Skip to main content

Step by Step Research

  • Chapter
  • First Online:
Into the Wild: Beyond the Design Research Lab

Part of the book series: Studies in Applied Philosophy, Epistemology and Rational Ethics ((SAPERE,volume 48))

Abstract

Research in the Wild, a well-trodden phrase in the literature, but how wild is wild? Walking the streets of one of the most deprived areas in the country, or gazing out to sea, from an ‘unspoilt’ valley that, beneath the greenery, is pockmarked with 19th century mine workings. If the way is well signed (according to the tourist literature), does that make it no better than a controlled lab experiment, a repeatable journey. And ‘research’ is maybe no less problematic. If a researcher walks one thousand miles does that make it research in the same way that an artist piling bricks makes it art? This chapter describes a three and half month journey by foot around the periphery of Wales, which takes in the most downtrodden and industrially derelict areas of the country as well as gentrified ‘regenerated’ waterfronts; oil refineries, and picture postcard ‘destinations’. It is a story that is as challenging methodologically as it is physically and mentally; low on systematicity, high on subjectivity, more about uncovering questions than finding answers. The questions raised are as varied as the landscape. What makes one post-industrial community fail whilst another retains its heart? Why does software cope so badly with poor connectivity, making already difficult situations worse? Above all, is there a future for the margins beyond depopulation, retirement coast, or theme park?

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this chapter

Chapter
USD 29.95
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
eBook
USD 139.00
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as EPUB and PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
Hardcover Book
USD 179.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Durable hardcover edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info

Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout

Purchases are for personal use only

Institutional subscriptions

Notes

  1. 1.

    http://www.garmin.com.

  2. 2.

    http://www.findmespot.eu/en/.

  3. 3.

    http://www.viewranger.com/.

  4. 4.

    http://www.shareyouradventure.com/.

  5. 5.

    http://ellieharmon.com/.

  6. 6.

    The Affectiv Q is no longer available, but the MIT group that initially produced it has designed an improved wrist worn sensor to be built by a new company Empatica. http://affect.media.mit.edu/projectpages/iCalm/iCalm-2-Q.html.

  7. 7.

    http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Romany_Jones.

References

  • Annas, G. (2010). Self experimentation and the Nuremberg Code. BMJ, 341, c7103. https://doi.org/10.1136/bmj.c7103.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Asimakopoulos, S., & Dix, A. (2017). Walking: A grounded theory of social engagement and experience. Interacting with Computers (in press, online 28 August 2017) OUP. https://doi.org/10.1093/iwc/iwx014.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Bender, B. (1996). Mapping alternative worlds. In S. Clifford & A. King (Eds)., From place to place: Maps and Parish maps. Common Ground, 1996, pp. 41–51.

    Google Scholar 

  • Bidwell, N., & Browning, D. (2006). Making there: Methods to uncover egocentric experience in a dialogic of natural places. In J. Kjeldskov & J. Paay (Eds.), Proceedings of the 18th Australia Conference on Computer–Human Interaction: Design: Activities, Artefacts and Environments (OZCHI ’06) (pp. 229–236). New York, NY, USA: ACM. https://doi.org/10.1145/1228175.1228216.

  • Bidwell, N., Siya, M., Marsden, G., Tucker, W., Tshemese, M., Gaven, N., et al. (2013). Walking and the social life of solar charging in rural Africa. ACM Transactions on Computer-Human Interaction, 20(4), 22:1–22:33.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Boylorn, R. (2008). Participants as co-researchers. In L. Given (Ed.), The SAGE encyclopedia of qualitative research methods. https://doi.org/10.4135/9781412963909.

  • Cheverst, K., Davies, N., Mitchell, K., Friday, A., & Efstratiou, C. (2000). Developing a context-aware electronic tourist guide: Some issues and experiences. In Proceedings of the SIGCHI conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems (CHI ‘00) (pp. 17–24). New York, NY, USA: ACM. http://doi.acm.org/10.1145/332040.332047.

  • Connolly, D. (2006, 2007). Short Guide to field survey, field walking and detecting survey. British Archaeological Jobs Resource, October 2007 (revised edition). http://www.bajr.org/documents/shortguidetofieldsurvey.pdf.

  • Coverley, M. (2010). Psychogeography. Idea, pocket essentials. ISBN 1842433474.

    Google Scholar 

  • Cunningham, C. (2004). Scientists discuss experiments on self. Harvard University Gazzette, April 29, 2004. http://news.harvard.edu/gazette/2004/04.29/11-selfexperiment.html.

  • Curmi, F., Ferrario, M., Southern, J., & Whittle, J. (2013). HeartLink: Open broadcast of live biometric data to social networks. In Proceedings of the SIGCHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems (CHI ‘13) (pp. 1749–1758). New York, NY, USA: ACM. https://doi.org/10.1145/2470654.2466231.

