Abstract
Since the inception of the policing profession in the 1820s, Sir Robert Peel envisioned an entity that was reliant on public input and involvement in the prioritization of police organizational responsibilities and tasks. However, many have alleged that the police are mere pawns of the political or royal elite, and that criminal laws have been created and police officials have been deployed to control the lower classes and minority and other under-represented groups. This is made clearest when public perceptions of the police have been evaluated. Almost consistently, members of minority groups and those socio-economically challenged have conveyed lower and diminished opinions of law enforcement. The concepts of ‘trust’ and ‘confidence’ in the police will be evaluated and contemporary viewpoints will be outlined.
Access this chapter
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
References
Albrecht, J. F. (2012). Analyzing the implementation and evolution of community policing in the United States and Scandinavia. In M. De Guzman, A. M. Das, & D. K. Das (Eds.), Strategic responses to crime: Thinking globally, acting locally. Boca Raton/Florida: Taylor and Francis/CRC Press.
Bellman, A. (1935). A police service rating scale. Journal of Criminal Law and Criminology, 26, 74–114.
Bordua, D. J., & Tifft, L. L. (1971). Citizen interview, organizational feedback, and police-community relations decisions. Law and Society Review, 5, 155–182.
Brown, B., & Benedict, W. R. (2002). Perceptions of the police: Past findings, methodological issues, conceptual issues and policy implications. Policing: An International Journal of Police Strategies & Management, 25(3), 543–580.
Cao, L., & Hou, C. (2001). A comparison of confidence in the police in China and in the United States. Journal of Criminal Justice, 29, 87–99.
Cao, L., & Zhao, J. S. (2005). Confidence in the police in Latin America. Journal of Criminal Justice, 33(5), 403–412.
Center for the Study of Democracy. (2011). Public trust in the criminal justice system – an instrument for penal policy assessment. Policy Brief No. 29. Sofia: Center for the Study of Democracy.
Decker, S. H. (1981). Citizen attitudes toward the police: A review of past findings and suggestions for future policy. Journal of Police Science and Administration, 9, 80–87.
Devos, T., Spin, D., & Schwartz, S. H. (2002). Conflicts between human values and trust in institutions. British Journal of Psychology, 41, 481–484.
Donner, C., Makaly, J., Fridell, L., & Jennings, W. (2015). Policing and procedural justice: A state-of-the-art review. Policing: An International Journal of Police Strategies and Management, 38, 153–172.
Gallup. (2018). Global law and order 2018. Washington, D.C.: Gallup Analytics.
Goldstein, H. (1979). Improving policing: A problem-oriented approach. NPPA Journal, 25(2), 236–258.
Jackson, J., & Bradford, B. (2010). What is trust and confidence in the police? Policing: A Journal of Policy and Practice, 4(3), 241–248.
Jackson, J., & Sunshine, J. (2007). Public confidence in policing: A neo-Durkhein perspective (Vol. 47, pp. 214–233). Oxford: Oxford University Press.
Jackson, J., Bradford, B., Stanko, E., & Hohl, K. (2013). Just authority? Trust in the Police in England and Wales. London: Routledge.
Jesilow, P., & Meyer, J. A. (2001). The effect of police misconduct on public attitudes: A quasi-experiment. Journal of Crime and Justice, 24(1), 109–121.
Kaariainen, J. T. (2007). Trust in the Police in 16 European countries: A multilevel analysis. European Journal of Criminology, 4(4), 409–435.
Kaariainen, J. T. (2008). Why do the Finns trust the police? Journal of Scandinavian Studies in Criminology and Crime Prevention, 9, 141–159.
Kaminski, R. J., & Jefferis, E. S. (1998). The effect of a violent televised arrest on public perceptions of the police: A partial test of Easton’s theoretical framework. Policing: An International Journal of Police Strategies & Management, 21, 683–706.
Klyman, F. I., & Kruckenberg, J. (1974). A methodology for assessing citizen perceptions of the police. Journal of Criminal Justice, 2, 219–233.
Lasley, J. R. (1994). The impact of the Rodney King incident on citizen attitudes toward police. Policing and Society, 3, 245–255.
