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Organic Aquaculture pp 79–102Cite as

Early Life Stages and Weaning

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Abstract

Marine fish larvae and crustaceans need, during the first periods of larval life, to be fed with zooplankton reared with the use of microalgae (phytoplankton) and enriched with omega-3 fatty acids using specialized products. On the contrary freshwater fish can be fed directly with artificial feeds. Furthermore, one of the most difficult periods of marine larval rearing is the weaning from live prey to formulated microdiets. Thus, the strategies for larval rearing under the organic production regulation are different for the different groups. Chapter 5 describes the differences between freshwater and marine fish and between fish and crustaceans, not only in development but also in nutritional requirements. In addition, it discusses the marine and freshwater larval fish production in relation to organic aquaculture and the bottlenecks on the organic certification for the use of phytoplankton (microalgae) and zooplankton instead of commercially balanced feeds, formulated using ingredients approved by organic production rules and produced under these principles, like those used for organic freshwater larvae.

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Notes

  1. 1.

    It is estimated that a gilthead seabream larvae consumes apx 70 rotifers at first feeding, and this number is increased to 700 per day at 25 days post-hatching (Papandroulakis 2000).

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. IRTA Sant Carles de la Ràpita, Sant Carles de la Ràpita, Spain

    Alicia Estévez

  2. Institute Marine Biology, Biotechnology and Aquaculture, Hellenic Center for Marine Research, Heraklion, Crete, Greece

    Nikos Papandroulakis

  3. Faculty of Bioscience Engineering Laboratory of Aquaculture & Artemia Campus Coupure – Blok F Reference Center, University of Ghent, Ghent, Belgium

    Mathieu Wille & Patrick Sorgeloos

Authors
  1. Alicia Estévez
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  2. Nikos Papandroulakis
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  3. Mathieu Wille
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  4. Patrick Sorgeloos
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Correspondence to Alicia Estévez .

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Editors and Affiliations

  1. Stazione Sperimentale per lo Studio delle Risorse del Mare, COISPA Tecnologia & Ricerca, Bari, Italy

    Giuseppe Lembo

  2. School of Agricultural Sciences, University of Thessaly, Volos, Greece

    Elena Mente

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Estévez, A., Papandroulakis, N., Wille, M., Sorgeloos, P. (2019). Early Life Stages and Weaning. In: Lembo, G., Mente, E. (eds) Organic Aquaculture . Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-05603-2_5

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