  • Daiber, F., Jones, M., Wiehr, F., Cheverst, K., Kosmalla, F., & Häkkilä, J. (2017). UbiMount: 2nd workshop on ubiquitous computing in the mountains. In Proceedings of the 2017 ACM International Joint Conference on Pervasive and Ubiquitous Computing and Proceedings of the 2017 ACM International Symposium on Wearable Computers (UbiComp ‘17) (pp. 1022–1026). New York, NY, USA: ACM. https://doi.org/10.1145/3123024.3124462.

  • Dix, A. (1987). The myth of the infinitely fast machine. In D. Diaper & R. Winder (Eds.), People and Computers III—Proceedings of HCI ’87 (pp. 215–228). Cambridge University Press. http://alandix.com/academic/papers/hci87/.

  • Dix, A. (1992). Pace and interaction. In A. Monk, D. Diaper, & M. Harrison (Eds.), Proceedings of HCI’92: People and Computers VII (pp. 193–207). Cambridge University Press. http://www.hcibook.com/alan/papers/pace/.

  • Dix, A. (1995). Cooperation without (reliable) communication: Interfaces for mobile applications. Distributed Systems Engineering, 2(3), 171–181. http://www.hcibook.com/alan/papers/DSE95/.

    Article  MathSciNet  Google Scholar 

  • Dix, A., Ramduny, D., & Wilkinson, J. (1998). Interaction in the large. Interacting with Computers. Special Issue on Temporal Aspects of Usability (in press). http://alandix.com/papers/IwCtau98/.

  • Dix, A., Rodden, T., Davies, N., Trevor, J., Friday, A., & Palfreyman, K. (2000). Exploiting space and location as a design framework for interactive mobile systems. ACM Transactions on Computer-Human Interaction, 7, 3 (September 2000), 285–321. https://doi.org/10.1145/355324.355325.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Dix, A. (2010). Human-computer interaction: A stable discipline, a nascent science, and the growth of the long tail. Interacting with Computers, 22(1), 13–27. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.intcom.2009.11.007.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Dix, A., & Gongora, L. (2011). Externalisation and design. In: DESIRE 2011 the Second International Conference on Creativity and Innovation in Design (pp. 31–42).

    Google Scholar 

  • Dix, A., & Ellis, G. (2015). The Alan walks Wales dataset: Quantified self and open data. In J. Atenas & L. Havemann (Eds.), Open data as open educational resources: Case studies of emerging practice. London: Open Knowledge, Open Education Working Group. https://doi.org/10.6084/m9.figshare.1590031.

  • Eslambolchilar, P., Bødker, M., & Chamberlain, A. (2016). Ways of walking: Understanding walking’s implications for the design of handheld technology via a humanistic ethnographic approach. Human Technology, 12(1), 5–30. https://doi.org/10.17011/ht/urn.201605192618.

  • Facer, K., Joiner, R., Stanton, D., Reid, J., Hull, R. & Kirk, D. (2004). Savannah: Mobile gaming and learning? Journal of Computer Assisted Learning, 20(6), 399–409.

    Google Scholar 

  • Gandevia, S. (2005). Self-experimentation, ethics and efficacy. Monash Bioethics Review, 24(2), 43–8. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16208882.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Häkkilä, J., Cheverst, K., Schöning, J., Bidwell, N., Robinson, S., & Colley, A. (2016). NatureCHI: Unobtrusive user experiences with technology in nature. In Proceedings of the 2016 CHI Conference Extended Abstracts on Human Factors in Computing Systems (CHI EA ‘16) (pp. 3574–3580). New York, NY, USA: ACM. https://doi.org/10.1145/2851581.2856495.

  • Holtby, W. (1936). South riding.

    Google Scholar 

  • Ingold, T. (2007). Lines: A brief history. Routledge. ISBN 0415424267.

    Google Scholar 

  • Jones, M., Daiber, F., Anderson, Z., & Seppi, K. (2017). SIG on interactive computing in outdoor recreation. In Proceedings of the 2017 CHI Conference Extended Abstracts on Human Factors in Computing Systems (CHI EA ‘17) (pp. 1326–1329). New York, NY, USA: ACM. https://doi.org/10.1145/3027063.3049289.

  • Kolb, D. (2015). walking Wales: The data challenge. Germany: Bachelor Project, University Konstanz.

    Google Scholar 

  • Kostakos, V., O’Neill, E., Penn, A., Roussos, G., & Papadongonas, D. (2010, April). Brief encounters: Sensing, modeling and visualizing urban mobility and copresence networks. ACM Transactions on Computer-Human Interaction, 17(1), Article 2, 38. http://doi.acm.org/10.1145/1721831.1721833.

  • Leverhulme. (2014). Research project grants. The Leverhulme Trust. Accessed June 23, 2014. http://leverhulme.ac.uk/funding/RPG/RPG.cfm.

