Skip to main content

Public Service Media in a Divided Country: Governance and Functioning of Public Broadcasters in Belgium

  • Chapter
  • First Online:

Abstract

The chapter explores the governance and functioning of public broadcasters in Belgium. Belgium is a federal state and as part of the unique structures in place, extensive policy competences rest with the distinct language communities. Among others, cultural and media policies are the autonomous responsibility of the French-, Dutch- and German-speaking communities. Whereas public service broadcasting commenced under the auspices of the Belgian state, its regionalisation became a fact throughout the 1960s and 1970s. The aim of the chapter is to sketch the governance and functioning of public service broadcasting in a divided country where not only policies, but also markets and audiences are very much separate. It pays attention to the importance of public broadcasters as institutions contributing to the cultural awareness of the Flemish (Dutch-speaking) community in particular and, at the same time, the downsides of a separated public service broadcasting regime in an already divided country.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution.

Buying options

Chapter
USD   29.95
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
eBook
USD   84.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as EPUB and PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
Hardcover Book
USD   109.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Durable hardcover edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info

Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout

Purchases are for personal use only

Learn about institutional subscriptions

References

  • Burgelman, J.-C., & Perceval, P. (1995). Belgium: The Politics of Public Broadcasting. In M. Raboy (Ed.), Public Broadcasting for the 21st Century (pp. 87–102). London: John Libbey Publishing.

    Google Scholar 

  • Coppens, T. (2003). Digital Public Broadcasting in Flanders: Walking the Tightrope. Telematics and Informatics,20, 143–159.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • De Bens, E. (2007). The Belgian Media Landscape. In G. Terzis (Ed.), European Media Governance: National and Regional Dimensions (pp. 73–82). Chicago: Intellect.

    Google Scholar 

  • Dhoest, A., & te Walvaart, M. (2018). Convergence and Participation in Children’s Television: The Case of Flemish Public Service Television. RIPE@2018, pp. 245–257.

    Google Scholar 

  • Dhoest, A., & Van den Bulck, H. (2007). Programmering: het precaire evenwicht tussen informatie, educatie, cultuur en ontspanning. In A. Dhoest & H. Van den Bulck (Eds.), Publieke televisie in Vlaanderen: een geschiedenis (pp. 172–197). Gent: Academia Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Donders, K. (2015). State Aid to Public Service Media: European Commission Decisional Practice Before and After the 2009 Broadcasting Communication. European State Aid Law Quarterly,1(15), 68–87.

    Google Scholar 

  • Donders, K., & Raats, T. (2017). Flanders: Increasing Transparency of Public Service Media Through Stakeholder Involvement in Policy-Making? In C. Herzog, H. Hilker, L. Novy, & O. Torun (Eds.), Transparency and Funding of Public Service MediaDie deutsche Debatte im internationalen Kontext (pp. 41–53). Wiesbaden: Springer Verlag.

    Google Scholar 

  • Goossens, C. (1998). Radio en televisie in Vlaanderen: een geschiedenis [Radio and Television in Flanders: A History]. Leuven: Davidsfonds.

    Google Scholar 

  • European Broadcasting Union (EBU). (2018). Funding of Public Service Media 2017. Geneva: EBU.

    Google Scholar 

  • Hobsbawm, E. J. (1990). Nations and Nationalism Since 1780: Programme, Myth, Reality. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Jongen, F., & Stephany, P. (1990). Audiovisuel, les révolutions de ’89. Brussels: CRISP, 175 p.

    Google Scholar 

  • La Communauté française and RTBF. (2012). Contrat de gestion 2013–2017. http://csa.be/system/documents_files/1703/original/RTBF_4eme_contrat%20de%20gestion%20coordonn%C3%A9.pdf?1428931299. Accessed 20 July 2018.

  • Lentzen, E. (1992). La réforme du statut de la RTBF (Courrier Hebdomadaire du CRISP, nr. 1375–1376). Brussel: CRISP, 84 p.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Morley, D., & Robins, K. (1995). Spaces of Identity: Global Media, Electronic Landscapes and Cultural Boundaries. London: Routledge.

    Google Scholar 

  • Price, M. (1995). Television, the Public Sphere, and National Identity. Oxford: Claredon Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Puppis, M. (2009). Media Regulation in Small States. International Communications Gazette,71(1–2), 7–17.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Raats, T. (2014). And Now for Something Completely Different. De rol en positie van de publieke omroep in een genetwerkte samenleving [The Role and Position of the Public Broadcaster in a Networked Society]. Unpublished Ph.D. dissertation, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Brussels.

    Google Scholar 

  • Raats, T. (2017, 18 December). The State of Fiction. Presentation Given at Are Your Series Festival.

    Google Scholar 

  • Raats, T., & Donders, K. (2016). De VRT en haar kernwaarden, een focus op onpartijdigheid. In T. Raats, H. Van den Bulck, & L. d’Haenens (Eds.), Een VRT voor morgen, of geen VRT meer morgen? [The VRT and Her Core Values: A Focus on Impartiality] (pp. 85–103). Kalmthout: Pelckmans.

