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Pericytes in Type 2 Diabetes

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Pericyte Biology in Disease

Part of the book series: Advances in Experimental Medicine and Biology ((AEMB,volume 1147))

Abstract

Pericytes are mural cells that are found ubiquitously throughout the microvasculature. Their main physiological roles are to support endothelial cells, regulate microvascular blood flow, and respond to perturbations in their microenvironment. Pericytes are sensitive to the metabolic abnormalities that are characteristic of type 2 diabetes mellitus, including dyslipidemia, hyperglycemia, and hyperinsulinemia. As a consequence of these abnormalities, advanced glycation end products, reactive oxygen species, polyol pathway activation, and protein kinase C isoform activation cause pericyte dysfunction and contribute to the pathogenesis of many common complications of type 2 diabetes. Pericyte dysfunction is known to be a contributing factor to the pathogenesis of retinopathy, nephropathy, neuropathy, beta cell dysfunction, and peripheral artery disease in people with type 2 diabetes. Therapies should target pericytes to treat these common diabetic complications.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Surgery and Diabetes Center of Excellence, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, MA, USA

    Katherine L. Hayes

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  1. Katherine L. Hayes
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Correspondence to Katherine L. Hayes .

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  1. Department of Radiology, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY, USA

    Alexander Birbrair

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Hayes, K.L. (2019). Pericytes in Type 2 Diabetes. In: Birbrair, A. (eds) Pericyte Biology in Disease. Advances in Experimental Medicine and Biology, vol 1147. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-16908-4_12

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