  • Macfarlane, R. (2005). A road of one’s own: Past and present artists of the randomly motivated walk. Times Literary Supplement, 7 October, pp. 3–4.

    Google Scholar 

  • Macfarlane, R. (2008). The wild places. Granta Books. ISBN 1847080189.

    Google Scholar 

  • Macfarlane, R. (2010). Mountains of the mind: A history of a fascination. Granta Books. ISBN 1847080391.

    Google Scholar 

  • Macfarlane, R. (2013). The old ways: A journey on foot. Penguin. ISBN 0141030585.

    Google Scholar 

  • McCrickard, D., Horning, M., Steve Harrison, S., Harmon, E., Dix, A., et al. (2018). Technology on the trail. In (Workshop) in Proceedings of GROUP’ 18, 2018 ACM Conference on Supporting Groupwork. ACM.

    Google Scholar 

  • Morgan, A., Dix, A., Phillips, P., & House, C. (2014). Blue sky thinking meets green field usability: can mobile internet software engineering bridge the rural divide? Local Economy (in press).

    Google Scholar 

  • Niu, S. (2017). AwareSpace: Collaborative surface system for text exploration. YouTube video. Dated 28/2/2017. Accessed October 23, 2017. https://youtu.be/GgkozPJV4n0.

  • Posti, M., Schöning, J., & Häkkilä, J. (2014). Unexpected journeys with the HOBBIT: The design and evaluation of an asocial hiking app. In Proceedings of the 2014 conference on Designing interactive systems (DIS ‘14) (pp. 637–646). New York, NY, USA: ACM. http://doi.acm.org/10.1145/2598510.2598592.

  • Pribeanu, C., Limbourg, Q., & Vanderdonckt, J. (2001). Task modelling for context-sensitive user interfaces. In C. Johnson (Ed.), Interactive systems: Design, specification, and verification (pp. 49–68). LNCS 2220. Springer. https://doi.org/10.1007/3-540-45522-1_4.

    Chapter  Google Scholar 

  • Razak, F. (2008). Single person study: Methodological issues. Ph.D. Thesis, Computing Department, Lancaster University, UK. http://www.hcibook.net/people/Fariza/.

  • REF. (2012). Part 2D: Main panel D criteria, Panel criteria and working methods. REF2014, Research Excellence Framework. January 2012. http://www.ref.ac.uk/pubs/2012-01/.

  • RSE. (2010). Digital Scotland. The Royal Society of Edinburgh. ISBN: 978-0-902198-36-4.

    Google Scholar 

  • Solnit, R. (2001). Wanderlust. Verso. ISBN: 1844675580.

    Google Scholar 

  • Solnit, R. (2006). A field guide to getting lost. Canongate Books. ISBN 1841957453.

    Google Scholar 

  • Spillers, F., & Asimakopoulos, S. (2014). Does social user experience improve motivation for runners? In A. Marcus (Ed.), Design, user experience, and usability. User experience design practice (pp. 358–369). LNCS 8520. Springer. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-07638-6_35.

    Google Scholar 

  • Stanton Fraser, D., Jay, T., Eamonn O’Neill, E., & Penn, A. (2013). My neighbourhood: Studying perceptions of urban space and neighbourhood with moblogging. Pervasive and Mobile Computing, 9(5), 722–737. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.pmcj.2012.07.002.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Townsend, L., Sathiaseelan, A., Fairhurst, G., & Wallace, C. (2013). Enhanced broadband access as a solution to the social and economic problems of the rural digital divide. Local Economy, 28(6), 580–595.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Virginia Tech. (2017). What comes after CHI: Technology on the trail, 2–3 March 2017. https://technologyonthetrail.wordpress.com/workshop.

  • WCP. (2014). Hall of fame. Wales Coast Path. Accessed June 29, 2014. http://www.walescoastpath.gov.uk/about-the-path/hall-of-fame.aspx.

Download references

Acknowledgements

Many thanks to all those individuals and groups who supported and encouraged me during “Alan Walks Wales”. Thanks too to those who contributed to the crowd-funding initiative and the dot.rural RCUK Digital Economy Hub at University of Aberdeen (http://www.dotrural.ac.uk), which supported this research as part of its partner scheme.

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

Authors

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Alan Dix .

Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

Copyright information

© 2020 Springer Nature Switzerland AG

About this chapter

Check for updates. Verify currency and authenticity via CrossMark

Cite this chapter

Dix, A. (2020). Step by Step Research. In: Chamberlain, A., Crabtree, A. (eds) Into the Wild: Beyond the Design Research Lab. Studies in Applied Philosophy, Epistemology and Rational Ethics, vol 48. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-18020-1_2

Download citation

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-18020-1_2

  • Published:

  • Publisher Name: Springer, Cham

  • Print ISBN: 978-3-030-18018-8

  • Online ISBN: 978-3-030-18020-1

  • eBook Packages: EngineeringEngineering (R0)

Publish with us

Policies and ethics