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Prandtl’s Legacy

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Book cover Ludwig Prandtl

Part of the book series: Springer Biographies ((SPRINGERBIOGS))

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Abstract

Prandtl’s lasting influence on fluid mechanics is testified even today by such terms as the Prandtl number, Prandtl’s pitot tube, wind tunnels, “Göttingen design” and many more. With the “Ludwig Prandtl Memorial Lecture” and a “Ludwig Prandtl Ring”, still, half a century after Prandtl’s death, researchers who have made an outstanding contribution to the field of research founded by him are honoured. Numerous researchers in engineering feel committed to preserving the research tradition founded by Prandtl and his pupils. The institutions created by him live on in the form of the Deutsches Zentrum für Luft- und Raumfahrt, as well as the Max-Planck-Institut für Dynamik und Selbstorganisation in Göttingen. Aside from this, there remain the questions of responsibility of a science that became a willing instrument of a criminal regime during National Socialism.

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Notes

  1. 1.

    Zierep (2000, p. 3).

  2. 2.

    Prandtl (1942). In addition to the Prandtl number, there is also the Nusselt number \( Nu = \alpha d/\lambda \) (α = heat transfer coefficient, d = characteristic length), which is used for similarity considerations in questions of heat transfer.

  3. 3.

    Prandtl (1910b).

  4. 4.

    Prandtl (1928a). Please refer also to Rotta (2000, p. 67f.).

  5. 5.

    Kays and Crawford (1993, Chap. 13).

  6. 6.

    Bodenschatz and Eckert (2011); Bodenschatz and Eckert (2013).

  7. 7.

    Please refer to Sect. 7.6.

  8. 8.

    Please refer to Sect. 5.6

  9. 9.

    Please refer to Sect. 6.7.

  10. 10.

    Eckert (2016).

  11. 11.

    Tollmien (1953, p. 202f.).

  12. 12.

    Yaglom and Frisch (2012).

  13. 13.

    Please refer to Sect. 8.8.

  14. 14.

    Batchelor (1946).

  15. 15.

    Rotta (2000, p. 112).

  16. 16.

    Bodenschatz and Eckert (2011, pp. 81–85).

  17. 17.

    Please refer to Sect. 7.8.

  18. 18.

    Rotta (1951, p. 547).

  19. 19.

    Spalding (1991).

  20. 20.

    Schiestel (2008).

  21. 21.

    Lagerstrom et al. (1967, p. 1).

  22. 22.

    Dyke (1969, p. 265). Please refer also to Gersten (2000).

  23. 23.

    O’Malley (2010, p. 1).

  24. 24.

    Please refer to Sect. 2.1.

  25. 25.

    Please refer to Sect. 3.4.

  26. 26.

    Prandtl (1909, p. 1715f). Please refer also to Rotta (1990a, p. 48). Regarding the “Prandtl micro-manometer”, please refer to Betz (1931, p. 525).

  27. 27.

    Brown (2003).

  28. 28.

    Blasius (1909).

  29. 29.

    Blasius to Prandtl, 13th August 1908. GOAR 3684.

  30. 30.

    Kumbruch (1921).

  31. 31.

    Peters (1931, p. 505).

  32. 32.

    Prandtl (1931b).

  33. 33.

    Toussaint (1935, pp. 276–280).

  34. 34.

    DLR (2013).

  35. 35.

    Bodenschatz (2009).

  36. 36.

    Prandtl to Meyer, 2nd June 1947. AMPG, Abt. III, Rep. 61, No. 1067.

  37. 37.

    Prandtl to Hahn, not dated. AMPG, Abt. III, Rep. 61, No. 2383. The exclamation mark is in the original.

  38. 38.

    Prandtl to Busemann, 4th January 1950. AMPG, Abt. III, Rep. 61, No. 217.

  39. 39.

    Betz (1949, p. 253). Please also refer to Trischler (1992, p. 296).

  40. 40.

    Betz and Prandtl to Hahn, 24th June 1952. AMPG, Abt. III, Rep. 61, No. 589.

  41. 41.

    Tollmien to Hahn (a copy for information to Prandtl), 23rd June 1952. AMPG, Abt. III, Rep. 61, No. 589.

  42. 42.

    Trischler (1992, pp. 337–342).

  43. 43.

    Krige (2006).

  44. 44.

    Protocol of the General Assembly of the AVA on 11th February 1955. AMPG, Abt. III, Rep. 76B, Box 5.

  45. 45.

    Betz (1961); Tollmien (1961).

  46. 46.

    Betz, Announcement, 10th May 1957. AMPG, Abt. III, Rep. 76B, Box 5.

  47. 47.

    MPI für Strömungsforschung (1975).

  48. 48.

    Epple and Schmaltz (2011).

  49. 49.

    Draft of the letter of Betz to Hahn, 6th June 1947. GOAR 2735. Please refer also to Sect. 9.3.

  50. 50.

    Betz (1961, p. 15).

  51. 51.

    Trischler (2007); Hirschel (2007).

  52. 52.

    Kröll (1999); Budraß (2013).

  53. 53.

    Please refer to Sect. 9.4.

  54. 54.

    Mehrtens (1986, p. 329).

  55. 55.

    Tollmien (1998, p. 482).

  56. 56.

    Szöllösi-Janze (2000).

  57. 57.

    Trischler (2001).

  58. 58.

    http://www.mpg.de/hubert-markl.

  59. 59.

    Prandtl to the Reich Ministry of Education, 16th July 1941. AMPG, Abt. III, Rep. 61, No. 1332. Blumenthal died in 1944 in the Theresienstadt concentration camp Felsch, 2011.

  60. 60.

    http://www.ghwk.de/ghwk/deut/dokumente.htm.

  61. 61.

    von Kármán and Edson (1967, p. 274).

  62. 62.

    Ciesla and Krag (2006).

  63. 63.

    Epple (2002b, p. 356).

  64. 64.

    Fuchs-Heinritz and König (2011, Chap. 3.4).

  65. 65.

    http://www.dglr.de/die_dglr/index.html.

  66. 66.

    http://www.dglr.de/auszeichnungen_und_ehrungen/index.html.

  67. 67.

    Zeitschrift für Flugwissenschaften, 23rd volume, 1975, No. 5, pp. 149–152.

  68. 68.

    Schlichting (1975a); Schlichting (1975b); Schultz-Grunow (1975); Görtler (1975).

  69. 69.

    Wuest (1982, p. 4).

  70. 70.

    Busemann (1971); Flügge-Lotz and Flügge (1973); Tani (1977).

  71. 71.

    Oswatitsch and Wieghardt (1987, p. 17).

  72. 72.

    Rotta (1990a).

  73. 73.

    Tollmien (1998).

  74. 74.

    Zierep (2000, S. 2).

  75. 75.

    Meier (2000).

  76. 76.

    Satzung der Ludwig Prandtl Gesellschaft. 18. Februar 2000. DLR-Archiv, AK 51.

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  1. Deutsches Museum, Munich, Bayern, Germany

    Michael Eckert

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Eckert, M. (2019). Prandtl’s Legacy. In: Ludwig Prandtl. Springer Biographies. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-05663-6_10

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