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Nanocomposite Materials for Wastewater Decontamination

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Modern Age Waste Water Problems

Abstract

Modernization and industrialization of human life make the fresh water continuously contaminated due to the use of a variety of organic and inorganic pollutants. Contamination of clean water may be because of chemicals, pesticides, soil erosion, heavy metals, dyes, etc. Heavy metal ions and dyes are the most critical pollutants for contamination of water/wastewater. Decontamination of different pollutants is one of the significant challenges for the water industry to produce high quality drinking water. There is a continuous need to develop more appropriate material to be used as water purification materials with high separation capacity, cheap, porosity, and recyclability. Different methods such as adsorption, coagulation, oxidative-reductive degradation and membrane separation, etc. have been developed for the decontamination of water/waste water. Adsorption among them is the most essential method for the purification of water. Variety of different adsorbents like activated carbon and other carbon-based materials (graphene, carbon nanotubes etc.) are used for the decontamination of water. A recent investigation on remediation of water involves the use of, nanomaterials. However, these nanoparticles can agglomerate which may limit its use. Nanocomposites can be used instead of nanoparticles with high purifying capability. Contamination of water by the adsorption of different pollutants e.g. heavy metals ions, dyes, etc. is nowadays effectively removed by these nanocomposites because of their characteristic properties like metal ion affinity, small size, and high surface area-to-volume ratio. The present chapter is a compilation of different nanocomposites and their uses for decontamination of water/waste available till date.

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Acknowledgments

We would like to kindly acknowledge the discussed work in the present chapter all references and from other sources. M. Tauqeer gratefully acknowledges the Department of Chemistry, A.M.U., Aligarh. M. Sarfaraz Ahmad, M. Siraj, O. Ansari and M. T. Baig are grateful to the Department of Chemistry and Department of Industrial Chemistry, A.M.U., Aligarh. A. Mohammad is grateful to IIT Indore for Institute Post-doctoral fellowship. We gratefully acknowledge Dr. Shaikh M Mobin, IIT Indore for the fruitful discussions and suggestions.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Chemistry, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh, Uttar Pradesh, India

    M. Tauqeer, M. S. Ahmad, M. Siraj, O. Ansari & M. T. Baig

  2. Discipline of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Indore, Indore, India

    A. Mohammad

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  1. M. Tauqeer
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Editors and Affiliations

  1. Centre of Excellence in Environmental Studies, King Abdul Aziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia

    Mohammad Oves

  2. Center of Nanotechnology, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia

    Mohammad Omaish Ansari

  3. Section of Industrial Chemistry, Department of Chemistry, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh, Uttar Pradesh, India

    Mohammad Zain Khan

  4. Department of Biochemical Engineering and Biotechnology, Indian Institute of Technology Delhi, New Delhi, India

    Mohammad Shahadat

  5. Department of Chemistry, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia

    Iqbal M.I. Ismail

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Tauqeer, M., Ahmad, M.S., Siraj, M., Mohammad, A., Ansari, O., Baig, M.T. (2020). Nanocomposite Materials for Wastewater Decontamination. In: Oves, M., Ansari, M., Zain Khan, M., Shahadat, M., M.I. Ismail, I. (eds) Modern Age Waste Water Problems . Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-08283-3_2

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