Skip to main content
Book cover

Waste Management in MENA Regions pp 295–312Cite as

Innovation Technologies in Wastewater Treatment: A Cost-Effective Solution—Jordan Case Study

Part of the Springer Water book series (SPWA)

Abstract

Natural and semi-natural wastewater treatment system is used in the rural area, to protect the environment and to improve the treatment efficiency processes in the wastewater treatment units and reuse it in agriculture as low-cost treatment solutions especially in water scarcity countries like Jordan. Different wastewater technologies are commercially used for the treatment of municipal as well as industrial wastewater. Wetland technologies, SBR, septic tank, modified septic tank, and biofilm system are successfully implemented in Jordan in the one of an important demonstration research center and also in several cities in Jordan. Decentralized wastewater treatment processes were achieved by the aeration in aerobic systems (oxidation of organic compounds and nitrification) and wetlands system. The aim of this chapter is to demonstrate developing and transferring some innovative wastewater technologies as an example in Jordan Valley as an approach for integrated water resources management (IWRM). This was implemented by several international supports to enable sustainable use of water resources. Also to demonstrate Sustainable Management of Available Water Resources with Innovative Technologies (SMART) treatment efficiency of some innovative treatment technologies of municipal wastewater in small scale and reuse it for irrigation purpose. Furthermore, it is necessary to insure the local water quality required, a cost-effective treatment, sustainability, and protection of public health. The development and adaptation of the above technologies and solutions have considered the local conditions and climate change.

Keywords

  • Small scale
  • Wastewater treatment
  • Biological
  • SBR
  • Wetland
  • Nitrification
  • IWRM

This is a preview of subscription content, access via your institution.

Chapter
USD   29.95
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • DOI: 10.1007/978-3-030-18350-9_15
  • Chapter length: 18 pages
  • Instant PDF download
  • Readable on all devices
  • Own it forever
  • Exclusive offer for individuals only
  • Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout
eBook
USD   89.00
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • ISBN: 978-3-030-18350-9
  • Instant PDF download
  • Readable on all devices
  • Own it forever
  • Exclusive offer for individuals only
  • Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout
Softcover Book
USD   119.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
Hardcover Book
USD   169.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
Learn about institutional subscriptions
Fig. 15.1
Fig. 15.2
Fig. 15.3
Fig. 15.4
Fig. 15.5
Fig. 15.6
Fig. 15.7
Fig. 15.8
Fig. 15.9
Fig. 15.10
Fig. 15.11
Fig. 15.12
Fig. 15.13
Fig. 15.14
Fig. 15.15

Notes

  1. 1.

    See Footnote 1.

  2. 2.

    Trade Effluent: that is defined as any wastewater discharged to a sewerage system which is produced in the course of any industrial, commercial, agricultural, medical, and scientific or trade activity, but does not include domestic wastewater.

References

  1. Wolf L, Hoetzl H (2011) SMART—IWRM integrated water resource management at the lower Jordan valley. Project Report Phase 1. KIT Scientific Publishing, Karlsruhe

    Google Scholar 

  2. Ministry of Water and Irrigation (MWI) (2017) National water strategy of Jordan. Hashemite Kingdom of Jordan, December

    Google Scholar 

  3. Ministry of Water and Irrigation (MWI) (2016) Decentralized wastewater management policy DWWM Policy. National Water Strategy of Jordan, Ministry of Water and Irrigation, Hashemite Kingdom of Jordan

    Google Scholar 

  4. Mohsen M (2007) Water strategies and potential of desalination in Jordan. Desalination 203(1–3):27–46

    CAS  CrossRef  Google Scholar 

  5. Guttman J, Hoetzl H, Hanaki J, Kelman R, Lawford H (2009) Towards a rational water management and utilization of water resources in arid zones; application to the Jordan Rift Valley, International (III), International Association of Hydrological Sciences, International (III)

    Google Scholar 

  6. Hoff H, Bonzi C, Joyce B, Tielbörger K (2011) A water resources planning tool for the Jordan River Basin. Water 3(3):718–736

    CrossRef  Google Scholar 

  7. MFA (2012) Multilateral Framework Agreement (MFA) signed between the SJU. EUROCONTROL and its 15 selected members, July

    Google Scholar 

  8. Schmidt S, subh A, Tamimi A, Toll M, Mueller R, Bensabat J, Geyer S, Sauter M, Hoetzl H, Riepl D, Tiehm A, Wolff  HB, Ali W (2010) Estimation of natural groundwater replenishment, temporal and spatial variability - Deliverable 402. SMART Project Delivarables. Karlsruhe, KIT: 34