    Google Scholar 

  • Raats, T., Evens, T., & Ruelens, S. (2016). Challenges for Sustaining Local Audiovisual Ecosystems: Analysis of Financing and Production of Domestic TV Fiction in Small Media Markets. Journal of Popular Television, 4(1), 129–147.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Raats, T., Livémont, E., & Iordache, C. (2018). TV Drama in Small Media Markets: A Benchmark Comparison of 5 Countries. Independent Report Prepared for the Irish Screenwriters Guild. Brussels: imec-SMIT-VUB.

    Google Scholar 

  • Saeys, F. (2007). Statuut, organisatie en financiering van de openbare televisieomroep in Vlaanderen [Statute, Organization and Financing of the Public Broadcaster in Flanders]. In A. Dhoest & H. Van Den Bulck (Eds.), Publieke televisie in Vlaanderen: een geschiedenis [Public Television in Flanders: A History] (pp. 23–52). Gent: Academia Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Saeys, F., & Antoine, F. (2007). Belgium. In L. D’Haenens & F. Saeys (Eds.), Western Broadcasting Models: Structure, Conduct and Performance (pp. 105–144). New York: Mouton de Gruyter.

    Google Scholar 

  • Scannell, P., & Cardiff, D. (1991). A Social History of British Broadcasting, Volume One, 1922–1939: Serving the Nation. Oxford: Basil Blackwell.

    Google Scholar 

  • Servaes, J. (1998). Media en politiek. In M. Swyngedouw & M. Martinello (Eds.), Belgische Toestanden. De lotgevallen van een kleine bi-culturele democratie (pp. 128–135). Antwerpen: Standaard Uitgeverij.

    Google Scholar 

  • Sinardet, D. (2008). Belgian Federalism Put to the Test: The 2007 Belgian Federal Elections and Their Aftermath. West European Politics,31(5), 1016–1032.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Truyts, A. (2016). Vrouwen op het scherm. De genderrepresentatie en beeldvorming van vrouwen bij de openbare omroep. Een kwalitatieve analyse van het beleid en de praktijk. MA proef. Brussels: VUB.

    Google Scholar 

  • Van Dam, D., & Nizet, J. (2002). Wallonie - Flandre. Des regards croisés. Namur: Presses Universitaires de Namur/De Boeck Université.

    Google Scholar 

  • Van den Bulck, H. (2001). Public Service Television and National Identity as a Project of Modernity: The Example of Flemish Television. Media, Culture and Society,23(1), 53–69.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Van den Bulck, H. (2007). Het beleid van publieke televisie: van hoogmis van de moderniteit naar postmodern sterk merk? In A. Dhoest & H. Van den Bulck (Eds.), Publieke televisie in Vlaanderen: een geschiedenis [Policy of Public Television: From High Mass of Modernity to a Postmodern Brand?] (pp. 58–83). Gent: Academia Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Van den Bulck, H. (2015). Media, Structuur en Werking [Media, Structure and Organization]. Antwerp: ACCO.

    Google Scholar 

  • Van den Bulck, H., & Van Poecke, L. (1995). National Language, Identity Formation and Broadcasting: The Flemish and German-Swiss Communities. In A. Sreberny-Mohammadi & S. Braman (Eds.), Globalisation, Communication and Transnational Civil Society. Creskill: Hampton Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Vlaamse Regering and VRT. (2015). Beheersovereenkomst 2016–2020 [Management Agreement 2016–2020]. https://www.vrt.be/content/dam/vrtbe/over-de-vrt/opdrachten/opdrachten/Beheersovereenkomst%202016-2020.pdf.

  • Voorhoof, D. (1995). Mediabeleid en mediarecht in Vlaanderen [Media Policy and Law in Flanders]. In J.-C. Burgelman, D. Biltereyst, & C. Pauwels (Eds.), Audiovisuele media in Vlaanderen: analyse en beleid [Audiovisual Media in Flanders: Analysis and Policy] (pp. 187–212). Brussel: VUB.

    Google Scholar 

  • Wauters, D., & Raats, T. (2018). Public Service Media and Ecosystem Sustainability Towards Elective Partnerships in Small Media Markets. In H. Van den Bulck, K. Donders, & G. Ferell Lowe (Eds.), Public Service Media in a Networked Society. RIPE@2018 (pp. 175–191). Goteborg: Nordicom.

    Google Scholar 

  • Witte, E., Craeybeckx, J. & Meynen, A. (1990). Politieke Geschiedenis van België: Van 1830 tot heden [A Political History of Belgium: From 1830 to Present]. Antwerpen: Standaard.

    Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

Authors

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Karen Donders .

Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

Copyright information

© 2019 The Author(s)

About this chapter

Check for updates. Verify currency and authenticity via CrossMark

Cite this chapter

Donders, K., Van den Bulck, H., Raats, T. (2019). Public Service Media in a Divided Country: Governance and Functioning of Public Broadcasters in Belgium. In: Połońska, E., Beckett, C. (eds) Public Service Broadcasting and Media Systems in Troubled European Democracies. Palgrave Macmillan, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-02710-0_5

Download citation

Publish with us

Policies and ethics