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History of Soil Survey

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The Soils of Georgia

Part of the book series: World Soils Book Series ((WSBS))

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Abstract

This chapter covers the history of soils survey in Georgia starting from Vakhushti Bagrationi (eighteenth century), who divided the country into five botanical–agricultural zones, which are the vertical zones of soil with different fertilities; and Sulkhan-Saba Orbeliani (eighteenth century) which lexicon and encyclopedia contain terms describing features and properties of soils. Later (nineteenth century), V. Dokuchaev used the route method to study the soils in different regions (coastal zone, foothills, and mountainous). Following this trip, he established the regularities of the vertical soil distribution. A number of published textbooks, monographs, and scientific papers on Soil Science and soils of Georgia are chronologically described. The study results of some scientists and groups of researchers, as well as scientific directions of research and educational institutions, are considered in the field of classification and genesis of soils, agrochemical and physical properties, mineral and organic fertilizers, erosion control, soil pollution, mapping, etc.

Due to the “locked system” of former Soviet Union, previous generation of well-known Georgian researchers, who worked in the last century, published their study results only in Georgian and Russian languages. Therefore, in many cases, the names of some authors and their publications could not reach the international scientific community.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Faculty of Exact & Natural Sciences, Department of Soil Geography, Ivane Javakhishvili Tbilisi State University, Tbilisi, Georgia

    Lia Matchavariani & Besik Kalandadze

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  1. Lia Matchavariani
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  2. Besik Kalandadze
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Correspondence to Lia Matchavariani .

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  1. Faculty of Exact & Natural Sciences, Department of Soil Geography, Ivane Javakhishvili Tbilisi State University, Tbilisi, Georgia

    Lia Matchavariani

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Matchavariani, L., Kalandadze, B. (2019). History of Soil Survey. In: Matchavariani, L. (eds) The Soils of Georgia. World Soils Book Series. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-18509-1_2

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