Abstract
In this chapter, we lay out the core empirical contention of the book. Specifically, global output and consumption doubled between 1990 and 2012. And yet, despite this dramatic increase in global consumption one in seven people still live on less than $2 a day, and more than one in three people on less than $4 a day (2011 PPP). That is not to say that growth has not been effective. Although growth has been effective at reducing poverty at lower poverty lines, there is a question mark over whether the distribution of growth has been as efficient as it needs to be if the world is to substantially reduce poverty at (slightly) higher, but arguably more reasonable, poverty lines.
Access this chapter
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
References
Adams, R. (2003). Economic growth, inequality and poverty: Findings from a new data set (World Bank Working Paper 2972). Washington, DC: World Bank.
Bluhm, R., De Crombrugghe, D., & Szirmai, A. (2014). Poor trends: The pace of poverty reduction after the millennium development agenda (UNU-MERIT Working Paper 2014/006). Maastricht: UNU-MERIT.
Bourguignon, F. (2003). The growth elasticity of poverty reduction: Explaining heterogeneity across countries and time periods. In T. Eicher & S. Turnovsky (Eds.), Inequality and growth: Theory and policy implications. Cambridge, MA: MIT Press.
Dercon, S., & Lea, N. (2012). The prospects of the poor: The future geography of poverty and its implications for DFID. London: Department for International Development.
Dollar, D., Kleineberg, T., & Kraay, A. (2013). Growth still is good for the poor (World Bank Policy Research Working Paper 6568). Washington, DC: World Bank.
Easterly, W., & Rebelo, S. (1993). Fiscal policy and economic growth: An empirical investigation. Journal of Monetary Economics, 32(3), 417–458.
Edward, P. (2006). Examining inequality: Who really benefits from global growth? World Development, 34(10), 1667–1695.
Edward, P., & Sumner, A. (2013). The future of global poverty in a multi-speed world: New estimates of scale and location, 2010–2030 (Center for Global Development Working Paper 327). Washington, DC: CGD.
Edward, P., & Sumner, A. (2014). Estimating the scale and geography of global poverty now and in the future: How much difference do method and assumptions make? World Development, 58, 67–82.
Ferreira, F., Chen, S., Dabalen, A. L., et al. (2015). A global count of the extreme poor in 2012: Data issues, methodology, and initial results (World Bank Working Paper). Washington, DC: World Bank.
Fosu, A. (2011). Growth, inequality, and poverty reduction in developing countries: Recent global evidence (World Institute for Development Economics Research Working Paper 2011/01). Helsinki: WIDER.
Hillebrand, E. (2009). Poverty, growth and inequality over the next 50 years. Expert meeting on how to feed the world in 2050. Rome: FAO.
Kalwij, A., & Verschoor, A. (2007). Not by growth alone: The role of the distribution of income in regional diversity in poverty reduction. European Economic Review, 51(4), 805–829.
Karver, J., Kenny, C., & Sumner, A. (2012). MDGs 2.0: What goals, targets, and timeframe? (Center for Global Development Working Paper 297). Washington, DC: CGD.
Kraay, A. (2006). When is growth pro-poor? Evidence from a panel of countries. Journal of Development Economics, 80(1), 198–227.
Loayza, N., & Raddatz, C. (2010). The composition of growth matters for poverty alleviation. Journal of Development Economics, 93(1), 137–151.
Luebker, M. (2007). Income inequality, inequality and the demand for redistribution: Are the assumptions of the new growth theory valid? Socio-Economic Review, 5(1), 117–148.
Ostry, J., Berg, A., & Tsangarides, C. (2014). Redistribution, inequality, and growth (International Monetary Fund Staff Discussion Note 14/02). Washington, DC: IMF.
Perotti, R. (1996). Growth, income distribution and democracy: What the data say. Journal of Economic Growth, 1(2), 149–187.
Ravallion, M. (1995). Growth and poverty: Evidence for developing countries in the 1980s. Economic Letters, 48(3–4), 411–417.
Ravallion, M. (2001). Growth, inequality and poverty: Looking behind the averages. World Development, 29(11), 1803–1815.
Ravallion, M. (2005). Inequality is bad for the poor (World Bank Policy Research Working Paper 3677). Washington, DC: World Bank.
Ravallion, M. (2012). Benchmarking global poverty reduction (Policy Research Working Paper 6205). Washington, DC: World Bank.
Ravallion, M. (2013). How long will it take to lift one billion people out of poverty? (World Bank Policy Research Working Paper 6325). Washington, DC: World Bank.
Ravallion, M., & Chen, S. (1997). What can new survey data tell us about recent changes in distribution and poverty? World Bank Economic Review, 11(2), 357–382.
White, H., & Anderson, E. (2001). Growth versus distribution: Does the pattern of growth matter? Development Policy Review, 19(3), 267–289.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 2019 The Author(s)
About this chapter
Cite this chapter
Edward, P., Sumner, A. (2019). Growth and Distribution Since the Cold War. In: The End of Poverty. Palgrave Pivot, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-14764-8_2
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-14764-8_2
Published:
Publisher Name: Palgrave Pivot, Cham
Print ISBN: 978-3-030-14763-1
Online ISBN: 978-3-030-14764-8
eBook Packages: Political Science and International StudiesPolitical Science and International Studies (R0)