Empirical Softw. Eng. 22(2), 852–893 (2017). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10664-015-9424-2

    Article  Google Scholar 

  18. Samuel, P., Mall, R.: Slicing-based test case generation from UML activity diagrams. ACM SIGSOFT Softw. Eng. Notes 34(6), 1–14 (2009)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  19. Selic, B.: The less well known UML. In: Bernardo, M., Cortellessa, V., Pierantonio, A. (eds.) SFM 2012. LNCS, vol. 7320, pp. 1–20. Springer, Heidelberg (2012). https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-30982-3_1

    Chapter  Google Scholar 

  20. Störrle, H.: Semantics and verification of data flow in UML 2.0 activities. Electron. Notes Theor. Comput. Sci. 127(4), 35–52 (2005)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  21. Tatibouet, J., Cuccuru, A., Gérard, S., Terrier, F.: Principles for the realization of an open simulation framework based on fUML (WIP). In: Proceedings of the Symposium on Theory of Modeling & Simulation - DEVS Integrative M&S Symposium, DEVS 2013, pp. 4:1–4:6 (2013)

    Google Scholar 

  22. Yu, L., Tang, X., Wang, L., Li, X.: Simulating software behavior based on UML activity diagram. In: Proceedings of the 5th Asia-Pacific Symposium on Internetware, Internetware 2013, pp. 31:1–31:4. ACM (2013)

    Google Scholar 

Download references

Acknowledgments

This work has received funding from the Electronic Component Systems for European Leadership Joint Undertaking under grant agreement number 737494. This Joint Undertaking receives support from the European Unions Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme and Sweden, France, Spain, Italy, Finland, the Czech Republic.

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Faculty of Science and Engineering, Åbo Akademi University, Turku, Finland

    Junaid Iqbal, Adnan Ashraf, Dragos Truscan & Ivan Porres

Authors
  1. Junaid Iqbal
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  2. Adnan Ashraf
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  3. Dragos Truscan
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  4. Ivan Porres
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Junaid Iqbal .

Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

  1. University of Trento, Trento, Italy

    Paolo Giorgini

  2. University of St. Gallen, St. Gallen, Switzerland

    Barbara Weber

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

Copyright information

© 2019 Springer Nature Switzerland AG

About this paper

Check for updates. Verify currency and authenticity via CrossMark

Cite this paper

Iqbal, J., Ashraf, A., Truscan, D., Porres, I. (2019). Exhaustive Simulation and Test Generation Using fUML Activity Diagrams. In: Giorgini, P., Weber, B. (eds) Advanced Information Systems Engineering. CAiSE 2019. Lecture Notes in Computer Science(), vol 11483. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-21290-2_7

Download citation

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-21290-2_7

  • Published:

  • Publisher Name: Springer, Cham

  • Print ISBN: 978-3-030-21289-6

  • Online ISBN: 978-3-030-21290-2

  • eBook Packages: Computer ScienceComputer Science (R0)

Publish with us

Policies and ethics

Search

Navigation