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Cardiovascular Aging

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Handbook of Rehabilitation in Older Adults

Part of the book series: Handbooks in Health, Work, and Disability ((SHHDW))

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Abstract

Aging is associated with significant changes in cardiac, autonomic, and vascular structure and function that together increase the risk for cardiovascular disease, morbidity, and mortality. Specifically, cardiac aging is associated with progressive loss of cardiomyocytes and increased diffuse myocardial fibrosis, which compromise both systolic and diastolic function. Aging is also associated with changes in the autonomic nervous system, characterized by reduced parasympathetic tone and increased sympathetic nerve activity at rest. Moreover, a collagen-elastin imbalance and increased calcium deposition, coupled with impaired endothelial function, contribute to age-related increases in arterial stiffness and impaired blood vessel reactivity. This chapter summarizes the detrimental adaptations of the cardiovascular system with age and how exercise training may help attenuate age-related alterations in the structure and function of the cardiac, autonomic, and vascular systems.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Kinesiology, College of Nursing and Health Innovation, University of Texas at Arlington, Arlington, TX, USA

    Michael D. Nelson, T. Jake Samuel, Benjamin E. Young, Ryan Rosenberry & Paul J. Fadel

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  1. Michael D. Nelson
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  2. T. Jake Samuel
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  3. Benjamin E. Young
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  4. Ryan Rosenberry
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  5. Paul J. Fadel
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Correspondence to Paul J. Fadel .

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Editors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Psychology, College of Science, The University of Texas at Arlington, Arlington, TX, USA

    Robert J. Gatchel

  2. Educational and Counselling Psychology, and Special Education, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada

    Izabela Z. Schultz

  3. Texas Woman’s University, Denton, TX, USA

    Christopher T. Ray

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Nelson, M.D., Samuel, T.J., Young, B.E., Rosenberry, R., Fadel, P.J. (2018). Cardiovascular Aging. In: Gatchel, R., Schultz, I., Ray, C. (eds) Handbook of Rehabilitation in Older Adults. Handbooks in Health, Work, and Disability. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-03916-5_9

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