Abstract
Nanotechnology providing “a new dimension” accompanied with new properties conferred to many current materials is widely used for production of a new generation of agrochemicals; in medicine, it enables improved drug bioavailability, reducing undesirable side effects, minimizing non-specific uptake and specific targeting to certain target cells; while in food industry, it has great importance in food protection and biofortification of food with valuable ingredients. In bio-based nanoemulsions belonging to lipid nanocarriers, plant oils used for oil phase, emulsifiers, biosurfactants, cosurfactants, targeting ligands on the surface of nanoemulsion (e.g., folate), or encapsulated active ingredients are of natural origin. The biocomponents of such nanoemulsions show low toxicity to living organisms, could protect encapsulated compounds against degradation, ensure their sustainable release, and reduce the amount of active ingredient necessary for required effect. This chapter presents a comprehensive current overview of recent findings in the field of nanoemulsions and their utilization in agriculture and food industry, with the main emphasis on formulations encapsulating essential oils or plant extracts suitable as effective pesticide preparations as well as medicinal applications of bio-based nanoemulsions, where attention is paid to transdermal nanoemulsion formulations, the use of nanoemulsions in cancer therapy, and for pulmonary and ocular drug delivery. Nanoemulsions formulated with natural emulsifiers, biosurfactants, and biopolymers are presented, and bio-based nanoemulsions of essential oils and their constituents as well as nanoemulsions with encapsulated vitamins, fatty acids, and some bioactive compounds applicable in food products are discussed. Applications of nanoemulsions in edible coatings are outlined as well.
Access this chapter
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
References
Abbas S, Hayat K, Karangwa E, Bashari M, Zhang XM (2013) An overview of ultrasound-assisted food-grade nanoemulsions. Food Eng Rev 5(3):139–157. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12393-013-9066-3
Abd E, Namjoshi S, Mohammed YH, Roberts MS, Grice JE (2016) Synergistic skin penetration enhancer and nanoemulsion formulations promote the human epidermal permeation of caffeine and naproxen. J Pharm Sci 105(1):212–220. https://doi.org/10.1002/jps.24699
Abd E, Benson HAE, Roberts MS, Grice JE (2018) Minoxidil skin delivery from nanoemulsion formulations containing eucalyptol or oleic acid: enhanced diffusivity and follicular targeting. Pharmaceutics 10(1):19. https://doi.org/10.3390/pharmaceutics10010019
Abd-Elsalam KA, Khokhlov AR (2015) Eugenol oil nanoemulsion: antifungal activity against Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. vasinfectum and phytotoxicity on cottonseeds. Appl Nanosci 5:255–265. https://doi.org/10.1007/s13204-014-0398-y
Abdou ES, Galhoum GF, Mohamed Entsar N (2018) Curcumin loaded nanoemulsions/pectin coatings for refrigerated chicken fillets. Food Hydrocoll 83:445–453. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.foodhyd.2018.05.026
Abu-Fayyad A, Nazzal S (2017) Gemcitabine-vitamin E conjugates: synthesis, characterization, entrapment into nanoemulsions, and in-vitro deamination and antitumor activity. Int J Pharm 528(1–2):463–470. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijpharm.2017.06.031
Abu-Fayyad A, Kamal MM, Carroll JL, Dragoi AM, Cody R, Cardelli J, Nazzal S (2018) Development and in-vitro characterization of nanoemulsions loaded with paclitaxel/γ-tocotrienol lipid conjugates. Int J Pharm 536(1):146–157. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijpharm.2017.11.062
Achari GA, Kowshik M (2018) Recent developments on nanotechnology in agriculture: plant mineral nutrition, health, and interactions with soil microflora. J Agric Food Chem 66(33):8647–8661. https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.jafc.8b00691
Adjonu R, Doran G, Torley P, Agboola S (2014) Whey protein peptides as components of nanoemulsions: a review of emulsifying and biological functionalities. J Food Eng 122:15–27. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jfoodeng.2013.08.034
Afzal SM, Shareef MZ, Dinesh T, Kishan V (2016a) Folate-PEG-decorated docetaxel lipid nanoemulsion for improved antitumor activity. Nanomedicine 11(16):2171–2184. https://doi.org/10.2217/nnm-2016-0120
Afzal SM, Naidu VD, Harishankar N, Kishan V (2016b) Albumin anchored docetaxel lipid nanoemulsion for improved targeting efficiency – preparation, characterization, cytotoxic, antitumor and in vivo imaging studies. Drug Deliv 23(4):1355–1363. https://doi.org/10.3109/10717544.2015.1030715
Afzal SM, Shareef MZ, Kishan V (2016c) Transferrin tagged lipid nanoemulsion of docetaxel for enhanced tumor targeting. J Drug Delivery Sci Technol 36:175–182. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jddst.2016.10.008
Agarwal V, Bajpai M, Sharma A (2018) Patented and approval scenario of nanopharmaceuticals with relevancy to biomedical application, manufacturing procedure and safety aspects. Recent Pat Drug Deliv Formul 12(1):40–52. https://doi.org/10.2174/1872211312666180105114644
Ahmad G, El Sadda R, Botchkina G, Ojima I, Egan J, Amiji M (2017) Nanoemulsion formulation of a novel taxoid DHA-SBT-1214 inhibits prostate cancer stem cell-induced tumor growth. Cancer Lett 406:71–80. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.canlet.2017.08.004
Ahmad N, Alam MA, Ahmad FJ, Sarafroz M, Ansari K, Sharma S, Amir M (2018a) Ultrasonication techniques used for the preparation of novel Eugenol-nanoemulsion in the treatment of wounds healings and anti-inflammatory. J Drug Deliv Sci Technol 46:461–473. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jddst.2018.06.003
Ahmad U, Akhtar J, Singh SP, Badruddeen B, Ahmad FJ, Siddiqui S, Wahajuddin W (2018b) Silymarin nanoemulsion against human hepatocellular carcinoma: development and optimization. Artif Cells Nanomed Biotechnol 46(2):231–241. https://doi.org/10.1080/21691401.2017.1324465
Ahmed M, Smith DM, Hamouda T, Rangel-Moreno J, Fattom A, Khader SA (2017) A novel nanoemulsion vaccine induces mucosal Interleukin-17 responses and confers protection upon Mycobacterium tuberculosis challenge in mice. Vaccine 35(37):4983–4989. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.vaccine.2017.07.073
Akbas E, Soyler UB, Oztop MH (2017) Capsaicin emulsions: formulation and characterization. J Dispers Sci Technol 38(8):1079–1086. https://doi.org/10.1080/01932691.2016.1224717
Akhter S, Anwar M, Siddiqui MA, Ahmad I, Ahmad J, Ahmad MZ, Bhatnagar A, Ahmad FJ (2016) Improving the topical ocular pharmacokinetics of an immunosuppressant agent with mucoadhesive nanoemulsions: formulation development, in-vitro and in-vivo studies. Colloids Surf B Biointerfaces 148:19–29. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.colsurfb.2016.08.048
Aktar MW, Sengupta D, Chowdhury A (2009) Impact of pesticides use in agriculture: their benefits and hazards. Interdiscip Toxicol 2:1–12. https://doi.org/10.2478/v10102-009-0001-7
Alarcon-Alarcon C, Inostroza-Riquelme M, Torres-Gallegos C, Araya C, Miranda M, Sanchez-Caamano JC, Moreno-Villoslada I, Oyarzun-Ampuero FA (2018) Protection of astaxanthin from photodegradation by its inclusion in hierarchically assembled nano and microstructures with potential as food. Food Hydrocoll 83:36–44. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.foodhyd.2018.04.033
Alexandre EMC, Lourenco RV, Bittante AMQB, Moraes ICF, Sobral PJD (2016) Gelatin-based films reinforced with montmorillonite and activated with nanoemulsion of ginger essential oil for food packaging applications. Food Packag Shelf Life 10:87–96. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fpsl.2016.10.004
Al-Halafi AM (2014) Nanocarriers of nanotechnology in retinal diseases. Saudi J Ophthalmol 28(4):304–309. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.sjopt.2014.02.009
Ali EOM, Shakil NA, Rana VS, Sarkar DJ, Majumder S, Kaushik P, Singh BB, Kumar J (2017) Antifungal activity of nano emulsions of neem and citronella oils against phytopathogenic fungi, Rhizoctonia solani and Sclerotium rolfsii. Ind Crop Prod 108:379–387. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.indcrop.2017.06.061
Alkhatib MH, Binsiddiq BM, Backer WS (2017a) In vivo evaluation of the anticancer activity of a water-in-garlic oil nanoemulsion loaded docetaxel. Int J Pharm Sci Rev Res 8(12):5373–5379. https://doi.org/10.13040/IJPSR.0975-8232.8(12).5373-79
Alkhatib MH, Alharbi SA, Mahassni SH (2017b) In vivo evaluation of the anticancer activity of the docetaxel incorporated into nanoemulsion based on orange oil. Pharmacophore 8(6):41–47
Alkhatib MH, Nori DA, Al-Ghamdi MA (2017c) Antitumor activity and hepatotoxicity effect of Sorafenib incorporated into nanoemulsion formulated with flaxseed oil. Int J Biol Pharm Allied Sci 6(1):175–188
Alkhatib MH, Al-Otaibi WA, Wali AN (2018a) Antineoplastic activity of mitomycin C formulated in nanoemulsions-based essential oils on HeLa cervical cancer cells. Chem Biol Interact 291:72–80. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cbi.2018.06.009
Alkhatib MH, Alnahdi NS, Backer WS (2018b) Antitumor activity, hematotoxicity and hepatotoxicity of sorafenib formulated in a nanoemulsions based on the carrot seed oil. Int J Life Sci Biotechnol Pharma Res 8(1):50–57
Al-Otaibi WA, Alkhatib MH, Wali AN (2018) Cytotoxicity and apoptosis enhancement in breast and cervical cancer cells upon coadministration of mitomycin C and essential oils in nanoemulsion formulations. Biomed Pharmacother 106:946–955. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.biopha.2018.07.041
