Development of Communication as a Tool for Ensuring National Security in Data-Driven World (Russian Far North Case-Study)

Abstract

The issues of improving communication services in the Far North of Russia at the present stage are extremely relevant in connection with the plans for the development of the Northern Sea Route and its transformation into a global transit sea route. The Far North with its huge reserves of hydrocarbons, other minerals, and bioresources is of strategic importance in such areas of national security as economic, social, environmental, etc. Therefore, the issues of providing this part of the country with various communication services are also of strategic importance. The chapter presents data on cargo turnover along the Northern Sea Route, the state, and development of the nuclear icebreaking fleet; shows the dynamics of natural gas production in Russia over the past decade and the forecast of gas production for the future up to 2035. The peculiarities of the development of various types of communication are analyzed taking into account the peculiarities of the severe climate of the region: radio relay and fiber-optic communication lines, as well as satellite communications provided by the space vehicles located in the geostationary orbit and in highly elliptical orbits. The solution of the complex task of providing all consumers of this high-latitude region with high-quality high-speed information and telecommunication services contributes to the smooth year-round operation of the infrastructure management system of the Northern Sea Route.