Skip to main content
SpringerLink
Log in

Critical Space Infrastructure Interdependencies

  • Chapter
  • First Online:
Critical Space Infrastructures

Part of the book series: Topics in Safety, Risk, Reliability and Quality ((TSRQ,volume 36))

  • 653 Accesses

Abstract

This chapter elaborates on a key theme of critical space infrastructure: interdependency . In the context of present discussion, interdependency is described means being influenced, determined by, conditioned by, or subject to another—relationships to other systems. These relationships are examined in relation to, among other critical systems: water, energy , chemical , transportation, and food supply along with potential effects.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this chapter

Log in via an institution
Chapter
USD 29.95
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
eBook
USD 84.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as EPUB and PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
Softcover Book
USD 109.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Compact, lightweight edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info
Hardcover Book
USD 109.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Durable hardcover edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info

Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout

Purchases are for personal use only

Institutional subscriptions

Notes

  1. 1.

    GPS Applications, http://www.gps.gov/applications.

  2. 2.

    http://www.gps.gov/applications/timing/.

  3. 3.

    http://www.gps.gov/applications/agriculture/.

  4. 4.

    See notes on the paper ‘Le télécardiogramme’ as cites in Rivera-Ruiz et al. (2008).

  5. 5.

    https://business.esa.int/projects/sahel.

  6. 6.

    http://www.televital.com/downloads/ISRO-Telemedicine-Initiative.pdf.

  7. 7.

    http://www.televital.com/downloads/ISRO-Telemedicine-Initiative.pdf.

  8. 8.

    http://www.e-medicina.ro/fundeni_telemed/english/pilot/pilot.html.

  9. 9.

    http://www.infoworld.ro/en_telemedicina.html.

  10. 10.

    https://cospas-sarsat.int/en/.

  11. 11.

    https://www.cospas-sarsat.int/en/system-overview/cospas-sarsat-system.

  12. 12.

    https://www.cospas-sarsat.int/en/system-overview/cospas-sarsat-system.

  13. 13.

    http://www.sarsat.noaa.gov/.

  14. 14.

    http://www.navipedia.net/index.php/Galileo_Search_and_Rescue_Service#cite_note-GALHLD-3.

  15. 15.

    http://www.navipedia.net/index.php/Galileo_Search_and_Rescue_Service#cite_note-GALHLD-3.

  16. 16.

    http://www.isprs.org/proceedings/XXXVIII/8-C23/pdf/Lafaye.pdf.

  17. 17.

    https://ams.confex.com/ams/93Annual/webprogram/Paper223622.html.

  18. 18.

    For example, see https://ams.confex.com/ams/93Annual/webprogram/Paper223622.html.

  19. 19.

    http://www.isprs.org/proceedings/XXXVIII/8-C23/pdf/Kogan.pdf.

  20. 20.

    http://www.medes.fr/en/the-space-clinic.html.

  21. 21.

    http://ideas.repec.org/p/wop/pennin/95-08.html.

  22. 22.

    Official U.S. Government information about the Global Positioning System (GPS) and related topics, http://www.gps.gov/applications/timing/.

  23. 23.

    See for example, https://www.esa.int/Our_Activities/Observing_the_Earth/Earth_observation_moves_closer_to_the_risk_business.

  24. 24.

    See for example, http://www.esa.int/Our_Activities/Observing_the_Earth/World_s_major_development_banks_look_closer_at_Earth_observation.

  25. 25.

    https://www.transportation.gov/regulations-fr/notices/2018-05864.

  26. 26.

    http://insidegnss.com/karen-van-dyke-re-engineering-the-airways/.

  27. 27.

    http://www.gps.gov/applications/aviation.

  28. 28.

    http://www.gps.gov/applications/marine/.

  29. 29.

    http://www.gps.gov/applications/roads.

  30. 30.

    http://www.gps.gov/applications/rail.

  31. 31.

    https://weather.msfc.nasa.gov/land/ncrst/dot.html.

  32. 32.

    http://www.gps.gov/applications/safety/.

  33. 33.

    For more information, see the U.S. Air Force Fact Sheet on E-8C Joint Stars, http://www.af.mil/factsheets/factsheet.asp?fsID=100 and the Air Force Technology.com’s web page on JSTARS, http://www.airforce-technology.com/projects/jstars/.

References

  • Benschoter, R. A., Eaton, M. T., & Smith, P. (1965). Use of videotape to provide individual instruction in techniques of psychotherapy. Journal of Medical Education, 40(12), 1159–1161.

