Abstract
Since the mid-twentieth century, the use of spinal hardware and bone grafting, as well as the advancement of radiographic imaging, has greatly improved intraoperative precision and postoperative outcomes. Today, pedicle screws are the most common method for fixation in the thoracolumbar spine and are used to help treat degenerative, oncologic, traumatic, infectious, as well as deformity conditions.
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Aouad, D., Tannous, O. (2020). Thoracic Posterior Instrumentation Without Scoliosis. In: O'Brien, J., Kalantar, S., Drazin, D., Sandhu, F. (eds) The Resident's Guide to Spine Surgery. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-20847-9_9
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