Abstract
Bolted interfaces are a major source of uncertainty in the dynamic behavior of built-up assemblies. Contact pressure distribution from a bolt’s preload governs the stiffness of the interface. These quantities are sensitive to the true curvature, or flatness, of the surface geometries and thus limit the predictive capability of models based on nominal drawing tolerances. Fabricated components inevitably deviate from their idealized geometry; nominally flat surfaces, for example, exhibit measurable variation about the desired level plane. This study aims to develop a predictive, high-fidelity finite element model of a bolted beam assembly to determine the modal characteristics of the preloaded assembly designed with nominally flat surfaces. The surface geometries of the beam interface are measured with an optical interferometer to reveal the amount of deviation from the nominally flat surface. These measurements are used to perturb the interface nodes in the finite element mesh to account for the true interface geometry. A nonlinear quasi-static preload analysis determines the contact area when the bolts are preloaded, and the model is linearized about this equilibrium state to estimate the modal characteristics of the assembly. The linearization assumes that nodes/faces in contact do not move relative to each other and are enforced through multi-point constraints. The structure’s natural frequencies and mode shapes predicted by the model are validated by experimental measurements of the actual structure.
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Acknowledgments
This research was conducted at the 2018 Nonlinear Mechanics and Dynamics (NOMAD) Research Institute supported by Sandia National Laboratories. Sandia National Laboratories is a multi-mission laboratory managed and operated by National Technology and Engineering Solutions of Sandia, LLC., a wholly owned subsidiary of Honeywell International, Inc., for the U.S. Department of Energy’s National Nuclear Security Administration under contract DE-NA-0003525. The authors would also like to thank Bill Flynn from Siemens Industry Software NV for supplying the data acquisition and testing systems used to collect the experimental measurements presented throughout this work. SAND2018-11908 C
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Fronk, M. et al. (2020). Predictive Modeling of Bolted Assemblies with Surface Irregularities. In: Kerschen, G., Brake, M., Renson, L. (eds) Nonlinear Structures and Systems, Volume 1. Conference Proceedings of the Society for Experimental Mechanics Series. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-12391-8_36
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-12391-8_36
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