Alvarado HL, Abrego G, Souto EB, Garduno-Ramirez ML, Clares B, Garcia ML, Calpena AC (2015) Nanoemulsions for dermal controlled release of oleanolic and ursolic acids: in vitro, ex vivo and in vivo characterization. Colloids Surf B Biointerfaces 130:40–47. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.colsurfb.2015.03.062
Alzorqi I, Ketabchi MR, Sudheer S, Manickam S (2016) Optimization of ultrasound induced emulsification on the formulation of palm-olein based nanoemulsions for the incorporation of antioxidant β-D-glucan polysaccharides. Ultrason Sonochem 31:71–84. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ultsonch.2015.12.004
Ansaril MJ, Ahmed MM, Anwer MK, Jamil S, Alalaiwe A, Alshetaili AS, Shdefat R, Ali R, Shakeel F (2017) Formulation and characterization of fluconazole loaded oil nanoemulsions. Indo Am J Pharm Sci 4(4):852–860. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.804032
Anton N, Vandamme TF (2011) Nano-emulsions and micro-emulsions: clarifications of the critical differences. Pharm Res 28:978–985. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11095-010-0309-1
Anton N, Akram S, Vandamme F (2018) Transitional nanoemulsification methods. In: Jafari SM, McClements DK (eds) Nanoemulsions formulation, applications, and characterization. AP Academic Press (Elsevier), London, pp 77–100. https://doi.org/10.1016/B978-0-12-811838-2.00004-7
Aqil M, Kamran M, Ahad A, Imam SS (2016) Development of clove oil based nanoemulsion of olmesartan for transdermal delivery: Box-Behnken design optimization and pharmacokinetic evaluation. J Mol Liq 214:238–248. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.molliq.2015.12.077
Arancibia C, Riquelme N, Zuniga R, Matiacevich S (2017) Comparing the effectiveness of natural and synthetic emulsifiers on oxidative and physical stability of avocado oil-based nanoemulsions. Innov Food Sci Emerg Technol 44:159–166. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ifset.2017.06.009
Arbain NH, Salim N, Masoumi HRF, Wong TW, Basri M, Abdul Rahman MB (2018) In vitro evaluation of the inhalable quercetin loaded nanoemulsion for pulmonary delivery. Drug Deliv Transl Res. https://doi.org/10.1007/s13346-018-0509-5
Argenta DF, de Mattos CB, Misturini FD, Koester LS, Bassani VL, Simoes CMO, Teixeira HF (2014) Factorial design applied to the optimization of lipid composition of topical antiherpetic nanoemulsions containing isoflavone genistein. Int J Nanomedicine 9:4737–4747. https://doi.org/10.2147/IJN.S67732
Argenta DF, Bidone J, Misturini FD, Koester LS, Bassani VL, Simoes CMO, Teixeira HF (2016) In vitro evaluation of mucosa permeation/retention and antiherpes activity of genistein from cationic nanoemulsions. J Nanosci Nanotechnol 16(2):1282–1290. https://doi.org/10.1166/jnn.2016.11676
Artiga-Artigas M, Acevedo-Fani A, Martin-Belloso O (2017) Improving the shelf life of low-fat cut cheese using nanoemulsion-based edible coatings containing oregano essential oil and mandarin fiber. Food Control 76:1–12. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.foodcont.2017.01.001
Artiga-Artigas M, Guerra-Rosas MI, Morales-Castro J, Salvia-Trujillo L, Martin-Belloso O (2018) Influence of essential oils and pectin on nanoemulsion formulation: a ternary phase experimental approach. Food Hydrocoll 81:209–219. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.foodhyd.2018.03.001
Assadpour E, Maghsoudlou Y, Jafari SM, Ghorbani M, Aalami M (2016) Evaluation of folic acid nano-encapsulation by double emulsions. Food Bioproc Tech 9(12):2024–2032. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11947-016-1786-y
Attia MF, Dieng SM, Collot M, Klymchenko AS, Bouillot C, Serra CA, Schmutz M, Er-Rafik M, Vandamme TF, Anton N (2017) Functionalizing nanoemulsions with carboxylates: impact on the biodistribution and pharmacokinetics in mice. Macromol Biosci 17(7):1600471. https://doi.org/10.1002/mabi.201600471
Ayoub AM, Ibrahim MM, Abdallah MH, Mandy MA (2016) Sulpiride microemulsions as antipsychotic nasal drug delivery systems: in-vitro and pharmacodynamic study. J Drug Delivery Sci Technol 36:10–22. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jddst.2016.09.002
Back PI, Furtado KR, Nemitz MC, Balestrin LA, Fachel FNS, Gomes HM, Schuh RS, Moreira JC, von Poser GL, Teixeira HF (2018) Skin permeation and oxidative protection effect of soybean isoflavones from topical nanoemulsions – A comparative study of extracts and pure compounds. AAPS PharmSciTech. https://doi.org/10.1208/s12249-018-1133-x
Badawy ME, Saad ASA, Tayeb EHM, Mohammed SA, Abd-Elnabi AD (2017) Optimization and characterization of the formation of oil-in-water diazinon nanoemulsions: modeling and influence of the oil phase, surfactant and sonication. J Environ Sci Health B 52(12):896–911. https://doi.org/10.1080/03601234.2017.1362941
Baghbani F, Mortarzadeh F (2017) Bypassing multidrug resistant ovarian cancer using ultrasound responsive doxorubicin/curcumin co-deliver alginate nanodroplets. Colloids Surf B Biointerfaces 153:132–140. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.colsurfb.2017.01.051
Baghbani F, Chegeni M, Mortarzadeh F, Hadian-Ghazvini S, Raz M (2017) Novel ultrasound-responsive chitosan/perfluorohexane nanodroplets for image-guided smart delivery of an anticancer agent: curcumin. Mater Sci Eng C Mater Biol Appl 74:186–193. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.msec.2016.11.107
Bai L, McClements DJ (2016) Development of microfluidization methods for efficient production of concentrated nanoemulsions: comparison of single- and dual-channel microfluidizers. J Colloid Interface Sci 466:206–212. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jcis.2015.12.039
Bai L, Huan SQ, Gu JY, McClements DJ (2016) Fabrication of oil-in-water nanoemulsions by dual-channel microfluidization using natural emulsifiers: saponins, phospholipids, proteins, and polysaccharides. Food Hydrocoll 61:703–711. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.foodhyd.2016.06.035
Balestrin LA, Bidone J, Bortolin RC, Moresco K, Moreira JC, Teixeira HF (2016) Protective effect of a hydrogel containing Achyrocline satureioides extract-loaded nanoemulsion against UV-induced skin damage. J Photochem Photobiol B 163:269–276. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jphotobiol.2016.08.039
Barradas TN, Senna JP, Cardoso SA, Nicoli S, Padula C, Santi P, Rossi F, Silva KGDE, Mansur CRE (2017) Hydrogel-thickened nanoemulsions based on essential oils for topical delivery of psoralen: permeation and stability studies. Eur J Pharm Biopharm 116:38–50. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ejpb.2016.11.018
Bhattacharyya A, Duraisamy P, Govindarajan M, Buhroo AA, Prasad R (2016) Nano-biofungicides: emerging trend in insect pest control. In: Prasad R (ed) Advances and applications through fungal nanobiotechnology. Springer, Cham, pp 307–319
Bhushan B, Luo D, Schricker SR, Sigmund W, Zauscher S (eds) (2014) Handbook of nanomaterials properties. Springer, Berlin-Heidelberg
Bonferoni MC, Riva F, Invernizzi A, Dellera E, Sandri G, Rossi S, Marrubini G, Bruni G, Vigani B, Caramella C, Ferrari F (2018) Alpha tocopherol loaded chitosan oleate nanoemulsions for wound healing. Evaluation on cell lines and ex vivo human biopsies, and stabilization in spray dried Trojan microparticles. Eur J Pharm Biopharm 123:31–41. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ejpb.2017.11.008
Bovi GG, Petrus RR, Pinho SC (2017) Feasibility of incorporating buriti (Mauritia flexuosa L.) oil nanoemulsions in isotonic sports drink. Int J Food Sci Technol 52(10):2201–2209. https://doi.org/10.1111/ijfs.13499
Brownlow B, Nagaraj VJ, Nayel A, Joshi M, Elbayoumi T (2015) Development and in vitro evaluation of vitamin E-enriched nanoemulsion vehicles loaded with genistein for chemoprevention against UVB-induced skin damage. J Pharm Sci 104(10):3510–3523. https://doi.org/10.1002/jps.24547
Camara ALD, Nagel G, Tschiche HR, Cardador CM, Muehlmann LA, de Oliveira DM, Alvim PQ, Azevedo RB, Calderon M, Longo JPF (2017) Acid-sensitive lipidated doxorubicin prodrug entrapped in nanoemulsion impairs lung tumor metastasis in a breast cancer model. Nanomedicine 12(15):1751–1765. https://doi.org/10.2217/nnm-2017-0091
Campos EVR, de Oliveira JL, Pascoli M, Lima R, Fraceto LF (2016) Neem oil and crop protection: from now to the future. Front Plant Sci 7:1494. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpls.2016.01494
Campos EVR, Proença PLF, Oliveira JL, Bakshi M, Abhilash PC, Fraceto LF (2018) Use of botanical insecticides for sustainable agriculture: future perspectives. Ecol Indic. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ecolind.2018.04.038
Carvalho VFM, Migotto A, Giacone DV, de Lemos DP, Zanoni TB, Maria-Engler SS, Costa-Lotufo LV, Lopes LB (2017) Co-encapsulation of paclitaxel and C6 ceramide in tributyrin-containing nanocarriers improve co-localization in the skin and potentiate cytotoxic effects in 2D and 3D models. Eur J Pharm 109:131–143. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ejps.2017.07.023
Chang YH, McLandsborough L, McClements DJ (2012) Physical properties and antimicrobial efficacy of thyme oil nanoemulsions: influence of ripening inhibitors. J Agric Food Chem 60(48):12056–12063. https://doi.org/10.1021/jf304045a
Chellaram C, Murugaboopathi G, John AA, Sivakumar R, Ganesan S, Krithika S, Priya G (2014) Significance of nanotechnology in food industry. APCBEE Procedia 8:109–113. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apcbee.2014.03.010
Cheong AM, Nyam KL (2016) Improvement of physical stability of kenaf seed oil-in-water nanoemulsions by addition of β-cyclodextrin to primary emulsion containing sodium caseinate and Tween 20. J Food Eng 183:24–31. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jfoodeng.2016.03.012
Cheong AM, Tan CP, Nyam KL (2016) In vitro evaluation of the structural and bioaccessibility of kenaf seed oil nanoemulsions stabilised by binary emulsifiers and β-cyclodextrin complexes. J Food Eng 189:90–98. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jfoodeng.2016.06.002
