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Urosepsis: Pathogenesis and Treatment

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The Role of Bacteria in Urology

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Abstract

Urosepsis is a life-threatening infection that results from the interaction of microorganisms, predominantly bacteria and bacterial products with the innate immune system. The response of the host to the infection is disordered, resulting in a clinically unstable patient. Pathogen factors include the virulence of particular bacterial strains/subtypes which produce toxins, most commonly components of the bacterial cell wall, that amplify the host immune response, leading to life threatening organ dysfunction. Patient factors that may contribute to the development of urosepsis include a compromised immune system incapable of effectively clearing infection, as seen in patients with uncontrolled HIV or patients taking chronic immunosuppression (i.e. chronic steroid use). Certain urologic conditions, specifically the obstruction of urinary flow secondary to urolithiasis or benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH), can result in the rapid development of urosepsis. Successful management of urosepsis requires early identification of clinical symptoms, prompt fluid resuscitation, administration of antibiotics, and relief of obstruction of the urinary tract.

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Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. The Stone Centre at Vancouver General Hospital, Department of Urologic Sciences, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada

    Samir Bidnur

  2. University of British Columbia, The Stone Centre at Vancouver General Hospital, Jack Bell Research Centre, Vancouver, BC, Canada

    Kymora B. Scotland

Authors
  1. Samir Bidnur
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  2. Kymora B. Scotland
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Correspondence to Kymora B. Scotland .

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Editors and Affiliations

  1. University of British Columbia, The Stone Centre at Vancouver General Hospital, Jack Bell Research Centre, Vancouver, BC, Canada

    Dirk Lange

  2. University of British Columbia, The Stone Centre at Vancouver General Hospital, Jack Bell Research Centre, Vancouver, BC, Canada

    Kymora B. Scotland

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Bidnur, S., Scotland, K.B. (2019). Urosepsis: Pathogenesis and Treatment. In: Lange, D., Scotland, K. (eds) The Role of Bacteria in Urology. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-17542-9_4

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-17542-9_4

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  • Publisher Name: Springer, Cham

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