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Tissu adipeux brun : fonction et développement

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Physiologie et physiopathologie du tissu adipeux

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Résumé

Le tissu adipeux brun (TABr) répond à la définition d’un organe par la localisation anatomique particulière de ses principaux dépôts, son organisation fonctionnelle et sa fonction spécifique. Le TABr est composé principalement de cellules adipeuses particulières, les adipocytes bruns, capables d’oxyder rapidement les acides gras et de produire de la chaleur en réponse à des situations physiologiques particulières. Presque 50 années après la mise en évidence de sa fonction thermogénique, et 35 années après l’élucidation du mécanisme thermogénique, ce tissu continue à attirer l’attention par son énorme capacité de brûler les graisses contrairement aux adipocytes blancs. Il représente une voie vers des applications dans le domaine des maladies métaboliques de pléthore. Ce tissu est sous les feux de l’actualité suite à l’utilisation des méthodes d’imagerie modernes rehaussant son importance dans l’espèce humaine et aussi parce qu’on vient de découvrir que les adipocytes bruns sont plus proches qu’on ne pensait des myocytes.

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  1. Service de Biochimie Métabolique, Hôpital Necker-Enfants Malades, Tour Lavoisier étage 4, 149, rue de Sèvres, 75743, Paris Cedex 15, France

    D. Ricquier

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Ricquier, D. (2013). Tissu adipeux brun : fonction et développement. In: Physiologie et physiopathologie du tissu adipeux. Springer, Paris. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-2-8178-0332-6_5

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-2-8178-0332-6_5

  • Publisher Name: Springer, Paris

  • Print ISBN: 978-2-8178-0331-9

  • Online ISBN: 978-2-8178-0332-6

  • eBook Packages: MedicineMedicine (R0)

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