Chin CP, Lan CW, Wu HS (2012) Application of biodiesel as carrier for insecticide emulsifiable concentrate formulation. J Taiwan Inst Chem Eng 43:578–584. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jtice.2012.02.003
Choudhury H, Gorain B, Pandey M, Chatterjee LA, Sengupta P, Das A, Molugulu N, Kesharwani P (2017) Recent update on nanoemulgel as topical drug delivery system. J Pharm Sci 106(7):1736–1751. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.xphs.2017.03.042
Choupanian M, Omar D, Basri M, Asib N (2017) Preparation and characterization of neem oil nanoemulsion formulations against Sitophilus oryzae and Tribolium castaneum adults. J Pest Sci 42:158–165. https://doi.org/10.1584/jpestics.D17-032
Ciocci M, Iorio E, Carotenuto F, Khashoggi HA, Nanni F, Melino S (2016) H2S-releasing nanoemulsions: a new formulation to inhibit tumor cells proliferation and improve tissue repair. Oncotarget 7(51):84338–84358. https://doi.org/10.18632/oncotarget.12609
Cordoba JPL, Sobral PJA (2017) Physical and antioxidant properties of films based on gelatin, gelatin-chitosan or gelatin-sodium caseinate blends loaded with nanoemulsified active compounds. J Food Eng 213:47–53. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jfoodeng.2017.05.023
Dammak I, de Carvalho RA, Trindade CSF, Lourenco RV, Sobral PJD (2017) Properties of active gelatin films incorporated with rutin-loaded nanoemulsions. Int J Biol Macromol 98:39–49. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2017.01.094
de Matos RPA, Calmon MF, Amantino CF, Villa LL, Primo FL, Tedesco AC, Rahal P (2018) Effect of curcumin-nanoemulsion associated with photodynamic therapy in cervical carcinoma cell lines. Biomed Res Int 2018:4057959. https://doi.org/10.1155/2018/4057959
de Souza ML, Oliveira DD, Pereira NP, Soares DM (2018) Nanoemulsions and dermatological diseases: contributions and therapeutic advances. Int J Dermatol 57(8):894–900. https://doi.org/10.1111/ijd.14028
Díaz-Blancas V, Medina D, Padilla-Ortega E, Bortolini-Zavala R, Olvera-Romero M, Luna-Bárcenas G (2016) Nanoemulsion formulations of fungicide Tebuconazole for agricultural applications. Molecules 21:1271. https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules21101271
Dolez PI (2015) Nanoengineering: global approaches to health and safety issues. Elsevier, Amsterdam
Donsi F, Ferrari G (2016) Essential oil nanoemulsions as antimicrobial agents in food. J Biotechnol 233:106–120. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jbiotec.2016.07.005
Donsi F, Marchese E, Maresca P, Pataro G, Vu DK, Salmieri S, Lacroix M, Ferrari G (2015) Green beans preservation by combination of a modified chitosan based-coating containing nanoemulsion of mandarin essential oil with high pressure or pulsed light processing. Postharvest Biol Technol 106:21–32. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.postharvbio.2015.02.006
Doost AS, Devlieghere F, Dirckx A, Van der Meeren P (2018) Fabrication of Origanum compactum essential oil nanoemulsions stabilized using Quillaja Saponin biosurfactant. J Food Process Preserv 42(7):e13668. https://doi.org/10.1111/jfpp.13668
Du Z, Wang C, Tai X, Wang GY, Liu XY (2016) Optimization and characterization of biocompatible oil-in-water nanoemulsion for pesticide delivery. ACS Sustain Chem Eng 4(3):983–991. https://doi.org/10.1021/acssuschemeng.5b01058
Esquerdo VM, Silva PP, Dotto GL, Pinto LAA (2018) Nanoemulsions from unsaturated fatty acids concentrates of carp oil using chitosan, gelatin, and their blends as wall materials. Eur J Lipid Sci Technol 120(2):1700240. https://doi.org/10.1002/ejlt.201700240
Fachel FNS, Medeiros-Neves B, Dal Pra M, Schuh RS, Veras KS, Bassani VL, Koester LS, Henriques AT, Braganhol E, Teixeira HF (2018) Box-Behnken design optimization of mucoadhesive chitosan-coated nanoemulsions for rosmarinic acid nasal delivery-In vitro studies. Carbohydr Polym 199:572–582. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.carbpol.2018.07.054
Feng J, Shi Y, Yu Q, Sun CC, Yang GT (2016) Effect of emulsifying process on stability of pesticide nanoemulsions. Colloids Surf A Physicochem Eng Asp 497:286–292. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.colsurfa.2016.03.024
Fernandes CP, de Almeida FB, Silveira AN, Gonzalez MS, Mello CB, Feder D, Apolinário R, Santos MG, Carvalho JC, Tietbohl LA, Rocha L, Falcão DQ (2014) Development of an insecticidal nanoemulsion with Manilkara subsericea (Sapotaceae) extract. J Nanobiotechnol 12:22. https://doi.org/10.1186/1477-3155-12-22
Fountain ED, Wratten SD (2013) Conservation biological control and biopesticides in agricultural. In: Reference module in earth systems and environmental sciences. Elsevier, Amsterdam. https://doi.org/10.1016/B978-0-12-409548-9.00539-X
Furtado CDM, de Faria FSEV, Azevedo RB, Py-Daniel K, Camara ALD, da Silva JR, Oliveira ED, Rodriguez AFR, Degterev IA (2017) Tectona grandis leaf extract, free and associated with nanoemulsions, as a possible photosensitizer of mouse melanoma B16 cell. J Photochem Photobiol B 167:242–248. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jphotobiol.2017.01.004
Gadkari PV, Shashidhar MG, Balaraman M (2017) Delivery of green tea catechins through oil-in-water (O/W) nanoemulsion and assessment of storage stability. J Food Eng 99:65–76. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jfoodeng.2016.12.009
Gallarate M, Chirio D, Bussano R, Peira E, Battaglia L, Baratta F, Trotta M (2013) Development of O/W nanoemulsions for ophthalmic administration of timolol. Int J Pharm 440(2):126–134. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijpharm.2012.10.015
Ganta S, Talekar M, Singh A, Coleman TP, Amiji MM (2014) Nanoemulsions in translational research-opportunities and challenges in targeted cancer therapy. AAPS PharmSciTech 15(3):694–708. https://doi.org/10.1208/s12249-014-0088-9
Ganta S, Singh A, Rawal Y, Cacaccio J, Patel NR, Kulkarni P, Ferris CF, Amiji MM, Coleman TP (2016) Formulation development of a novel targeted theranostic nanoemulsion of docetaxel to overcome multidrug resistance in ovarian cancer. Drug Deliv 23(3):968–980. https://doi.org/10.3109/10717544.2014.923068
Gao YY, Cheng XJ, Wang ZG, Wang J, Gao TT, Li P, Kong M, Chen XG (2014) Transdermal delivery of 10,11-methylenedioxycamptothecin by hyaluronic acid based nanoemulsion for inhibition of keloid fibroblast. Carbohydr Polym 112:376–386. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.carbpol.2014.05.026
Gardesh ASK, Badii F, Hashemi M, Ardakani AY, Maftoonazad N, Gorji AM (2016) Effect of nanochitosan based coating on climacteric behavior and postharvest shelf-life extension of apple cv. Golab Kohanz. LWT-Food Sci Technol 70:33–40. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.lwt.2016.02.002
Geng TY, Xu C, Xu GH (2016) Albumin conjugated lipid nanoemulsion for site specific delivery of rapamycin at inflammatory site of spinal cord injury. Int J Clin Exp Med 9(11):21028–21037. https://doi.org/10.1208/s12249-017-0867-1
Gharibzahedi SMT (2017) Ultrasound-mediated nettle oil nanoemulsions stabilized by purified jujube polysaccharide: process optimization, microbial evaluation and physicochemical storage stability. J Mol Liq 234:240–248. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.molliq.2017.03.094
Ghosh V, Mukherjee A, Chandrasekaran N (2013) Ultrasonic emulsification of food-grade nanoemulsion formulation and evaluation of its bactericidal activity. Ultrason Sonochem 20(1):338–344. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ultsonch.2012.08.010
Gupta A, Eral HB, Hatton TA, Doyle PS (2016) Nanoemulsions: formation, properties and applications. Soft Matter 12(11):2826–2841. https://doi.org/10.1039/c5sm02958a
Habibi K, Sepehri H, Delphi L, Mirjalili MH, Rafati H (2017) Design and production of methyl jasmonate nanoemulsions using experimental design technique and evaluation of its anti-cancer efficacy. Pharmazie 72(11):652–662. https://doi.org/10.1691/ph.2017.7078
Hadžiabdić J, Orman D, Elezović A, Vranić E, Rahić O (2017) Preparation of nanoemulsions by high-energy and low-energy emulsification methods. In: Badnjevic A (ed) CMBEBIH 2017, IFMBE proceedings 62, Springer Nature Singapore Pte Ltd, pp 317−322. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-10-4166-2_48
Håkansson A, Rayner M (2018) General principles of nanoemulsion formation by high-energy mechanical methods. In: Jafari SM, McClements DK (eds) Nanoemulsions formulation, applications, and characterization, vol 103. AP Academic Press (Elsevier), London, p 139. https://doi.org/10.1016/B978-0-12-811838-2.00005-9
Haron DEM, Chik Z, Noordin MI, Mohamed Z (2015) In vitro and in vivo evaluation of a novel testosterone transdermal delivery system (TTDS) using palm oil base. Iran J Basic Med Sci 18(12):1167–1175
Harwansh RK, Patra KC, Pareta SK, Singh J, Rahman MA (2011) Nanoemulsions as vehicles for transdermal delivery of glycyrrhizin. Braz J Pharm Sci 47(4):769–778. https://doi.org/10.1590/S1984-82502011000400014
Harwansh RK, Mukherjee PK, Kar A, Bahadur S, Al-Dhabi NA, Duraipandiyan V (2016) Enhancement of photoprotection potential of catechin loaded nanoemulsion gel against UVA induced oxidative stress. J Photochem Photobiol B 160:318–329. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jphotobiol.2016.03.026
Hashem AS, Awadalla SS, Zayed GM, Maggi F, Benelli G (2018) Pimpinella anisum essential oil nanoemulsions against Tribolium castaneum—insecticidal activity and mode of action. Environ Sci Pollut Res 25(19):18802–18812. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11356-018-2068-1
Hayles J, Johnson L, Worthley C, Losic D (2017) Nanopesticides: a review of current research and perspectives. In: Grumezescu AM (ed) New pesticides and soil sensors in nanotechnology in the agri-food industry, vol 10. Elsevier, London, pp 193–225
