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Steady and Unsteady Fluid Shear Control of Atherosclerosis

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Molecular Basis for Microcirculatory Disorders

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Abstract

Atherosclerosis remains a leading cause of morbidity and mortality in the Western world (115, 126). It is a chronic systemic disease attributed to many well-identified risk factors (i.e. diabetes mellitus, hyperlipidemia, hypercholesteremia, hypertension, and cigarette smoking). Yet the formation of atherosclerotic lesions do not occur in a random fashion. The coronary arteries, the major branches of the aortic arch, and the abdominal aorta are particularly susceptible sites. Given the focal nature of plaque formation within these regions, it has long been suggested that certain characteristics of fluid shear stress unique to these regions may potentiate the early stages of atherogenesis independent of other risk factors. Detailed analyses of fluid mechanics in atherosclerosis-susceptible regions of the vasculature reveal a strong correlation between endothelial cell dysfunction and areas of low mean shear stress and oscillatory flow with flow recirculation. Conversely, steady shear stress stimulates cellular responses that are essential for endothelial cell function and are atheroprotective.

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Authors
  1. John Frangos
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  2. Charles R. White
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  3. Nathalie Dusserre
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Frangos, J., White, C.R., Dusserre, N. (2003). Steady and Unsteady Fluid Shear Control of Atherosclerosis. In: Molecular Basis for Microcirculatory Disorders. Springer, Paris. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-2-8178-0761-4_6

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-2-8178-0761-4_6

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