    Google Scholar 

  • Broens, T., Van Halteren, A., Van Sinderen, M., & Wac, K. (2007). Towards an application framework for context-aware m-health applications. International Journal of Internet Protocol Technology, 2(2), 109–116. https://doi.org/10.1504/IJIPT.2007.012374.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Celler, B. G., Earnshaw, W., Ilsar, E. D., Betbeder-Matibet, L., Harris, M. F., Clark, R. et al. (1995). Remote monitoring of health status of the elderly at home. A multidisciplinary project on aging at the University of New South Wales. International Journal of Bio-Medical Computing, 40(2), 147–155.

    Google Scholar 

  • Chouinard, J. (1983). Satellite contributions to telemedicine: Canadian CME experiences. Canadian Medical Association Journal, 128(7), 850–855.

    Google Scholar 

  • Cook, A. K. (1969). The breakthrough team. Rockville, Maryland: ESSA World. Retrieved from http://docs.lib.noaa.gov/rescue/journals/essa_world/QC851U461969jul.pdf.

  • DeBlois, B. M., Garwin, R. L., Kemp, R. S., & Marwell, J. C. (2004). Space weapons: Crossing the U.S. Rubicon. International Security, 29(2), 50–84. https://doi.org/10.1162/0162288042879922.

  • Dwyer, T. F. (1973). Telepsychiatry: Psychiatric consultation by interactive television. The American Journal of Psychiatry, 130(8), 865–869. https://doi.org/10.1176/ajp.130.8.865.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Gheorghe, A. V., Vamanu, D. V., Katina, P. F., & Pulfer, R. (2018). Critical infrastructures, key resources, and key assets. Cham, Switzerland: Springer International Publishing. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-69224-1_1.

    Book  Google Scholar 

  • Gilbert, B. K., Mitchell, M. P., Bengali, A. R., & Khandheria, B. K. (1999). NASA/DARPA advanced communications technology satellite project for evaluation of telemedicine outreach using next-generation communications satellite technology: Mayo Foundation participation. Mayo Clinic Proceedings, 74(8), 753–757. https://doi.org/10.4065/74.8.753.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Higgins, P. (2012). Earth observations, science, and services for the 21st century. Washington D.C.: The American Meteorological Society.

    Google Scholar 

  • Humphreys, T. E., Ledvina, B. M., Psiaki, M. L., O’Hanlon, B. W., & Kintner, P. M. (2008). Assessing the spoofing threat: Development of a portable GPS civilian spoofer. In Proceedings of the Institute of Navigation GNSS (ION GNSS, 2008), Savannah, GA.

    Google Scholar 

  • Katina, P. F., & Pinto, C. A. (2012). On critical infrastructure interdependency. Annual International Conference of the American Society for Engineering Management 2012 (ASEM 2012): Agile Management: Embracing Change and Uncertainty in Engineering Management (pp. 29–38). Virginia Beach, VA: Curran Associates Inc.

    Google Scholar 

  • Katina, P. F., Keating, C. B., Zio, E., & Gheorghe, A. V. (2016). A criticality-based approach for the analysis of Smart Grids. Technology and Economics of Smart Grids and Sustainable Energy, 1(1), 14. https://doi.org/10.1007/s40866-016-0013-2.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Kirilenko, A., Kyle, A. S., Samadi, M., & Tuzun, T. (2017). The flash crash: High-frequency trading in an electronic market. The Journal of Finance, 72(3), 967–998. https://doi.org/10.1111/jofi.12498.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Mariappan, M., & Khoo, B. (2013). Design and development of communication and control platform for medical tele-diagnosis robot (MTR). International Journal of Networks and Communications, 3(1), 12–20.

    Google Scholar 

  • McCord, M. R., Hickman, M., Bronzini, M. S., Goel, P. K., Gomez, R. B., Merry, C. J. et al. (2003). Remote sensing for transportation—Products and results: Foundations for the future. Session 3: Transportation planning: Overview of remote sensing products and results. Washington D.C.: Transportation Research Board. Retrieved from https://trid.trb.org/view/665541.

  • Navein, J., Fisher, A., Geiling, J., Richards, D., Roller, J., & Hagmann, J. (1998). Portable satellite telemedicine in practice. Journal of Telemedicine and Telecare, 4(Suppl 1), 25–28. https://doi.org/10.1258/1357633981931326.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Rivera-Ruiz, M., Cajavilca, C., & Varon, J. (2008). Einthoven’s string galvanometer: The first electrocardiograph. Texas Heart Institute Journal, 35(2), 174.