Hazra DK, Karmakar R, Poi R, Bhattacharya S, Mondal S (2017) Recent advances in pesticide formulations for eco-friendly and sustainable vegetable pest management: a review. Arch Agric Environ Sci 2(3):232–237. https://doi.org/10.13140/rg.2.2.30036.91527
Hazrati H, Saharkhiz MJ, Niakousari M, Moein M (2017) Natural herbicide activity of Satureja hortensis L. essential oil nanoemulsion on the seed germination and morphophysiological features of two important weed species. Ecotox Environ Saf 142:423–430. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ecoenv.2017.04.041
Hemraj C (2017) Nanopesticide: current status and future possibilities. ARTOAJ 5(1):555651. https://doi.org/10.19080/ARTOAJ.2017.05.555651
Hernandez-Hernandez E, Lira-Moreno CY, Guerrero-Legarreta I, Wild-Padua G, Di Pierro P, Garcia-Almendarez BE, Regalado-Gonzalez C (2017) Effect of nanoemulsified and microencapsulated Mexican oregano (Lippia graveolens Kunth) essential oil coatings on quality of fresh pork meat. J Food Sci 82(6):1423–1432. https://doi.org/10.1111/1750-3841.13728
Hong L, Zhou CL, Chen FP, Han D, Wang CY, Li JX, Chi Z, Liu CG (2017) Development of a carboxymethyl chitosan functionalized nanoemulsion formulation for increasing aqueous solubility, stability and skin permeability of astaxanthin using low-energy method. J Microencapsul 34(8):707–721. https://doi.org/10.1080/02652048.2017.1373154
Hou L, Liu Q, Shen LM, Liu Y, Zhang XQ, Chen FQ, Huang L (2018) Nano-delivery of fraxinellone remodels tumor microenvironment and facilitates therapeutic vaccination in desmoplastic melanoma. Theranostics 8(14):3781–3796. https://doi.org/10.7150/thno.24821
Huang ZH, Xu LQ, Zhu XM, Hu JN, Peng HL, Zeng ZL, Xiong H (2017) Stability and bioaccessibility of fucoxanthin in nanoemulsions prepared from pinolenic acid-contained structured lipid. Int J Food Eng 13(1):20160273. https://doi.org/10.1515/ijfe-2016-0273
Huang J, Wang Q, Li T, Xia N, Xia Q (2018) Multilayer emulsions as a strategy for linseed oil and α-lipoic acid micro-encapsulation: study on preparation and in vitro characterization. J Sci Food Agric 98(9):3513–3523. https://doi.org/10.1002/jsfa.8870
Hwang JY, Ha HK, Lee MR, Kim JW, Kim HJ, Lee WJ (2017) Physicochemical property and oxidative stability of whey protein concentrate multiple nanoemulsion containing fish oil. J Food Sci 82(2):437–444. https://doi.org/10.1111/1750-3841.13591
Iqbal B, Ali J, Baboota S (2018) Recent advances and development in epidermal and dermal drug deposition enhancement technology. Int J Dermatol 57(6):646–660. https://doi.org/10.1111/ijd.13902
Jaiswal M, Dudhe R, Sharma PK (2015) Nanoemulsion: an advanced mode of drug delivery system. 3 Biotech 5:123–127. https://doi.org/10.1007/s13205-014-0214-0
Jampílek J, Brychtová K (2012) Azone analogues: classification, design, and transdermal penetration principles. Med Res Rev 32(5):907–947. https://doi.org/10.1002/med.20227
Jampílek J, Kráľová K (2015) Application of nanotechnology in agriculture and food industry, its prospects and risks. Ecol Chem Eng S 22(3):321–361. https://doi.org/10.1515/eces-2015-0018
Jampílek J, Kráľová K (2017a) Nanopesticides: preparation, targeting and controlled release. In: Grumezescu AM (ed) New pesticides and soil sensors in nanotechnology in the agri-food industry, vol 10. Elsevier, London, pp 81–127. https://doi.org/10.1016/B978-0-12-804299-1.00004-7
Jampílek J, Kráľová K (2017b) Nano-antimicrobials: activity, benefits and weaknesses. In: Ficai A, Grumezescu AM (eds) Nanostructures in therapeutic medicine, vol. 2 – Nanostructures for antimicrobial therapy. Elsevier, Amsterdam, pp 23–54. https://doi.org/10.1016/B978-0-323-46152-8.00002-0
Jampílek J, Kráľová K (2017c) Nanomaterials for delivery of nutrients and growth-promoting compounds to plants. In: Prasad R, Kumar M, Kumar V (eds) Nanotechnology: an agricultural paradigm, Springer, pp 177–226. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-10-4573-8_9
Jampílek J, Kráľová K (2018a) Application of nanobioformulations for controlled release and targeted biodistribution of drugs. In: Sharma AK, Keservani RK, Kesharwani RK (eds) Nanobiomaterials: applications in drug delivery. Apple Academic Press & CRC Press, Warentown, pp 131–208.
Jampílek J, Kráľová K (2018b) Nanomaterials applicable in food protection. In: Rai RV, Bai JA (eds) Nanotechnology applications in food industry. CRC Press/Taylor & Francis Group, Boca Raton, pp 75–96.
Jampílek J, Kráľová K (2018c) Benefits and potential risks of nanotechnology applications in crop protection. In: Abd-Elsalam K, Prasad R (eds) Nanobiotechnology applications in plant protection. Springer, Cham, pp 189–246. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-91161-8_8
Jampílek J, Kráľová K (2019a) Nano-biopesticides in agriculture: state of art and future opportunities. In: Koul O (ed) Nano-biopesticides today and future perspectives. Academic Press & Elsevier, Amsterdam, pp 397–447.
Jampílek J, Kráľová K (2019b) Recent advances in lipid nanocarriers applicable in the fight against cancer. In: Grumezescu AM (ed) Nanoarchitectonics in biomedicine – recent progress of nanoarchitectonics in biomedical science. Elsevier, Amsterdam, pp 219–294.
Jampílek J, Kráľová K (2019c) Natural biopolymeric nanoformulations for brain drug delivery. In: Keservani RK, Sharma AK, Kesharwani RK (eds) Nanocariers for brain targeting. Principles and applications. Apple Academic Press & CRC Press, Warentown, in press. http://appleacademicpress.com/nanocarriers-for-brain-targeting-principles-and-applications/9781771887304
Jampílek J, Záruba K, Oravec M, Kuneš M, Babula P, Ulbrich P, Breyinová I, Tříska J, Suchý P (2015) Preparation of silica nanoparticles loaded with nootropics and their in vivo permeation through blood–brain barrier. Biomed Res Int 2015:812673
Jo YJ, Kwon YJ (2014) Characterization of β-carotene nanoemulsions prepared by microfluidization technique. Food Sci Biotechnol 23(1):107–113. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10068-014-0014-7
Jo WS, Song HY, Song NB, Lee JH, Min SC, Song KB (2014) Quality and microbial safety of ‘Fuji’ apples coated with carnauba-shellac wax containing lemongrass oil. LWT-Food Sci Technol 55(2):490–497. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.lwt.2013.10.034
Joung HJ, Choi MJ, Kim JT, Park SH, Park HJ, Shin GH (2016) Food beverage system: antioxidant property and in vitro digestion. J Food Sci 81(3):N745–N753. https://doi.org/10.1111/1750-3841.13224
Kaci M, Belhaffef A, Meziane S, Dostert G, Menu P, Velot E, Desobry S, Arab-Tehrany E (2018) Nanoemulsions and topical creams for the safe and effective delivery of lipophilic antioxidant coenzyme Q10. Colloids Surf B Biointerfaces 167:165–175. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.colsurfb.2018.04.010
Kah M, Walch H, Hofmann T (2018) Environmental fate of nanopesticides: durability, sorption and photodegradation of nanoformulated clothianidin. Environ Sci Nano 5(4):882–889. https://doi.org/10.1039/C8EN00038G
Katzer T, Chaves P, Bernardi A, Pohlmann AR, Guterres SS, Beck RCR (2014) Castor oil and mineral oil nanoemulsion: development and compatibility with a soft contact lens. Pharm Dev Technol 19(2):232–237. https://doi.org/10.3109/10837450.2013.769569
Kaur K, Kumar R, Mehta SK (2016) Formulation of saponin stabilized nanoemulsion by ultrasonic method and its role to protect the degradation of quercitin from UV light. Ultrason Sonochem 31:29–38. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ultsonch.2015.11.017
Kaur K, Kaur J, Kumar R, Mehta SK (2017) Formulation and physiochemical study of α-tocopherol based oil in water nanoemulsion stabilized with non toxic, biodegradable surfactant: sodium stearoyl lactate. Ultrason Sonochem 38:570–578. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ultsonch.2016.08.026
Khan I, Bahuguna A, Bhardwaj M, Pal Khaket T, Kang SC (2018) Carvacrol nanoemulsion evokes cell cycle arrest, apoptosis induction and autophagy inhibition in doxorubicin resistant-A549 cell line. Artif Cells Nanomed Biotechnol. https://doi.org/10.1080/21691401.2018.1434187
Kim JE, Park YJ (2017a) Improved antitumor efficacy of hyaluronic acid-complexed paclitaxel nanoemulsions in treating non-small cell lung cancer. Biomol Ther 25(4):411–416. https://doi.org/10.4062/biomolther.2016.261
Kim JE, Park YJ (2017b) High paclitaxel-loaded and tumor cell-targeting hyaluronan-coated nanoemulsions. Colloids Surf B Biointerfaces 150:362–372. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.colsurfb.2016.10.050
Kim IH, Lee H, Kim JE, Song KB, Lee YS, Chung DS, Min SC (2013) Plum coatings of lemongrass oil-incorporating carnauba wax-based nanoemulsion. J Food Sci 78(10):E1551–E1559. https://doi.org/10.1111/1750-3841.12244
Kim JH, Ko JA, Kim JT, Cha DS, Cho JH, Park HJ, Shin GH (2014a) Preparation of a capsaicin-loaded nanoemulsion for improving skin penetration. J Agric Food Chem 62(3):725–732. https://doi.org/10.1021/jf404220n
Kim IH, Oh YA, Lee H, Bin Song K, Min SC (2014b) Grape berry coatings of lemongrass oil-incorporating nanoemulsion. LWT-Food Sci Technol 58(1):1–10. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.lwt.2014.03.018
Knowles A (2008) Recent developments of safer formulations of agrochemicals. Environmentalist 28:35–44. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10669-007-9045-4
Komaiko J, McClements DJ (2015) Low-energy formation of edible nanoemulsions by spontaneous emulsification: factors influencing particle size. J Food Eng 146:122–128. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jfoodeng.2014.09.003
Kumar M, Misra A, Pathak K (2009) Formulation and characterization of nanoemulsion of olanzapine for intranasal delivery. PDA J Pharm Sci Technol 63(6):501–511.
