Résumé
Le cancer du sein est le cancer féminin le plus fréquent et reste la première cause de mortalité par cancer chez la femme. En l’absence de tout moyen de prévention primaire, le diagnostic précoce des lésions de petites tailles au stade infraclinique est un des éléments les plus significatifs qui apporte un gain pronostique significatif et une réduction de mortalité par cancer. L’imagerie interventionnelle en représente une étape importante. Son principal objectif est l’optimisation du diagnostic et du traitement. En cas de malignité, la connaissance des résultats en préopératoire facilite l’annonce du diagnostic, l’élaboration du projet thérapeutique et permet d’optimiser la chirurgie (programmation du geste ganglionnaire, réduction du temps d’extemporané, amélioration de la qualité d’exérèse) [1]. Enfin, sur le plan économique, les biopsies permettent une réduction des coûts de prise en charge. Environ 1 femme sur 6 aura besoin d’une biopsie dans sa vie et l’amélioration des techniques d’imagerie va encore augmenter le nombre de biopsies. Un élément essentiel commun à toutes les techniques de biopsies sera la représentativité et la fiabilité des prélèvements. La qualité des résultats dépendra de l’expérience de l’opérateur, de la qualité de l’indication, des prélèvements, de la lecture cyto-anatomopathologique et enfin de l’intégration des résultats à l’ensemble du dossier médico-radiologique. La prise en charge de ces anomalies est codifiée selon la classification BIRADS de l’American College of Radiology (ACR) qui permet de standardiser une conduite à tenir, et en particulier de poser les indications de prélèvements.
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Seror, JY. (2012). De l’image aux prélèvements mammaires Cytoponctions, microbiopsies, macrobiopsies sous aspiration et système Intact®. In: Cancer du sein. Springer, Paris. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-2-8178-0245-9_18
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-2-8178-0245-9_18
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