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Brain Tissue Entropy Changes in Patients with Autism Spectrum Disorder

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Computer Aided Intervention and Diagnostics in Clinical and Medical Images

Part of the book series: Lecture Notes in Computational Vision and Biomechanics ((LNCVB,volume 31))

Abstract

Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) is accompanied by brain tissue changes in areas that control behavior, cognition, and motor functions, deficient in the disorder. The objective of this research was to evaluate brain structural changes in ASD patients compared to control subjects using voxel-by-voxel image entropy from T1-weighted imaging data of 115 ASD and 105 control subjects from autism brain imaging data exchange. For all subjects, entropy maps were calculated, normalized to a common space and smoothed. Then, the entropy maps were compared at each voxel between groups using analysis of covariance (covariates; age, gender). Increased entropy in ASD patients, indicating chronic injury, emerged in several vital regions including frontal temporal and parietal lobe regions, corpus callosum, cingulate cortices, and hippocampi. Entropy procedure showed significant effect size and demonstrated wide-spread changes in sites that control social behavior, cognitive, and motor activities, suggesting severe damage in those areas. The neuropathological mechanisms contributing to tissue injury remain unclear and possibly due to factors including genetic, atypical early brain growth during childhood.

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Acknowledgements

I would like to thank Autism Brain Imaging Data Exchange for providing demographic as well as MRI data for this study.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering, SRM University-AP, Amaravati, 522503, Andhra Pradesh, India

    Sudhakar Tummala

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  1. Sudhakar Tummala
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Correspondence to Sudhakar Tummala .

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Editors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Computer Science and Engineering, Karunya Institute of Technology and Sciences, Coimbatore, Tamil Nadu, India

    J. Dinesh Peter

  2. Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA

    Steven Lawrence Fernandes

  3. Brazilian Computer Society, Aalcides Platiny Alves Batista , Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil

    Carlos Eduardo Thomaz

  4. School of Computer Science, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban, South Africa

    Serestina Viriri

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Tummala, S. (2019). Brain Tissue Entropy Changes in Patients with Autism Spectrum Disorder. In: Peter, J., Fernandes, S., Eduardo Thomaz, C., Viriri, S. (eds) Computer Aided Intervention and Diagnostics in Clinical and Medical Images. Lecture Notes in Computational Vision and Biomechanics, vol 31. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-04061-1_1

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-04061-1_1

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  • Publisher Name: Springer, Cham

  • Print ISBN: 978-3-030-04060-4

  • Online ISBN: 978-3-030-04061-1

  • eBook Packages: EngineeringEngineering (R0)

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