Kumar D, Ali J, Baboota S (2016) Omega 3 fatty acid-enriched nanoemulsion of thiocolchicoside for transdermal delivery: formulation, characterization and absorption studies. Drug Deliv 23(2):591–600. https://doi.org/10.3109/10717544.2014.916764
Kumari S, Kumaraswamy RV, Choudhary RC, Sharma SS, Pal A, Raliya R, Biswas P, Saharan V (2018) Thymol nanoemulsion exhibits potential antibacterial activity against bacterial pustule disease and growth promotory effect on soybean. Sci Rep 8:6650. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-018-24871-5
Lalu L, Tambe V, Pradhan D, Nayak K, Bagchi S, Maheshwari R, Kalia K, Tekade RK (2017) Novel nanosystems for the treatment of ocular inflammation: current paradigms and future research directions. J Control Release 268:19–39. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jconrel.2017.07.035
Le Kim TH, Jun H, Kim JH, Park K, Kim JS, Nam YS (2017) Lipiodol nanoemulsions stabilized with polyglycerol-polycaprolactone block copolymers for theranostic applications. Biomater Res 21:21. https://doi.org/10.1186/s40824-017-0108-4
Lee WD, Liang YJ, Chen BH (2016) Effects of tanshinone nanoemulsion and extract on inhibition of lung cancer cells A549. Nanotechnology 27(49):495101. https://doi.org/10.1088/0957-4484/27/49/495101
Leng P, Zhang Z, Li Q, Zhao M, Pan G (2014) Microemulsion formulation of carbendazim and its in vitro antifungal activities evaluation. PLoS One 9:e109580. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0109580
Li M, Zhu LF, Liu BM, Du LN, Jia XD, Han L, Jin YG (2016a) Tea tree oil nanoemulsions for inhalation therapies of bacterial and fungal pneumonia. Colloids Surf B Biointerfaces 141:408–416. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.colsurfb.2016.02.017
Li X, Mueller RH, Keck CM, Bou-Chacra NA (2016b) Mucoadhesive dexamethasone acetate-polymyxin B sulfate cationic ocular nanoemulsion – novel combinatorial formulation concept. Pharmazie 71(6):327-333. https://doi.org/10.1691/ph.2016.5190
Li YC, Zhong G, Meng FB, Yu H, Liu DY, Peng LX (2018) Konjac glucomannan octenyl succinate (KGOS) as an emulsifier for lipophilic bioactive nutrient encapsulation. J Sci Food Agric. https://doi.org/10.1002/jsfa.9122
Lim CJ, Basri M, Omar D, Abdul Rahman MB, Salleh AB, Raja Abdul Rahman RN (2013) Green nanoemulsion-laden glyphosate isopropylamine formulation in suppressing creeping foxglove (A. gangetica), slender button weed (D. ocimifolia) and buffalo grass (P. conjugatum): glyphosate isopropylamine formulation for suppressing various weed species. Pest Manag Sci 69:104–111. https://doi.org/10.1002/ps.3371
Lim C, Kim DW, Sim T, Hoang NH, Lee JW, Lee ES, Youn YS, Oh KT (2016) Preparation and characterization of a lutein loading nanoemulsion system for ophthalmic eye drops. J Drug Delivery Sci Technol 36:168–174. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jddst.2016.10.009
Liu CH, Huang HY (2012) Antimicrobial activity of curcumin-loaded myristic acid microemulsions against Staphylococcus epidermidis. Chem Pharm Bull 60(9):1118–1124. https://doi.org/10.1248/cpb.c12-00220
Liu Y, Wei F, Wang Y, Zhu G (2011) Studies on the formation of bifenthrin oil-in-water nano-emulsions prepared with mixed surfactants. Colloids Surf A Physicochem Eng Asp 389:90–96. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.colsurfa.2011.08.045
Liu CH, Lai KY, Wu WC, Chen YJ, Lee WS, Hsu CY (2015a) In vitro scleral lutein distribution by cyclodextrin containing nanoemulsions. Chem Pharm Bull 63(2):59–67. https://doi.org/10.1248/cpb.c14-00318
Liu YQ, Hou ZQ, Yang J, Gao YX (2015b) Effects of antioxidants on the stability of β-carotene in O/W emulsions stabilized by gum arabic. J Food Sci Tech-Mys 52(6):3300–3311. https://doi.org/10.1007/s13197-014-1380-0
Liu XJ, McClements DJ, Cao Y, Xiao H (2016) Chemical and physical stability of astaxanthin-enriched emulsion-based delivery systems. Food Biophys 11(3):302–310. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11483-016-9443-6
Liu Y, Yu XM, Sun RJ, Pan XL (2017) Folate-functionalized lipid nanoemulsion to deliver chemo-radiotherapeutics together for the effective treatment of nasopharyngeal carcinoma. AAPS PharmSciTech 18(4):1374–1381. https://doi.org/10.1208/s12249-016-0595-y
Liu LY, Jin Z, Wang M, Shen WY, Zhu ZZ, Wang Z, Liu LL (2018) W/O nano-emulsions with olive leaf phenolics improved oxidative stability of Sacha Inchi oil. Eur J Lipid Sci Technol 120(5):1700471. https://doi.org/10.1002/ejlt.201700471
Lucca LG, de Matos SP, de Mattos CB, Teixeira HF, Limberger RP, Veiga VF, de Araujo BV, Koester LS (2017) Nanoemulsification potentiates in vivo antiedematogenic effect of copaiba oil. J Biomed Nanotechnol 13(5):583–590. https://doi.org/10.1166/jbn.2017.2366
Lucca LG, de Matos SP, Kreutz T, Teixeira HF, Veiga VF, de Araujo BV, Limberger RP, Koester LS (2018) Anti-inflammatory effect from a hydrogel containing nanoemulsified copaiba oil (Copaifera multijuga Hayne). AAPS PharmSciTech 19(2):522–530. https://doi.org/10.1208/s12249-017-0862-6
Ma PH, Zeng QH, Tai KD, He XY, Yao YY, Hong XF, Yuan F (2017) Preparation of curcumin-loaded emulsion using high pressure homogenization: impact of oil phase and concentration on physicochemical stability. LWT-Food Sci Techol 84:34–46. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.lwt.2017.04.074
Malhotra BD, Srivastava S, Ali MA, Singh C (2014) Nanomaterial-based biosensors for food toxin detection. Appl Biochem Biotechnol 174:880–896. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12010-014-0993-0
Marei GIK, Rabea EI, Badawy MEI (2018) Preparation and characterizations of chitosan/citral nanoemulsions and their antimicrobial activity. Appl Food Biotechnol 5(2):69–78. https://doi.org/10.22037/afb.v5i2.19005
Mate J, Periago PM, Palop A (2016) When nanoemulsified, d-limonene reduces Listeria monocytogenes heat resistance about one hundred times. Food Control 59:824–828. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.foodcont.2015.07.020
McClements DJ (2012) Nanoemulsions versus microemulsions: terminology, differences, and similarities. Soft Matter 8:1719–1729. https://doi.org/10.1039/C2SM06903B
McClements DJ (2013) Edible lipid nanoparticles: digestion, absorption, and potential toxicity. Prog Lipid Res 52(4):409–423. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.plipres.2013.04.008
McClements DJ, Gumus CE (2016) Natural emulsifiers – Biosurfactants, phospholipids, biopolymers, and colloidal particles: molecular and physicochemical basis of functional performance. Adv Colloid Interf Sci 234:3–26. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cis.2016.03.002
McClements DJ, Xiao H (2012) Potential biological fate of ingested nanoemulsions: influence of particle characteristics. Food Funct 3(3):202–220. https://doi.org/10.1039/c1fo10193e
Meghani N, Patel P, Kansara K, Ranjan S, Dasgupta N, Ramalingam C, Kumar A (2018) Formulation of vitamin D encapsulated cinnamon oil nanoemulsion: its potential anti-cancerous activity in human alveolar carcinoma cells. Colloids Surf B Biointerfaces 166:349–357. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.colsurfb.2018.03.041
Mendes C, Buttchevitz A, Kruger JH, Caon T, Benedet PO, Lemos-Senna EMT, Silva MAS (2017) Chitosan microencapsulation of the dispersed phase of an O/W nanoemulsion to hydrochlorothiazide delivery. J Microencapsul 34(7):611–622. https://doi.org/10.1080/02652048.2017.1373155
Meng LH, Xia XJ, Yang YF, Ye J, Dong WJ, Ma PP, Jin YQ, Liu YL (2016) Co-encapsulation of paclitaxel and baicalein in nanoemulsions to overcome multidrug resistance via oxidative stress augmentation and P-glycoprotein inhibition. Int J Pharm 513(1–2):8–16. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijpharm.2016.09.001
Migotto A, Carvalho VFM, Salata GC, da Silva FWM, Yan CYI, Ishida K, Costa-Lotufo LV, Steiner AA, Lopes LB (2018) Multifunctional nanoemulsions for intraductal delivery as a new platform for local treatment of breast cancer. Drug Deliv 25(1):654–667. https://doi.org/10.1080/10717544.2018.1440665
Mihindukulasuriya SDF, Lim LT (2014) Nanotechnology development in food packaging: a review. Trends Food Sci Tech 40:149–167. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tifs.2014.09.009
Minz S, Pandey RS (2018) Development of adjuvanted solid fat nanoemulsions for pulmonary hepatitis B vaccination. J Pharm Sci 107(6):1701–1712. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.xphs.2018.02.007
Moghimi R, Aliahmadi A, Rafati H (2017) Ultrasonic nanoemulsification of food grade trans-cinnamaldehyde: 1,8-Cineol and investigation of the mechanism of antibacterial activity. Ultrason Sonochem 35(Part A):415–421. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ultsonch.2016.10.020
Moghimipour E, Salimi A, Yousefvand T (2017) Preparation and evaluation of celecoxib nanoemulsion for ocular drug delivery. Asian J Pharm 11(3):S543–S550
