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Physics of Dusty Plasmas pp 81–99Cite as

Plasma Crystallization and Phase Transitions

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Part of the book series: Lecture Notes in Physics ((LNP,volume 962))

Abstract

After identifying the basic mechanisms of charging, trapping and interaction of dust particles in a discharge, we now investigate the many-particle interaction of the dust in view of crystallization and phase transitions of the dust ensemble. One of the fascinating properties of dusty plasmas is that the dust particles can arrange in highly ordered systems and that a transition to unordered situations is found. Thus, dusty plasmas can serve as models for condensed matter systems. Now, here, it is discussed how the ordering of a dust particle ensemble can be characterized, especially for situations in two dimensions.

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Notes

  1. 1.

    For example, in an ordered state with simple cubic structure with particle separation b the density is n = b −3. The Wigner-Seitz radius for this situation then is b WS = 0.62 b.

  2. 2.

    For example, one finds Γ = 8 × 10−3 ≪ 1 for ions at T i = 0.03 eV and n i = 1 × 109 cm−3 and even less for electrons due to their (typically) higher temperature.

  3. 3.

    bcc: body-centered cubic, fcc: face-centered cubic, hcp: hexagonal-close packed.

  4. 4.

    It is not the surface temperature of the dust which due to the contact with the cold neutral gas generally is around room temperature, see also [27,28,29].

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  1. Institut für Physik, Universität Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany

    André Melzer

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Melzer, A. (2019). Plasma Crystallization and Phase Transitions. In: Physics of Dusty Plasmas. Lecture Notes in Physics, vol 962. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-20260-6_5

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