    Google Scholar 

  9. Abu Harb R, Abbasi B, Manasser N (2018) Optimization ofmodified septic tank performance in treating domestic 383 wastewater in Jordan. Al Balqa Applied University, Salt City, Jordan

    Google Scholar 

  10. Van Afferden M, Mueller RA (2007) Design of “Training and Exhibition Trail” for decentralized wastewater treatment and reuse at the SMART-Research and Demonstration site in Fuheis, Jordan. University of Karlsruhe, Karlsruhe, Germany, pp 28. Available at: http://www.iwrm-smart.org

  11. Cardona J, van Afferden M (2014) Technical report on the training courses for professionals on decentralized WWT&R technologies and management. SMART-IWRM Integrated water resources and management in the lower Jordan Rift Valley. Project report phase II. http://www.iwrm-smart.org

  12. Kadlec RH, Knight RL, Vymazal J, Brix H, Cooper P, Haberl R (2009) “Constructed wetlands for pollution control”: processes, performance, design and operation. IWA Scientific and Technical Report 8, London

    Google Scholar 

  13. Van Afferden M, Rahman KZ, Headley T, Abbassi B, Zrai E, Bradler U, Mueller R (2010) “System Solutions for decentralized wastewater management in Jordan”: provision of a demonstration plant for irrigation water. University of Karlsruhe, Karlsruhe, Germany. Available at: http://www.iwrm-smart.org

  14. Van Afferden M, Rahman KZ, Headley T, Abbassi B, Zrai E, Bradler U, Mueller RA (2010) “System solutions for decentralized wastewater management in Jordan”: provision of a demonstration plant for irrigation water. University of Karlsruhe, Karlsruhe, Germany. Available at: http://www.iwrm-smart.org

  15. Bensabat J, Dror S (2013) “Multi-Criteria Optimization (MCO) Module”—version 1.2. SMART Project, December

    Google Scholar 

  16. Mueller RA (2011) Technologies—managing wastewater for reuse. In: Wolf L, Hoetzl H (eds) SMART IWRM: integrated water resource management at the lower Jordan Valley, project report phase 1. KIT Scientific Publishing, Karlsruhe, pp 136–159

    Google Scholar 

  17. World Health Organization (WHO) (2006) Guidelines for the safe use of wastewater, excreta and greywater, vol 1. World Health Organization

    Google Scholar 

  18. Jordanian Institute of Standards and Metrology (JISM) (2006) Amman, Jordan. Jordanian standards and guidelines for reuse in irrigation in the Hashemite Kingdom of Jordan

    Google Scholar 

  19. Nasr A, Mikhaeil B (2015) Treatment of domestic wastewater using modified septic tank. Desalin Water Treat 56(8):2073–2081

    CrossRef  Google Scholar 

  20. Jordan Water Authority (WAJ) (2017) Decentralized wastewater management in Jordan. Annual report December

    Google Scholar 

  21. Shareef N (2018) Training tools for Master students in decentralized wastewater treatment for Al Balqa Applied University. Jordan, October

    Google Scholar 

Download references

Acknowledgements

The author would like to acknowledge that the case study project was supported by the Federal Ministry of Education and Research in Germany in cooperation with Water sector in Jordan. Namely the Ministry of Water and Irrigation in Jordan, as well, with local universities and research institutions in Jordan (Al-Balqa Applied University as a main local partner). The author is involved in this project via her work for Al-Balqa Applied University & GIZ in Jordan as senior wastewater engineering and Capacity building specialist between 2016 to the present time. SMART: The Sustainable Management of Water Resources with Innovative Technologies, which is supported by the German Federal Ministry for Education and Research in Germany an investigation that has been carried out in the Jordan Valley in cooperation with several local and German stakeholders will be a regional research and training center to provide the region with good experience in wastewater management in the region.

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Mundenheimer Strasse 152, 67061, Ludwigshafen, Germany

    Noama Shareef

Authors
  1. Noama Shareef
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Noama Shareef .

Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Water and Water Structures Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Zagazig University, Zagazig, Egypt

    Prof. Dr. Abdelazim M Negm

  2. Ludwigshafen, Germany

    Noama Shareef

Rights and permissions

Reprints and Permissions

Copyright information

© 2020 Springer Nature Switzerland AG

About this chapter

Verify currency and authenticity via CrossMark

Cite this chapter

Shareef, N. (2020). Innovation Technologies in Wastewater Treatment: A Cost-Effective Solution—Jordan Case Study. In: Negm, A., Shareef, N. (eds) Waste Management in MENA Regions. Springer Water. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-18350-9_15

Download citation