Monge-Fuentes V, Muehlmann LA, Longo JPF, Silva JR, Fascineli ML, de Souza P, Faria F, Degterev IA, Rodriguez A, Carneiro FP, Lucci CM, Escobar P, Amorim RF, Azevedo RB (2017) Photodynamic therapy mediated by acai oil (Euterpe oleracea Martius) in nanoemulsion: a potential treatment for melanoma. J Photochem Photobiol B 166:301–310. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jphotobiol.2016.12.002
Morsi N, Ibrahim M, Refai H, El Sorogy H (2017) Nanoemulsion-based electrolyte triggered in situ gel for ocular delivery of acetazolamide. Eur J Pharm Sci 104:302–314. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ejps.2017.04.013
Mossa ATH, Abdelfatta NAH, Mohafrash SMM (2017) Nanoemulsion of camphor (Eucalyptus globulus) essential oil, formulation, characterization and insecticidal activity against wheat weevil, Sitophilus granarius. Asian J Crop Sci 9:50–62. https://doi.org/10.3923/ajcs.2017.50.62
Mostafa DM, Abd El-Alim SH, Asfour MH, Al-Okbi SY, Mohamed DA, Awad G (2015a) Transdermal nanoemulsions of Foeniculum vulgare Mill. essential oil: preparation, characterization and evaluation of antidiabetic potential. J Drug Delivery Sci Technol 29:99–106. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jddst.2015.06.021
Mostafa DM, Kassem AA, Asfour MH, Al Okbi SY, Mohamed DA, Hamed TES (2015b) Transdermal cumin essential oil nanoemulsions with potent antioxidant and hepatoprotective activities: in-vitro and in-vivo evaluation. J Mol Liq 212:6–15. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.molliq.2015.08.047
Mungure TE, Roohinejad S, Bekhit AE, Greiner R, Mallikarjunan K (2018) Potential application of pectin for the stabilization of nanoemulsions. Curr Opin Food Sci 19:72–76. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cofs.2018.01.011
Nam E, Yoo S, Kim HY, Kim YR, Heo YJ (2018) Transdermal water-in-oil nanocarriers of nitric oxide for triggering penile erection. Sci Rep 8:7312. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-018-25786-x
Nash JJ, Erk KA (2017) Stability and interfacial viscoelasticity of oil-water nanoemulsions stabilized by soy lecithin and Tween 20 for the encapsulation of bioactive carvacrol. Colloids Surf A Physicochem Eng Asp 517:1–11. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.colsurfa.2016.12.056
Nasr M, Nawaz S, Elhissi A (2012) Amphotericin B lipid nanoemulsion aerosols for targeting peripheral respiratory airways via nebulization. Int J Pharm 436(1–2):611–616. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijpharm.2012.07.028
Nastiti CMRR, Ponto T, Abd E, Grice JE, Benson HAE, Roberts MS (2017) Topical nano and microemulsions for skin delivery. Pharmaceutics 9(4):UNSP 37. https://doi.org/10.3390/pharmaceutics9040037
National Nanotechnology Initiative (2008) Nanotechnology: big things from a tiny world. National Nanotechnology Coordination Office, Arlington
Naz Z, Ahmad FJ (2015) Curcumin-loaded colloidal carrier system: formulation optimization, mechanistic insight, ex vivo and in vivo evaluation. Int J Nanomedicine 10:4293–4307. https://doi.org/10.2147/IJN.S82788
Ni SL, Hu CB, Sun R, Zhao GD, Xia Q (2017) Nanoemulsions-based delivery systems for encapsulation of quercetin: preparation, characterization, and cytotoxicity studies. J Food Process Eng 40(2):e12374. https://doi.org/10.1111/jfpe.12374
Oh YA, Oh YJ, Song AY, Won JS, Song KB, Min SC (2017) Comparison of effectiveness of edible coatings using emulsions containing lemongrass oil of different size droplets on grape berry safety and preservation. LWT Food Sci Technol 75:742–750
Ozogul Y, Durmus M, Ucar Y, Kosker AR, Ozogul F (2017) The combined impact of nanoemulsion based on commercial oils and vacuum packing on the fatty acid profiles of sea bass fillets. J Food Process Preserv 41(6):e13222. https://doi.org/10.1111/jfpp.13222
Ozturk B, Argin S, Ozilgen M, McClements DJ (2014) Formation and stabilization of nanoemulsion-based vitamin E delivery systems using natural surfactants: Quillaja saponin and lecithin. J Food Eng 142:57–63. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jfoodeng.2014.06.015
Ozturk B, Argin S, Ozilgen M, McClements DJ (2015) Nanoemulsion delivery systems for oil-soluble vitamins: influence of carrier oil type on lipid digestion and vitamin D3 bioaccessibility. Food Chem 187:499–506. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.foodchem.2015.04.065
Panatieri LF, Brazil NT, Faber K, Medeiros-Neves B, von Poser GL, Rott MB, Zorzi GK, Teixeira HF (2017) Nanoemulsions containing a coumarin-rich extract from Pterocaulon balansae (Asteraceae) for the treatment of ocular Acanthamoeba keratitis. AAPS PharmSciTech 18(3):721–728. https://doi.org/10.1208/s12249-016-0550-y
Pant M, Dubey S, Patanjali PK, Naik SN, Sharma S (2014) Insecticidal activity of eucalyptus oil nanoemulsion with karanja and jatropha aqueous filtrates. Int Biodeterior Biodegrad 91:119–127. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ibiod.2013.11.019
Parthasarathi S, Muthukumar SP, Anandharamakrishnan C (2016) The influence of droplet size on the stability, in vivo digestion, and oral bioavailability of vitamin E emulsions. Food Funct 7(5):2294–2302. https://doi.org/10.1039/c5fo01517k
Patra JK, Das G, Fraceto LF, Campos EVR, Rodriguez-Torres MDP, Acosta-Torres LS, Diaz-Torres LA, Grillo R, Swamy MK, Sharma S, Habtemariam S, Shin HS (2018) Nano based drug delivery systems: recent developments and future prospects. J Nanobiotechnol 16(1):71. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12951-018-0392-8
Pawar KR, Babu RJ (2014) Lipid materials for topical and transdermal delivery of nanoemulsions. Crit Rev Ther Drug Carrier Syst 31(5):429–458. https://doi.org/10.1615/CritRevTherDrugCarrierSyst.2014010663
Pellosi DS, Macaroff PP, Morais PC, Tedesco AC (2018) Magneto low-density nanoemulsion (MLDE): a potential vehicle for combined hyperthermia and photodynamic therapy to treat cancer selectively. Mater Sci Eng C Mater Biol Appl 92:103–111. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.msec.2018.06.033
Pentak D, Kozik V, Bak A, Dybal P, Sochanik A, Jampílek J (2016) Methotrexate and cytarabine – loaded nanocarriers for multidrug cancer therapy. Spectroscopic study. Molecules 21(12):1689. https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules21121689
Perazzo A, Preziosi V (2018) Catastrophic phase inversion techniques for nanoemulsification. In: Jafari SM, McClements DK (eds) Nanoemulsions formulation, applications, and characterization. AP Academic Press (Elsevier), London, pp 53–76. https://doi.org/10.1016/B978-0-12-811838-2.00003-5
Pereira FG, Marquete R, Oliveira-Cruz L, Quintanilha-Falcao D, Mansur E, Moreira DD (2017) Cytotoxic effects of the essential oil from leaves of Casearia sylvestris Sw. (Salicaceae) and its nanoemulsion on A549 tumor cell line. Bol Latinoam Caribe Plant Med Aromat 16(5):506–512
Periasamy VS, Athinarayanan J, Alshatwi AA (2016) Anticancer activity of an ultrasonic nanoemulsion formulation of Nigella sativa L. essential oil on human breast cancer cells. Ultrason Sonochem 31:449–455. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ultsonch.2016.01.035
Pinheiro AC, Coimbra MA, Vicente AA (2016) In vitro behaviour of curcumin nanoemulsions stabilized by biopolymer emulsifiers – effect of interfacial composition. Food Hydrocoll 52:460–467. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.foodhyd.2015.07.025
Piorkowski DT, McClements DJ (2014) Beverage emulsions: recent developments in formulation, production, and applications. Food Hydrocoll 42(Part:1):5–41. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.foodhyd.2013.07.009
Pisarčík M, Lukáč M, Jampílek J, Bilka F, Bilková A, Pašková Ľ, Devínsky F, Horáková R, Opravil T (2018) Silver nanoparticles stabilised with cationic single-chain surfactants. Structure-physical properties-biological activity relationship study. J Mol Liq 272:60–72. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.molliq.2018.09.042
Prakash B, Kujur A, Yadav A, Kumar A, Singh PP, Dubey NK (2018a) Nanoencapsulation: an efficient technology to boost the antimicrobial potential of plant essential oils in food system. Food Control 89:1–11. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.foodcont.2018.01.018
Prakash A, Baskaran R, Paramasivam N, Vadivel V (2018b) Essential oil based nanoemulsions to improve the microbial quality of minimally processed fruits and vegetables: a review. Food Res Int 111:509–523. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.foodres.2018.05.066
Prasad R, Kumar V, Prasad KS (2014) Nanotechnology in sustainable agriculture: present concerns and future aspects. Afr J Biotechnol 13(6):705–713
Prasad R, Pandey R, Barman I (2016) Engineering tailored nanoparticles with microbes: quo vadis. Wiley Interdiscip Rev Nanomed Nanobiotechnol 8:316–330. https://doi.org/10.1002/wnan.1363
Prasad R, Bhattacharyya A, Nguyen QD (2017a) Nanotechnology in sustainable agriculture: recent developments, challenges, and perspectives. Front Microbiol 8:1014. https://doi.org/10.3389/fmicb.2017.01014
Prasad R, Pandey R, Varma A, Barman I (2017b) Polymer based nanoparticles for drug delivery systems and cancer therapeutics. In: Kharkwal H, Janaswamy S (eds) Natural polymers for drug delivery. CAB International, Wallingford, pp 53–70.
