Abstract
The force of bridge pile foundation in karst areas is complicated. In order to determine the bearing capacity of bridge pile in these areas, the static load test is carried out. Bearing behaviors of the bridge pile in karst areas is analyzed using the displacement meter and strain gauge set respectively at the pile top and bottom. Furthermore, in combination with results of the static loading test for the rock-socketed pile, an optimization method for the socketed depth of the pile is proposed aiming at overcoming the shortcomings of existing pile-designing methods of bridge piles in karst areas. The results show that (1) The Q–s curve has a slowly-varying development under various vertical loads which shows a typical friction pile characteristic though the pile has been embedded in the depth of the limestone. Under a load of 8400 kN, the maximum settlement on the pile top is 3.69 mm, which is much less than 0.03 D or 40 mm, and the pile tip resistance is only 1.6% of the load on pile top. The tip resistance and shaft resistance of the pile are synchronized but with fairly different degrees of response. (2) The hyperbolic curve model is of high precision, and the forecast value is conservative when predicting the ultimate bearing capacity of a single pile, therefore, the hyperbolic model could be better for prediction in similar projects. (3) Based on the wide beam-pile mechanical model and the anti-bending failure mode, an optimal calculation method for rock-socketed depth of bridge piles in karst areas is proposed, which provide a theoretical reference for the design of pile foundation in karst areas.
This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution.
Buying options
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
Learn about institutional subscriptionsReferences
Feng, Z.: Foundation Engineering in Special Areas. China Communications Press, Beijing (2008)
Wu, S., Shi, H., Zhu, Z.: Effects of karst on pile foundations of GuangDong Foshan Lines. Chin. J. Rock Mech. Eng. 25(Suppl. 2), 3559–3564 (2006)
Waltham, T., Bell, F., Culshaw, M.: Sinkholes and Subsidence: Karst and Cavernous Rocks in Engineering and Construction. Springer/Praxis, Chichester (2005)
Dogan, U., Yilmaz, M.: Natural and induced sinkholes of the Obruk Plateau and Karapmar—Hotamis Plain, Turkey. J. Asian Earth Sci. 40(2), 496–508 (2011)
Zhou, J., Tang, Y., Yang, P., Zhang, X., Zhou, N., Wang, J.: Inference of creep mechanism in underground soil loss of karst conduits I. Conceptual model. Nat. Hazards 62(3), 1191–1215 (2012)
Perrier, H., Simon, M., Lacroix, M.: Road reinforcement with geotextile fabric: prevention of Karstic sink holes. In: Proceeding of 4th International Conference, The Hague, pp. 862–869 (1990)
Garlanger, J.E.: Foundation design in floride Karst. Concr. Int. 13(4), 56–62 (1991)
Abdulla, W.A., Goodings, D.J.: Modeling of sinkholes in weakly cemented sand. J. Geotech. Eng. 122(2), 998–1005 (1996)
Zhao, M., Cao, W., He, P.: Study on safe thickness of rock mass at end of bridge foundation’ s pile in karst and worked-out mine area. Rock Soil Mech. 25(01), 64–68 (2004)
Huang, S., Mei, S., Gong, W.: Testing study on bearing behavior of piles for NanPan river great bridge in karst areas. Chin. J. Rock Mech. Eng. 23(5), 809–813 (2004)
Panon, S.V., Kelly, W.R., Angel, J.C., Luman, D.E.: Hydrogeologic and topographic controls on evolution of karst features in Illinois’ sinkhole plain. Carbonates Evaporites 28, 13–21 (2013)
Ahmed, S.: Geophysical response of bedrock fractures, karst conduits, and associated surficial features, Bourbonnais, IL. Northern Illinois University (2002)
Goodings, D.J., Abdulla, W.A.: Stability charts for predicting sinkholes in weakly cemented sand over karst limestone. Eng. Geol. 65, 179–184 (2002)
Rowe, R.K., Armitage, H.H.: A design method for drilled piers in soft rock. Geotech. J. 24(1), 126–142 (1987)
Sowers, G.F.: Building on Sinkholes: Design and Construction of Foundations in Karst Terrain. ASCE, New York (1996)
Benmokrane, B., Mouchaorab, K.S., Ballivy, G.: Laboratory investigation of shaft resistance of rock-socketed piers using the constant normal stiffness direct shear test. Can. Geotech. J. 31(31), 407–419 (1994)
Pells, P.J.N., Turner, R.M.: Elastic solutions for the design and analysis of rock-socketed piles. Can. Geotech. J. 16(3), 481–487 (1978)
Qubain, B.S., Seksinsky, E.J., Li, J.: Design consideration for bridge foundation in Karst terrain. In: Proceedings and Field Trip Guide of the 49th Highway Geology Symposium, Prescott, Arizona, pp. 339–349 (2008)
Xiu, C., Li, D.: Mathematical description of P–S curves and prediction of ultimate load for vertical static load test of single pile. Chin. J. Geotech. Eng. 10(06), 64–73 (1988)
GB5007: Code for design of ground base and building foundation. In: The National Standards Compilation Group of People’s Republic of China, Beijing, China (2011)
Kulhawy, F.H., Phoon, K.K.: Drilled shaft side resistance in clay soil to rock. In: Design and Performance of Deep Foundations@ Piles and Piers in Soil and Soft Rock. ASCE (1993)
Xie, F.: A study on properties of bridge piles in karst areas. Chang’an University (2007)
Holl, D.L.: Analysis of thin rectangular plates supported on opposite edges. Iowa College (1936)
Acknowledgments
The study is supported by the Key Transportation Science and Technology Program of Henan Province under Grant No. 2014K48. The authors would also like to express their great appreciation to Fugui Xie for help in the development of the experiments and to Zhen Wang for refining and finalising the manuscript.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Editor information
Editors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 2019 Springer Nature Switzerland AG
About this paper
Cite this paper
Dong, Y., Feng, Z., Hao, Y., Yao, H., Wan, Q. (2019). Bearing Behaviors and Reasonable Rock-Socketed Depth of Bridge Pile Foundation in Karst Areas. In: El-Naggar, H., Abdel-Rahman, K., Fellenius, B., Shehata, H. (eds) Sustainability Issues for the Deep Foundations. GeoMEast 2018. Sustainable Civil Infrastructures. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-01902-0_13
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-01902-0_13
Published:
Publisher Name: Springer, Cham
Print ISBN: 978-3-030-01901-3
Online ISBN: 978-3-030-01902-0
eBook Packages: Earth and Environmental ScienceEarth and Environmental Science (R0)