Abstract
The events of 1974 left their mark on the contemporary history of Cyprus, affecting the Cypriot people in many ways but essentially by the austerity measures imposed on them in order to save the national economy from collapse. The years following the Turkish military invasion were critical for the future of social insurance in Cyprus. The strength of the fund, however, was demonstrated as it withstood pressure from the high demand for benefits, especially from refugees.
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Notes
- 1.
- 2.
The Public Assistance Law, 1975.
- 3.
National Committee for Ageing in Cyprus, 1983.
- 4.
Yiallouros, 2007.
- 5.
- 6.
Archives of the Ministry of Labour and Social Insurance, 1975.
- 7.
National Committee for Ageing in Cyprus, 1983.
- 8.
The Social Insurance (Amended) Law, 68 of 1976.
- 9.
- 10.
- 11.
Yiallouros, 2007.
- 12.
- 13.
- 14.
- 15.
Phileleftheros, 1978b: 1.
- 16.
Spanos, 1978: 1.
- 17.
Spanos, 1978.
- 18.
Lasettas, 1980.
- 19.
The Social Insurance (Amended) Law, 81, 1977.
- 20.
Archives of National Committee for Ageing in Cyprus, 1983.
- 21.
PEO, 1980.
- 22.
- 23.
Antoniou, 2009.
- 24.
Panagi, 2010.
- 25.
Thullen, 1977.
- 26.
Ziartides, 1978: 8.
- 27.
PEO, 1980.
- 28.
Its role was to initially advise the Department of Labour and later on the Minister of Labour and Social Security on: (a) all trade issues and (b) make recommendations and suggestions on labour legislation.
- 29.
Haravgi, 1978: 1.
- 30.
- 31.
Phileleftheros, 1978a: 1.
- 32.
18th PEO Pancyprian Conference, 1979.
- 33.
Since 1983, on an annual basis in December the 13th pension is paid to all pensioners and is equal to the 1/12 of a pension which has been paid for the whole previous 12 months. For instance if someone’s pension is €1000 per month his or her 13th pension will be the same amount of €1000.
- 34.
Haravgi, 1980a.
- 35.
Haravgi, 1980a: 1.
- 36.
Haravgi, 1980a: 1.
- 37.
Yiallouros, 2007.
- 38.
Yiallouros, 2007.
- 39.
Phileleftheros, 1978a: 1.
- 40.
- 41.
Haravgi, 1980b: 1.
- 42.
Archives of the Ministry of Labour and Social Insurance, 1980.
- 43.
Yiallouros, 2007.
- 44.
The Social Insurance Law, 4, 1980.
- 45.
Archives of the Ministry of Labour and Social Insurance, 1980.
- 46.
- 47.
- 48.
Archives of the Ministry of Labour and Social Insurance, 1980: 52.
- 49.
- 50.
PEO, 1983b.
- 51.
Antoniou, 2009.
- 52.
Antoniou, 2009.
- 53.
PEO, 2006.
- 54.
PEO, 1980.
- 55.
Haravgi, 1980a.
- 56.
PEO, 1987.
- 57.
PEO, 1987.
- 58.
Haravgi, 1980c: 1.
- 59.
A denomination used by some currencies, the equivalent of a tenth of a cent or penny, or a thousandth of the currency unit (one Cyprus pound was equal to one thousand mills).
- 60.
PEO, 1980.
- 61.
PEO, 1980.
- 62.
Archives of the Ministry of Labour and Social Insurance, 1980.
- 63.
- 64.
PEO, 1980.
- 65.
PEO, 1980: 239.
- 66.
- 67.
Pantelis Varnava, 2006.
- 68.
Varnava, 2009.
- 69.
PEO, 1986: 96–97.
- 70.
Archives of the Ministry of Labour and Social Insurance, 1981–1986.
- 71.
Archives of the Ministry of Labour and Social Insurance, 1986.
- 72.
Archives of the Ministry of Labour and Social Insurance, 1986.
- 73.
Ministry of Labour and Social Insurance reported, 1987: ii.
- 74.
Archives of the Ministry of Labour and Social Insurance, 1988–1990.
- 75.
Panagi, 2003.
- 76.
EKYSY, 1983.
- 77.
Panagi, 2010.
- 78.
- 79.
Panagi, 2010.
- 80.
PEO, 1983b.
- 81.
PEO, 1983b.
- 82.
PEO, 1983b.
- 83.
- 84.
- 85.
- 86.
Archives of the Ministry of Labour and Social Insurance, 1993.
- 87.
Archives of the Ministry of Labour and Social Insurance, 1993.