Prasad R, Kumar V and Kumar M (2017c) Nanotechnology: Food and Environmental Paradigm. Springer Nature Singapore Pte Ltd. (ISBN 978-981-10-4678-0)
Prasad M, Lambe UP, Brar B, Shah I, J Manimegalai J, Ranjan K, Rao R, Kumar S, Mahant S, Khurana SK, Iqbal HMN, Dhama K, Misri J, Prasad G (2018) Nanotherapeutics: an insight into healthcare and multi-dimensional applications in medical sector of the modern world. Biomed Pharmacother 97:1521–1537. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.biopha.2017.11.026
Primozic M, Duchek A, Nickerson M, Ghosh S (2018) Formation, stability and in vitro digestibility of nanoemulsions stabilized by high-pressure homogenized lentil proteins isolate. Food Hydrocoll 77:126–141. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.foodhyd.2017.09.028
Prow TW, Grice JE, Lin LL, Faye R, Butler M, Becker W, Wurm EMT, Yoong C, Robertson TA, Soyer HP, Roberts MS (2011) Nanoparticles and microparticles for skin drug delivery. Adv Drug Deliv Rev 63(6):470–491. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.addr.2011.01.012
Qadir A, Faiyazuddin MD, Hussain MDT, Alshammari TM, Shakeel F (2016) Critical steps and energetics involved in a successful development of a stable nanoemulsion. J Mol Liq 214:7–18. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.molliq.2015.11.050
Qian C, McClements DJ (2011) Formation of nanoemulsions stabilized by model food-grade emulsifiers using high-pressure homogenization: factors affecting particle size. Food Hydrocoll 25(5):1000–1008. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.foodhyd.2010.09.017
Rachmawati H, Budiputra DK, Mauludin R (2015) Curcumin nanoemulsion for transdermal application: formulation and evaluation. Drug Dev Ind Pharm 41(4):560–566. https://doi.org/10.3109/03639045.2014.884127
Radi M, Akhavan-Darabi S, Akhavan HR, Amiri S (2018) The use of orange peel essential oil microemulsion and nanoemulsion in pectin-based coating to extend the shelf life of fresh-cut orange. J Food Process Preserv 42(2):e13441. https://doi.org/10.1111/jfpp.13441
Rai VK, Mishra N, Yadav KS, Yadav NP (2018) Formulation development, stability issues, basic considerations and applications. J Control Release 270:203–225. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jconrel.2017.11.049
Raliya R, Saharan V, Dimpka C, Biswas P (2018) Nanofertilizer for precision and sustainable agriculture: current state and future perspectives. J Agric Food Chem 66(26):6487–6503. https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.jafc.7b02178
Raviadaran R, Chandran D, Shin LH, Manickam S (2018) Optimization of palm oil in water nano-emulsion with curcumin using microfluidizer and response surface methodology. LWT-Food Sci Technol 96:58–65. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.lwt.2018.05.022
Rodriguez J, Martin MJ, Ruiz MA, Clares B (2016) Current encapsulation strategies for bioactive oils: from alimentary to pharmaceutical perspectives. Food Res Int 83:41–59. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.foodres.2016.01.032
Rosa MTMG, Silva EK, Santos DT, Petenate AJ, Meireles MAA (2016) Obtaining annatto seed oil miniemulsions by ultrasonication using aqueous extract from Brazilian ginseng roots as a biosurfactant. J Food Eng 168:68–78. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jfoodeng.2015.07.024
Roy A, Guha P (2018) Formulation and characterization of betel leaf (Piper betle L.) essential oil based nanoemulsion and its in vitro antibacterial efficacy against selected food pathogens. J Food Process Preserv 42(6):e13617. https://doi.org/10.1111/jfpp.13617
Sabry AH, Ragaei M (2018) Nanotechnology and their applications in insect’s pest control. In: Abd-Elsalam KA, Prasad R (eds) Nanobiotechnology applications in plant protection, nanotechnology in the life sciences. Springer International Publishing AG, Part of Springer Nature, Cham, pp 1–28. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-91161-8_1
Sahu P, Das D, Mishra VK, Kashaw V, Kashaw SK (2017) Nanoemulsion: a novel eon in cancer chemotherapy. Mini Rev Med Chem 17(18):1778–1792. https://doi.org/10.2174/1389557516666160219122755
Salim N, Ahmad N, Musa SH, Hashim R, Tadros TF, Basri M (2016) Nanoemulsion as a topical delivery system of antipsoriatic drugs. RSC Adv 6(8):6234–6250. https://doi.org/10.1039/c5ra14946k
Salvia-Trujillo L, Rojas-Graue MA, Soliva-Fortuny R, Martin-Belloso O (2014) Impact of microfluidization or ultrasound processing on the antimicrobial activity against Escherichia coli of lemongrass oil-loaded nanoemulsions. Food Control 37:292–297. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.foodcont.2013.09.015
Salvia-Trujillo L, Rojas-Graue A, Soliva-Fortuny R, Martin-Belloso O (2015) Physicochemical characterization and antimicrobial activity of food-grade emulsions and nanoemulsions incorporating essential oils. Food Hydrocoll 43:547–556. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.foodhyd.2014.07.012
Sanchez-Ortega I, Garcia-Almendarez BE, Santos-Lopez EM, Reyes-Gonzalez LR, Regalado C (2016) Characterization and antimicrobial effect of starch-based edible coating suspensions. Food Hydrocoll 52:906–913. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.foodhyd.2015.09.004
Sandig AG, Campmany ACC, Campos FF, Villena MJM, Naveros BC (2013) Transdermal delivery of imipramine and doxepin from newly oil-in-water nanoemulsions for an analgesic and anti-allodynic activity: development, characterization and in vivo evaluation. Colloids Surf B Biointerfaces 103:558–565. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.colsurfb.2012.10.061
Sasikumar A, Kamalasanan K (2017) Nanomedicine for prostate cancer using nanoemulsion: a review. J Control Release 260:111–123. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jconrel.2017.06.001
Saxena V, Hasan A, Sharma S, Pandey LM (2018) Edible oil nanoemulsion: an organic nanoantibiotic as a potential biomolecule delivery vehicle. Int J Polym Mater Polym Biomater 67(7):410–419. https://doi.org/10.1080/00914037.2017.1332625
Sekhon BS (2014) Nanotechnology in agri-food production: an overview. Nanotechnol Sci Appl 7:31–53. https://doi.org/10.2147/NSA.S39406
Sengupta P, Chatterjee B (2017) Potential and future scope of nanoemulgel formulation for topical delivery of lipophilic drugs. Int J Pharm 526(1–2):353–365. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijpharm.2017.04.068
Sessa M, Ferrari G, Donsi F (2015) Novel edible coating containing essential oil nanoemulsions to prolong the shelf life of vegetable products. In: Pierucc S, Klemes JJ (eds) ICHEAP12: 12th international conference on chemical & process, engineering book series: chemical engineering transactions, vol 43, pp 55–60. https://doi.org/10.3303/CET1543010
Severino R, Vu KD, Donsi F, Salmieri S, Ferrari G, Lacroix M (2014) Antibacterial and physical effects of modified chitosan based-coating containing nanoemulsion of mandarin essential oil and three non-thermal treatments against Listeria innocua in green beans. Int J Food Microbiol 191:82–88. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijfoodmicro.2014.09.007
Severino R, Ferrari G, Vu KD, Donsi F, Salmieri S, Lacroix M (2015) Antimicrobial effects of modified chitosan based coating containing nanoemulsion of essential oils, modified atmosphere packaging and gamma irradiation against Escherichia coli O157:H7 and Salmonella Typhimurium on green beans. Food Control 50:215–222. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.foodcont.2014.08.029
Shah K, Chan LW, Wong TW (2017) Critical physicochemical and biological attributes of nanoemulsions for pulmonary delivery of rifampicin by nebulization technique in tuberculosis treatment. Drug Deliv 24(1):1631–1647. https://doi.org/10.1080/10717544.2017.1384298
Shahabi N, Tajik H, Moradi M, Forough M, Ezati P (2017) Physical, antimicrobial and antibiofilm properties of Zataria multiflora Boiss essential oil nanoemulsion. Int J Food Sci Technol 52(7):1645–1652. https://doi.org/10.1111/ijfs.13438
Shakeel F, Ramadan W, Faisal MS, Rizwan M, Faiyazuddin M, Mustafa G, Shafiq S (2010) Transdermal and topical delivery of anti-inflammatory agents using nanoemulsion/microemulsion: an updated review. Curr Nanosci 6(2):184–198. https://doi.org/10.2174/157341310790945740
Shao P, Qiu Q, Xiao J, Zhu YG, Sun PL (2017) Chemical stability and in vitro release properties of β-carotene in emulsions stabilized by Ulva fasciata polysaccharide. Int J Biol Macromol 102:225–231. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2017.03.186
Shao Y, Wu CH, Wu TT, Li Y, Chen SG, Yuan CH, Hu YQ (2018) Eugenol-chitosan nanoemulsions by ultrasound-mediated emulsification: formulation, characterization and antimicrobial activity. Carbohydr Polym 193:144–152. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.carbpol.2018.03.101
Sharif HR, Abbas S, Majeed H, Safdar W, Shamoon M, Khan MA, Shoaib M, Raza H, Haider J (2017a) Formulation, characterization and antimicrobial properties of black cumin essential oil nanoemulsions stabilized by OSA starch. J Food Sci Technol Mys 54(10):3358–3365. https://doi.org/10.1007/s13197-017-2800-8
Sharif HR, Goff HD, Majeed H, Liu F, Nsor-Atindana J, Haider J, Liang R, Zhong F (2017b) Physicochemical stability of β-carotene and α-tocopherol enriched nanoemulsions: influence of carrier oil, emulsifier and antioxidant. Colloids Surf A Physicochem Eng Asp 529:550–559. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.colsurfa.2017.05.076
Sharma M, Mann B, Sharma R, Bajaj R, Athira S, Sarkar P, Pothuraju R (2017) Sodium caseinate stabilized clove oil nanoemulsion: physicochemical properties. J Food Eng 212:38–46. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jfoodeng.2017.05.006
Sharma A, Sharma NK, Srivastava A, Kataria A, Dubey S, Sharma S, Kundu B (2018) Clove and lemongrass oil based non-ionic nanoemulsion for suppressing the growth of plant pathogenic Fusarium oxysporum f.sp. lycopersici. Ind Crop Prod 123:353–362. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.indcrop.2018.06.077
Shen J, Liu XD, Zhou M, Liu HJ (2018) Novel nanoemulsion formulation for ocular drug delivery for cataract therapeutics. J Biomater Tissue Eng 8(5):647–657. https://doi.org/10.1166/jbt.2018.1790
Shi J, Zhou SL, Kang L, Ling H, Chen JP, Duan LL, Song YZ, Deng YH (2018) Evaluation of the antitumor effects of vitamin K2 (menaquinone-7) nanoemulsions modified with sialic acid-cholesterol conjugate. Drug Deliv Transl Res 8(1):1–11. https://doi.org/10.1007/s13346-017-0424-1
Shinde RL, Devarajan PV (2017) Docosahexaenoic acid-mediated, targeted and sustained brain delivery of curcumin microemulsion. Drug Deliv 24(1):152–161. https://doi.org/10.1080/10717544.2016.1233593
Shofia SI, Jayakumar K, Mukherjee A, Chandrasekaran N (2018) Efficiency of brown seaweed (Sargassum longifolium) polysaccharides encapsulated in nanoemulsion and nanostructured lipid carrier against colon cancer cell lines HCT 116. RSC Adv 8(29):15973–15984. https://doi.org/10.1039/c8ra02616e
Shu GF, Khalid N, Tan TB, Zhao YG, Neves MA, Kobayashi I, Nakajima M (2018) In vitro bioaccessibility of ergocalciferol in nanoemulsion-based delivery system: the influence of food-grade emulsifiers with different stabilising mechanisms. Int J Food Sci Technol 53(2):430–440. https://doi.org/10.1111/ijfs.13601
Silva LFC, Lemos-Senna E (2016) Development of triamcinolone acetonide-loaded nanoemulsion for ophthalmic drug delivery. Lat Am J Pharm 35(10):2159–2168
Singh OV (2015) Bio-nanoparticles: biosynthesis and sustainable biotechnological implications. Wiley-Blackwell, Hoboken.