Lee, W. L. M. (1901). A history of police of England. London: Methuan and Company.
MacDonald, J., & Stokes, R. J. (2006). Race, social capital and trust in the police. Urban Affairs Review, 41(3), 358–375.
Mazerolle, L., Bennett, S., Davis, J., Sargeant, E., & Manning, M. (2013). Legitimacy in policing: A systematic review. Oslo: Campbell Systematic Reviews.
Merry, S., Power, N., McManus, M., & Alison, L. (2012). Drivers of public trust and confidence in police in the UK. International Journal of Police Science & Management, 14(2), 118–135.
Norman, J. (2017). Confidence in police back at historic average. Washington, D.C.: Gallup Analytics.
Parratt, S. D. (1936). A critique of the Bellman police service rating scale. Journal of the American Institute of Criminal Law and Criminology, 27, 895–905.
Peak, K., Bradshaw, R. V., & Glensor, R. W. (1992). Improving citizen perceptions of the police: ‘Back to the basics’ with a community policing strategy. Journal of Criminal Justice, 20, 25–40.
Roche, S., & Oberwittler, D. (2018). Towards a broader view of police–citizen relations: How societal cleavages and political contexts shape trust and distrust, legitimacy and illegitimacy. In D. Oberwittler & S. Roche (Eds.), Police–citizen relations across the world: Comparing sources and contexts of trust and legitimacy. New York: Routledge.
Thurman, Q. C., & Reisig, M. D. (1996). Community-oriented research in an era of community policing. American Behavioral Scientist, 39, 570–586.
Transparency International. (2018). Corruption perceptions index 2017. Berlin: Transparency International.
Trojanowicz, R. C. (1982). An evaluation of a neighborhood foot patrol program in Flint, Michigan. In East Lansing. Michigan: Michigan State University.
Trojanowicz, R. C., & Bucqueroux, B. (1994). Community policing: How to get started. Cincinnati: Anderson Publishers.
Tuch, S. A., & Weitzer, R. (1997). The polls: Racial differences in attitudes toward the police. Public Opinion Quarterly, 61, 642–664.
Tyler, T. R. (2001). Public trust and confidence in legal authorities: What do majority and minority group members want from the law and legal institutions? Behavioral Sciences & the Law, 19(2), 215–235.
Tyler, T. R. (2005). Policing in black and white: Ethnic group differences in trust and confidence in the police. Police Quarterly, 8(3), 322–342.
Tyler, T. (2011). Why people cooperate: The role of social motivations. Princeton: Princeton University Press.
Tyler, T. R., & Sevier, J. (2014). How do the courts create popular legitimacy? Albany Law Review, 77, 101–143.
Tyler, T. R., Schulhofer, S. J., & Huq, A. Z. (2010). Legitimacy and deterrence effects in counter-terrorism policing. Law & Society Review, 44, 365–402.
Tyler, T., Goff, P., & MacCoun, R. (2015). The impact of psychological science on policing in the United States: Procedural justice, legitimacy, and effective law enforcement. Psychological Science in the Public Interest, 16, 75–109.
Uslaner, E. M. (2005). Varieties of trust. FEEM Working Paper No. 69.05. Milan: Fondazione Eni Enrico Mattei.
Van Craen, M. (2013). Explaining majority and minority trust in police. Justice Quarterly, 30(6), 1042–1067.
Weisel, D. (1999). Conducting community surveys: A practical guide for law enforcement. Washington, DC: US Department of Justice, Bureau of Justice Statistics, Monograph NCJ 178246.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Editor information
Editors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 2019 Springer Nature Switzerland AG
About this chapter
Cite this chapter
Albrecht, J.F. (2019). Evaluating Police-Community Relations Globally. In: Albrecht, J.F., den Heyer, G., Stanislas, P. (eds) Policing and Minority Communities. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-19182-5_1
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-19182-5_1
Published:
Publisher Name: Springer, Cham
Print ISBN: 978-3-030-19181-8
Online ISBN: 978-3-030-19182-5
eBook Packages: Law and CriminologyLaw and Criminology (R0)