    Google Scholar 

  • Royal Academy of Engineering. (2011). Global navigation space systems: Reliance and vulnerabilities. London: The Royal Academy of Engineering.

    Google Scholar 

  • Sjögren, L. H., Sandberg, C., & Törnqvist, H. (1999). Telemedicine in Sweden–a diffusion study. Journal of Telemedicine and Telecare, 5 Suppl 1, S63–65.

    Google Scholar 

  • Stachura, M. E., & Khasanshina, E. V. (2007). Telehomecare and remote monitoring: An outcomes overview. Washington D.C.: The Advanced Medical Technology Association. Retrieved from http://archive1.telecareaware.com/telehomecare-andremote-monitoring-an-outcomes-overview/.

  • Theoharidou, M., Kotzanikolaou, P., & Gritzalis, D. (2009). Risk based critical analysis. In C.C. Palmer & S. Shenoi (Eds.), Critical Infrastructure Protection III—Third Annual IFIP WG 11.10 International Conference on Critical Infrastructure Protection. IFIP Advances in Information and Communication Technology Series (311). Hanover, New Hampshire, USA: Springer. ISBN 978-3-642-04797-8.

    Google Scholar 

  • Vamanu, B. I., Gheorghe, A. V., & Katina, P. F. (2016). Critical infrastructures: Risk and vulnerability assessment in transportation of dangerous goods—Transportation by road and rail (Vol. 31). Cham, Switzerland: Springer International Publishing. Retrieved from http://link.springer.com/10.1007/978-3-319-30931-6.

  • Wold Health Organization. (2010). Telemedicine: Opportunities and developments in member states. Geneva: WHO. Retrieved from http://www.who.int/goe/publications/ehealth_series_vol2/en/.

  • Zuzek, J. E., Cauley, M. A., & Hollansworth, J. E. (1994). The telemedicine spacebridge project: A joint US/Russian venture in long distance medicine via satellite. In Presented at the 15th International Communications Satellite Systems Conference, San Diego, CA, US. Retrieved from https://ntrs.nasa.gov/search.jsp?R=19940022924.

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Romanian Association for Space Technology and Industry, Bucharest, Romania

    Alexandru Georgescu

  2. Engineering Management and Systems Engineering, Old Dominion University, Norfolk, VA, USA

    Adrian V. Gheorghe

  3. Research and Development, Romanian Space Agency, Bucharest, Romania

    Marius-Ioan Piso

  4. Informatics and Engineering Systems, University of South Carolina Upstate, Spartanburg, SC, USA

    Polinpapilinho F. Katina

Authors
  1. Alexandru Georgescu
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  2. Adrian V. Gheorghe
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  3. Marius-Ioan Piso
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  4. Polinpapilinho F. Katina
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Alexandru Georgescu .

Final Remarks

Final Remarks

It has been said our energy system are increasingly vulnerable to disruptions from interconnected systems and therefore susceptible to failure in other systems (e.g., information services). Now might be the time to see of this statement holds true for system and the related systems. Exploring this issue might start with the consideration of the notions of ‘interdependency ’ and a closely related terms of dependence and explore. This notion of interdependencies affirms that cross-national borders and the jurisdiction of the competent national authorities ensure that security for the whole is skewed by the lowest common dominator, regardless of the security outcomes for individually managed components in the system-of-systems . This might serve as a key point of interest of these with the most advanced and space-realized systems and actors (they might have more to lose). Therein lies a need to know types of interdependencies, their implications, and well as development of scenarios exploring what-if-analysis with tangible methods and tools. Certainly, this analysis will need to address failures in the context of space systems along the three dimensions of failures as previously described (cascading, escalating and common cause).

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

Copyright information

© 2019 Springer Nature Switzerland AG

About this chapter

Check for updates. Verify currency and authenticity via CrossMark

Cite this chapter

Georgescu, A., Gheorghe, A.V., Piso, MI., Katina, P.F. (2019). Critical Space Infrastructure Interdependencies. In: Critical Space Infrastructures. Topics in Safety, Risk, Reliability and Quality, vol 36. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-12604-9_4

Download citation

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-12604-9_4

  • Published:

  • Publisher Name: Springer, Cham

  • Print ISBN: 978-3-030-12603-2

  • Online ISBN: 978-3-030-12604-9

  • eBook Packages: EngineeringEngineering (R0)

Publish with us

Policies and ethics

Search

Navigation