Singh T, Shukla S, Kumar P, Wahla V, Bajpai VK, Rather IA (2017a) Application of nanotechnology in food science: perception and overview. Front Microbiol 8:1501. https://doi.org/10.3389/fmicb.2017.01501
Singh Y, Meher JG, Raval K, Khan FA, Chaurasia M, Jain NK, Chourasia MK (2017b) Nanoemulsion: concepts, development and applications in drug delivery. J Control Release 252:28–49. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jconrel.2017.03.008
Slomkowski S, Alemán JV, Gilbert RG, Hess M, Horie K, Jones RG, Kubisa P, Meisel I, Mormann W, Penczek S, Stepto RFT (2011) Terminology of polymers and polymerization processes in dispersed systems (IUPAC Recommendations 2011). Pure Appl Chem 83:2229–2259. https://doi.org/10.1351/PAC-REC-10-06-03
Souza JG, Dias K, Pereira TA, Bernardi DS, Lopez RFV (2014) Topical delivery of ocular therapeutics: carrier systems and physical methods. J Pharm Pharmacol 66(4):507–530. https://doi.org/10.1111/jphp.12132
Steuber N, Vo K, Wadhwa R, Birch J, Iacoban P, Chavez P, Elbayoumi TA (2016) Tocotrienol nanoemulsion platform of curcumin elicit elevated apoptosis and augmentation of anticancer efficacy against breast and ovarian carcinomas. Int J Mol Sci 17(11):1792. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms17111792
Su R, Fan WF, Yu Q, Dong XC, Qi JP, Zhu QG, Zhao WL, Wu W, Chen ZJ, Li Y, Lu Y (2017) Size-dependent penetration of nanoemulsions into epidermis and hair follicles: implications for transdermal delivery and immunization. Oncotarget 8(24):38214–38226. https://doi.org/10.18632/oncotarget.17130
Sugumar S, Ghosh V, Nirmala MJ, Mukherjee A, Chandrasekaran N (2014) Ultrasonic emulsification of eucalyptus oil nanoemulsion: antibacterial activity against Staphylococcus aureus and wound healing activity in Wistar rats. Ultrason Sonochem 21(3):1044–1049. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ultsonch.2013.10.021
Taghavi E, Mirhosseini H, Rukayadi Y, Radu S, Biabanikhankahdani R (2018) Effect of microfluidization condition on physicochemical properties and inhibitory activity of nanoemulsion loaded with natural antibacterial mixture. Food Bioprocess Technol 11(3):645–659. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11947-017-2037-6
Tayeb HH, Sainsbury F (2018) Nanoemulsions in drug delivery: formulation to medical application. Nanomedicine 13(19):2507–2525. https://doi.org/10.2217/nnm-2018-0088
Tayel SA, El-Nabarawi MA, Tadros MI, Abd-Elsalam WH (2013) Design, in vitro characterization and in vivo estimation of the ocular irritation and drug pharmacokinetics in the aqueous humor of rabbits. Int J Pharm 443(1–2):293–305. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijpharm.2012.12.049
Teng J, Hu XQ, Wang MF, Tao NP (2018) Fabrication of chia (Salvia hispanica L.) seed oil nanoemulsions using different emulsifiers. J Food Process Preserv 42(1):e13416. https://doi.org/10.1111/jfpp.13416
Tian HX, Li DF, Xu T, Hu J, Rong YZ, Zhao B (2017) Citral stabilization and characterization of nanoemulsions stabilized by a mixture of gelatin and Tween 20 in an acidic system. J Sci Food Agric 97(9):2991–2998. https://doi.org/10.1002/jsfa.8139
Topuz OK, Ozvural EB, Zhao Q, Huang QR, Chikindas M, Golukcu M (2016) Physical and antimicrobial properties of anise oil loaded nanoemulsions on the survival of foodborne pathogens. Food Chem 203:117–123. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.foodchem.2016.02.051
Uluata S, McClements DJ, Decker EA (2015) Physical stability, autoxidation, and photosensitized oxidation of ω-3 oils in nanoemulsions prepared with natural and synthetic surfactants. J Agric Food Chem 63(42):9333–9340. https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.jafc.5b03572
van Straten D, Mashayekhi V, de Bruijn HS, Oliveira S, Robinson DJ (2017) Oncologic photodynamic therapy: basic principles, current clinical status and future directions. Cancers 9(2):19. https://doi.org/10.3390/cancers9020019
Vecchione R, Quagliariello V, Calabria D, Calcagno V, De Luca E, Iaffaioli RV, Netti PA (2016) Curcumin bioavailability from oil in water nano-emulsions: in vitro and in vivo study on the dimensional, compositional and interactional dependence. J Control Release 233:88–100. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jconrel.2016.05.004
Ventola CL (2017) Progress in nanomedicine: approved and investigational nanodrugs. Pharm Ther 42(12):742–755.
Verma P, Meher JG, Asthana S, Pawar VK, Chaurasia M, Chourasia MK (2016) Perspectives of nanoemulsion assisted oral delivery of docetaxel for improved chemotherapy of cancer. Drug Deliv 23(2):479–488. https://doi.org/10.3109/10717544.2014.920430
Walia N, Dasgupta N, Ranjan S, Chen LY, Ramalingam C (2017) Fish oil based vitamin D nanoencapsulation by ultrasonication and bioaccessibility analysis in simulated gastro-intestinal tract. Ultrason Sonochem 39:623–635. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ultsonch.2017.05.021
Walker RM, Gumus CE, Decker EA, McClements DJ (2017) Improvements in the formation and stability of fish oil-in-water nanoemulsions using carrier oils: MCT, thyme oil, & lemon oil. J Food Eng 211:60–68. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jfoodeng.2017.05.004
Wang L, Li X, Zhang G, Dong JF, Eastoe J (2007) Oil-in-water nanoemulsions for pesticide formulations. J Colloid Interface Sci 314:230–235. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jcis.2007.04.079
Wang C, Tai X, Du Z, Liu X (2017) Formulation and physicochemical properties of promising avermectin microemulsion with biodegradable surfactant and oil. J Dispers Sci Technol 38:409–415. https://doi.org/10.1080/01932691.2016.1172315
Wu CH, Wang LP, Hu YQ, Chen SG, Liu DH, Ye XQ (2016) Edible coating from citrus essential oil-loaded nanoemulsions: physicochemical characterization and preservation performance. RSC Adv 6(25):20892–20900. https://doi.org/10.1039/c6ra00757k
Xu F, Pandya JK, Chung C, McClements DJ, Kinchla A (2018) Emulsions as delivery systems for gamma and delta tocotrienols: formation, properties and simulated gastrointestinal fate. Food Res Int 105:570–579. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.foodres.2017.11.033
Yalcinoz S, Ercelebi E (2018) Potential applications of nano-emulsions in the food systems: an update. Mater Res Express 5(6):062001. https://doi.org/10.1088/2053-1591/aac7ee
Yan B, Park SH, Balasubramaniam VM (2017) Influence of high pressure homogenization with and without lecithin on particle size and physicochemical properties of whey protein-based emulsions. J Food Process Eng 40(6):UNSP e12578. https://doi.org/10.1111/jfpe.12578
Yang Y, Leser ME, Sher AA, McClements DJ (2013) Formation and stability of emulsions using a natural small molecule surfactant: Quillaja saponin (Q-Naturale®). Food Hydrocoll 30(2):589–596. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.foodhyd.2012.08.008
Yang C, Powell CA, Duan Y, Shatters R, Zhang M (2015) Antimicrobial nanoemulsion formulation with improved penetration of foliar spray through citrus leaf cuticles to control citrus huanglongbing. PLoS One 10(7):e0133826. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0133826
Yang CC, Hung CF, Chen BH (2017) Preparation of coffee oil-algae oil-based nanoemulsions and the study of their inhibition effect on UVA-induced skin damage in mice and melanoma cell growth. Int J Nanomedicine 12:6559–6580. https://doi.org/10.2147/IJN.S144705
Yerramilli M, Longmore N, Ghosh S (2017) Improved stabilization of nanoemulsions by partial replacement of sodium caseinate with pea protein isolate. Food Hydrocoll 64:99–111. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.foodhyd.2016.10.027
Yu WY, Zhang N (2009) Surface modification of nanocarriers for cancer therapy. Curr Nanosci 5(2):123–134. https://doi.org/10.2174/157341309788185370
Yukuyama MN, Kato ETM, Loebenberg R, Bou-Chacra NA (2017) Challenges and future prospects of nanoemulsion as a drug delivery system. Curr Pharm Des 23(3):495–508. https://doi.org/10.2174/1381612822666161027111957
Zambrano-Zaragoza ML, Gutierrez-Cortez E, Del Real A, Gonzalez-Reza RM, Galindo-Perez MJ, Quintanar-Guerrero D (2014) Fresh-cut Red Delicious apples coating using tocopherol/mucilage nanoemulsion: effect of coating on polyphenol oxidase and pectin methylesterase activities. Food Res Int 62:974–983. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.foodres.2014.05.011
Zhang SJ, Zhang M, Fang ZX, Liu YP (2017) Preparation and characterization of blended cloves/cinnamon essential oil nanoemulsions. LWT-Food Sci Technol 75:316–322. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.lwt.2016.08.046
Zhang Y, Pan K, Zhong QX (2018) Eugenol nanoencapsulated by sodium caseinate: physical, antimicrobial, and biophysical properties. Food Biophys 13(1):37–48. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11483-017-9509-0
Zhao XJ, Zhou ZQ (2016) Synthesis and applications of pectin-based nanomaterials. Curr Nanosci 12(1):103–109. https://doi.org/10.2174/1573413711666150818224020
Zhao X, Zhu Y, Zhang C, Kei JM, Yu M, Du FP (2017) Positive charge pesticide nanoemulsions prepared by the phase inversion composition method with ionic liquids. RSC Adv 7:48586–48596. https://doi.org/10.1039/C7RA08653A
Zhao CH, Shen X, Guo MR (2018a) Stability of lutein encapsulated whey protein nano-emulsion during storage. PLoS One 13(2):e0192511. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0192511
Zhao J, Liu S, Hu XY, Zhang YM, Yan SL, Zhao H, Zeng M, Li Y, Yang L, Zhang JQ (2018b) Improved delivery of natural alkaloids into lung cancer through woody oil-based emulsive nanosystems. Drug Deliv 25(1):1426–1437. https://doi.org/10.1080/10717544.2018.1474970
Acknowledgments
J. Jampílek and K. Kráľová thank the National Program of Sustainability I (LO1305) of the Ministry of Education of the Czech Republic and the Slovak Research and Development Agency (projects APVV-17-0373 and APVV-17-0318) for support. E.V.R. Campos and L.F. Fraceto would like to thank São Paulo Research Foundation (FAPESP – grant no. 2017/21004-5).
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Editor information
Editors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 2019 Springer Nature Switzerland AG
About this chapter
Cite this chapter
Jampílek, J., Kráľová, K., Campos, E.V.R., Fraceto, L.F. (2019). Bio-Based Nanoemulsion Formulations Applicable in Agriculture, Medicine, and Food Industry. In: Prasad, R., Kumar, V., Kumar, M., Choudhary, D. (eds) Nanobiotechnology in Bioformulations. Nanotechnology in the Life Sciences. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-17061-5_2
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-17061-5_2
Published:
Publisher Name: Springer, Cham
Print ISBN: 978-3-030-17060-8
Online ISBN: 978-3-030-17061-5
eBook Packages: Biomedical and Life SciencesBiomedical and Life Sciences (R0)