- 88.
Lasettas, 1993.
- 89.
- 90.
PEO, 2004.
- 91.
The United Nations General Assembly decided to observe the year 1999 as the International Year of Older Persons, “in recognition of humanity’s demographic coming of age and the promise it holds for maturing attitudes and capabilities in social, economic, cultural and spiritual undertakings, not least for global peace and development in the next century” (United Nations General Assembly resolution 47/5, Proclamation on Ageing).
- 92.
- 93.
Protopapas, 2010.
- 94.
- 95.
Archives of the House of Elders, 1999.
- 96.
- 97.
- 98.
Archives of the House of Elders, 1999.
- 99.
- 100.
Archives of the House of Elders, 1999: 90.
- 101.
Protopapas, 2010.
- 102.
Protopapas, 2010.
- 103.
- 104.
Protopapas, 2010.
- 105.
Archives of the House of Elders, 1999.
- 106.
The ‘Social Pension’ was implemented on the March 1, 1995, and its aim was to provide payment to individuals, including housewives, who were not entitled to a retirement pension after their retirement.
- 107.
Archives of the House of Elders, 1999: 13.
- 108.
Social cards are provided to all persons having their permanent residence in Cyprus and who are over the age of 63 years, irrespective of whether or not they receive retirement pension. Also, it includes disability pensioners. The social card provides all card holders the opportunity to participate in cultural and other events and enjoy various benefits, including free transit on buses in urban and rural areas.
- 109.
An allowance paid to retirement pensioners on Eastern holidays. It is based on individual and family income.
- 110.
Archives of the House of Elders, 1999.
- 111.
Archives of the House of Elders, 2000.
- 112.
Archives of the House of Elders, 2001.
- 113.
Archives of the House of Elders, 2001:7.
- 114.
Archives of the House of Elders, 2001: 28.
- 115.
Archives of the House of Elders, 2001: 29.
- 116.
Archives of the House of Elders, 2001: 39.
- 117.
Archives of the House of Elders, 2001: 45–46.
- 118.
Archives of the House of Elders, 2002.
- 119.
Archives of the House of Elders, 2002: 64.
- 120.
- 121.
Archives of the House of Elders, 2002: 84–85.
- 122.
Archives of the House of Elders, 2003: 78.
- 123.
Ebrahim, 2002: 717.
- 124.
Protopapas, 2010.
- 125.
Protopapas, 2010.
- 126.
Archives of the House of Elders, 2004: 22.
- 127.
- 128.
Panagi, 2010.
- 129.
- 130.
Ministry of Labour and Social Insurance, 2007.
- 131.
Syntaxiouhos, 2007.
- 132.
Syntaxiouhos, 2008: 10.
- 133.
Skarparis, 2006.
- 134.
Skarparis, 2008.
- 135.
- 136.
Soteriou, 2011.
- 137.
- 138.
- 139.
The Economic Adjustment Programme for Cyprus, usually referred to as the Bailout programme, is a Memorandum of understanding on financial assistance to the Republic of Cyprus in order to cope with the 2012–13 Cypriot financial crisis. It was signed in March 2013 by the Cypriot Government on one hand, and on the other hand by the European Commission on behalf of the Eurogroup, the European Central Bank (ECB) and the International Monetary Fund (IMF).
- 140.
The Economic Adjustment Programme for Cyprus, usually referred to as the Bailout programme, is a Memorandum of understanding on financial assistance to the Republic of Cyprus in order to cope with the 2012–13 Cypriot financial crisis. It was signed in March 2013 by the Cypriot government on one hand, and on the other hand by the European Commission on behalf of the Eurogroup, the European Central Bank (ECB) and the International Monetary Fund (IMF).
- 141.
The presidential elections in Cyprus are held every five years in February. In late 2012, Demetris Christofias, a left-wing politician, was the President and it was during his term that the Cyprus government entered into negotiations with the Troika.
- 142.
Syntaxiouhos, 2013.
- 143.
Archives of the House of Elders, 2013: 28.
- 144.
Syntaxiouhos, 2014.
- 145.
Syntaxiouhos, 2014.
- 146.
Syntaxiouhos, 2014:13.
- 147.
Archives of the House of Elders, 2014.
- 148.
Syntaxiouhos, 2015.
- 149.
Archives of the House of Elders, 2015.
- 150.
Syntaxiouhos, 2016.
- 151.
- 152.
Syntaxiouhos, 2018:8.
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Neocleous, G. (2019). The Post-War Years, 1974–2004. In: Social Insurance and Older People in Cyprus. Palgrave Macmillan, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-02946-3_6
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