Abstract
In the United States and other developed nations, the most common presenting findings in intraocular retinoblastoma are leukocoria or cat’s eye reflex (45%), strabismus (25%), inflammatory symptoms (pseudo-preseptal cellulitis) (10%), and poor vision (10%). For several reasons discussed elsewhere, in developing nations, retinoblastoma tends to be more advanced at presentation with greater proportion of cases with extraocular disease. A practical stepwise approach specifically to evaluate a child suspected to have retinoblastoma includes detailed history taking, initial office examination, and focused ophthalmic ultrasonography, followed by examination under anesthesia and neuroimaging, if necessary. This approach is merely a guide that can be modified as needed based upon clinical setting.
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Marr, B., Singh, A.D. (2019). Retinoblastoma: Evaluation and Diagnosis. In: Berry, J., Kim, J., Damato, B., Singh, A. (eds) Clinical Ophthalmic Oncology. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-11123-6_1
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-11123-6_1
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