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Ethics and Law for Chemical, Biological, Radiological, Nuclear & Explosive Crises pp 15–35Cite as

The EU as an Actor in CBRNE Crisis: A General Picture

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Part of the book series: The International Library of Ethics, Law and Technology ((ELTE,volume 20))

Abstract

This chapter presents an overview of how the European Union (EU) has developed as a crisis actor in the case of biological, chemical, radiological, nuclear and explosive (CBRNE) incidents. The EU’s policies rely on preventing proliferation of Weapons of Mass Destruction (WMD) and CBRNE terrorism which have been developed in different policy areas. The responsibility for responding to CBRNE incidents rests with the Member States (MS). The EU has developed crisis management procedures and tools to support the MS in case of a crisis with cross-border implications. Coordination and information sharing mechanisms, capacity building, joint exercises, and sharing of best practices are examples of EU actions which support and complement the actions taken by MS (EU. EU capacities to respond to CBRN attacks and CBRN incidents. Submitted by Belgium on behalf of the European Union, 2010). In 2016, the EU presented its new Global Strategy for its foreign and security policy as a follow-on to its 2003 Security Strategy, though it has limited references to WMD (European Union. Shared vision, common action: a stronger Europe, a global strategy for the European Union’s Foreign and Security Policy, Brussels, June. https://eeas.europa.eu/archives/docs/top_stories/pdf/eugs_review_web.pdf. Assessed 28 Sept 2018, 2016; Lundin L-E. The European Union and weapons of mass destruction: a follow-on to the global strategy? EU Non-Proliferation Consortium. Non-proliferation Paper. no. 58. Stockholm International Peace Research Institute. May, 2017). The EU needs to further improve preparedness, coordination and CBRNE Action Plans to better handle future CBRNE incidents.

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Notes

  1. 1.

    1. North Africa: Algiers, 2. Atlantic Façade: Rabat, 3. Middle East: Amman, 4. South East Europe, Southern Caucasus, the Republic of Moldova, Ukraine: Tbilisi, 5. South East Asia: Manila, 6. Sub-Saharan Africa: Nairobi, and 7. Gulf Countries: Abu Dhabi, have started work. Next a Secretariat in Central Asia: Tashkent.

  2. 2.

    The CBRNE modules are characterized by, predefined capabilities, predefined personnel and equipment, rapid deployment, interoperability, self-sufficiency, deployment within and outside the EU, training and exercises financed by EU and resources from one or more Member States.

  3. 3.

    Currently 2016, 33 states – the EU28 and Montenegro, Norway, Iceland, former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia and Serbia are participating.

  4. 4.

    RAS BICHAT is the Rapid Alert System used for exchanging information on health threats due to deliberate release of chemical, biological and radio-nuclear agents (notification of confirmed or suspected events).

  5. 5.

    The EU integrated political crisis response arrangements , http://www.consilium.europa.eu/en/documents-publications/publications/2014/eu-ipcr/ Assessed 31 January 2016.

  6. 6.

    Since ‘9/11’ until 2013, 239 EU counter-terrorism measures have been introduced: 26 action plans and strategy documents, 25 Regulations, 15 Directives, 11 Framework Decisions, 25 Decisions, 1 Joint Action, 3 Common Positions, 4 Resolutions, 111 Council Conclusions, and 8 international agreements as compiled by Ben Hayes and Chris Jones of Statewatch.

Abbreviations

BTWC:

Biological and Toxin Weapons Convention

CCA:

EU Emergency and Crisis Coordination Arrangements

CECIS:

Common Emergency Communication and Information System

CoE:

Centres of Excellence

DG DEVCO:

Directorate-General for International Cooperation and Development

DG ECHO:

DG for Humanitarian Aid and Civil Protection

DG:

Directorate-General

DRMKC:

Disaster Risk Management Knowledge Centre

EC:

European Commission

ECAP:

European Capability Action Plan

ECTC:

European Counter-Terrorism Centre

ECURIE:

European Community Urgent Radiological Information Exchange

EEAS:

European External Action Service

EEODN:

European Explosive Ordnance Disposal Network

EERC:

European Emergency Response Capacity

EMC:

European Medical Corps

EOD:

Explosives Ordnance Disposal

ERCC:

Emergency Response Coordination Centre

ESDP:

European Security and Defence Policy

ESS:

European Security Strategy

EU:

European Union

EUCPM:

European Union Civil Protection Mechanism

EWRS:

Early Warning and Response System

FBI:

Federal Bureau of Investigation

FP7:

Seventh Framework Programme

GHSAG:

Global Health Security Action Group

GHSI:

Global Health Security Initiative

GICNT:

Global Initiative to Combat Nuclear Terrorism

HEOF:

Health Emergency Operational Facilities

HSC:

Health Security Committee

IcSP:

Instrument contributing to Stability and Peace

INTCEN:

EU Intelligence Analysis Centre

IPCRC:

Integrated Political Crisis Response Capabilities

ISAA:

Integrated Situational Awareness and Analysis

MIC:

Monitoring and Information Centre

MS:

Member States

PNR:

Passenger Name Record

PSI:

Proliferation Security Initiative

UNICRI:

United Nations Interregional Crime and Justice Research Institute

RAS BICHAT:

Rapid Alert System used for exchanging information due to deliberate release of chemical, biological and radio-nuclear agents

UNGA:

United Nations General Assembly

UNSC:

United Nations Security Council

WHO:

World Health Organisation

WMD:

Weapons of mass Destruction

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  1. Swedish Defence Research Agency, Stockholm, Sweden

    Roger Roffey

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  1. Roger Roffey
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Correspondence to Roger Roffey .

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  1. School of Nursing and Human Sciences, Dublin City University, Glasnevin, Dublin 9, Ireland

    Dónal P. O'Mathúna

  2. University of the Basque Country, UPV/EHU Leioa, Bilbao, Vizcaya, Spain

    Iñigo de Miguel Beriain

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Roffey, R. (2019). The EU as an Actor in CBRNE Crisis: A General Picture. In: O'Mathúna, D., de Miguel Beriain, I. (eds) Ethics and Law for Chemical, Biological, Radiological, Nuclear & Explosive Crises. The International Library of Ethics, Law and Technology, vol 20. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-11977-5_3

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