Abstract
Uncertainty over the role of applied climatologists and the hard-to-track intellectual extent of the field have clouded understanding of the importance of applied climatology. These factors also make defining the field’s history complex and challenging. Assessment of the past and the potential of applied climatology requires unraveling the definition of applied climatology. In fact, this investigation of the history of applied climatology has been a study of the evolving definition of an ever-changing field.
This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution.
Buying options
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
Learn about institutional subscriptionsPreview
Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.
References
Brooks, C.E.P., 1925: The distribution of thunderstorms over the globe. Geophys. Mem., 3, 36–47.
Brooks, C.F., 1915: The snowfall of the eastern United States. Mon. Wea. Rev., 43, 9–15.
Brooks, C.F., 1925: The cooling of man under various weather conditions. Mon. Wea. Rev., 53, 28–33.
Changnon, S.A., 1992: Contents of climate predictions desired by agricultural decision makers. J. Appl. Meteor., 31, 1488–1491.
Changnon, S.A., R.G. Semonin, A.H. Auer, R.R. Braham, and J. Hales, 1981: METROMEX: A Review and Summary. Meteor. Monogr., No. 40, Amer. Meteor. Soc., 291 pp.
Changnon, S.A., S. Sonka, and S. Hofing, 1988: Assessing climate information use in agribusiness. Part 1: Actual and potential use and impediments to use. J. Climate, 1, 757–765.
Changnon, S.A., P.J. Lamb, and K. Hubbard, 1990: Regional climate centers: New institutions for climate services and climate impact records. Bull. Amer. Meteor. Soc., 71, 527–537.
Changnon, S.A., J. Changnon, and D. Changnon, 1995: Assessment of uses of climate forecasts in the utility industry in the central United States. Bull. Amer. Meteor. Soc., 76, 711–720.
Chow, V.T., 1953: Frequency analysis of hydrologic data with special application to rainfall intensities. Bulletin 444, University of Illinois Engineering Experiment Station, Urbana, IL 83 pp.
Conrad, V., 1936: Die klimatologischen Elemente und ihre Obhangigket von terrestreschen Einflussen. Handbuchder Klimatologie, Vol. 1, W. Köppen and R. Geiger, Eds., Berlin University, 1–48.
Conrad, V., and L.W. Pollack, 1944: Methods in Climatology. Harvard University Press, 459 pp.
Court, A., 1949: Separating frequency distributions into two normal components. Science, 110, 500–501.
Dorno, C., 1933: Physiological meteorology. Bull. Amer. Meteor. Soc., 14, 69–70.
Fleming, J.R., 1990: Meteorology in America, 1800–1870. The Johns Hopkins University Press, 264 pp.
Flora, S.D., 1953: Tornadoes of the United States. University of Oklahoma, 201 pp.
Hershfield, D.M., 1961: Rainfall Frequency Atlas of the United States. U.S. Weather Bureau, 61 pp.
Horton, R.E., 1927: On the Hydrology of the Great Lakes. Engineering Board of Review, Sanitary District of Chicago, 341 pp.
Huff, F.A., 1986: Urban hydrometeorology review. Bull. Amer. Meteor. Soc., 67, 703–711.
Huschke, R.E., Ed., 1959: Glossary of Meteorology. Amer. Meteor. Soc., 638 pp.
Jacobs, W.C., 1947: Wartime Developments in Applied Climatology. Meteor. Monogr., No. 1, Amer. Meteor. Soc., 52 pp.
Kates, R.W., 1985: Climate Impacts Assessment: Studies of the Interaction of Climate and Society. John Wiley & Sons, 403 pp.
Köppen, W., 1885: Zur Charakteristik der Regen in NW Europa und Nordamevika. Meteor. Z., 10–24.
Köppen, W., 1931: Grundriss der Klimakunde. Walter de Gruyter & Co.
Kunkel, K.E., S.A. Changnon, C.G. Lonnquist, and J.R. Angel, 1990: A real-time climate information system for the midwestern United States. Bull. Amer. Meteor. Soc., 71, 601–609.
Landsberg, H.E., 1956: The climate of towns. Man’s Role in Changing the Face of the Earth, University of Chicago Press, 584–606.
Landsberg, H.E., and W.C. Jacobs, 1951: Applied climatology. Compendium of Meteorology, T.F. Malone, Ed., Amer. Meteor. Soc., 976–992.
Langbein, W.B., 1955: Floods. Princeton University Press, 469 pp.
Linsley, R.K., M.A. Kohler, and J. Paulhus, 1958: Hydrology for Engineers. McGraw-Hill, 340 pp.
Martin, E.T., 1952: Thomas Jefferson: Scientist. H. Schuman, 89 pp.
Maunder, W.J. 1970: The Value of Weather. Methuen & Co., 388 pp.
McQuigg, J.D., 1974: The use of meteorological information in economic development. Applications of meteorology to economic and social development. World Meteorological Organization Tech. Note 132, 7–59.
Mitchell, J.M., 1953: On the causes of instrumentally observed secular temperature trends. J. Meteor., 10, 244–261.
Oke, T.R., 1984: Methods in urban climatology. Appl. Climatol., 14, 19–29.
Palmer, W.C., 1965: Meteorological drought. U.S. Weather Bureau Research Paper 45, 61 pp.
Penman, H.L., 1940: Meteorological and soil factors affecting evaporation from soil. Quart. J. Roy. Meteor. Soc., 66, 401–410.
Riebsame, W.E., S.A. Changnon, and T.R. Karl, 1991: Drought and Natural Resources Management in the United States. Westview Press, 174 pp.
Rodenhuis, D.R., 1994: Climate Services of the Future. Climate Analysis Center, 8 pp.
Tannehill, T.R., 1947: Droughts, Its Causes and Effects. Princeton University Press, 412 pp.
Thiessen, A.H., 1912: Using weather data in engineering problems. Mon. Wea. Rev., 40, 1565–1567.
Thompson, L.M., 1964: Our recent high yields—How much due to weather? Research on Water, Soil Science Society of America, 74–84.
Thornthwaite, C.W., 1937: The hydrologic cycle re-examined Soil Conserv., 3, 85–91.
Thornthwaite, C.W., 1948: An approach toward a national classification of climate. Geophys. Rev., 38, 55–94.
Trewartha, G.T., 1960: The Earth’s Problem Climates. University of Wisconsin Press, 334 pp.
U.S. Department of Agriculture, 1941: Climate and Man. 1789 pp. USWB: Thunderstorm rainfall. Hydromet. Rep. 5, U.S. Weather Bureau, 183 pp.
van Bavel, C.H.M., 1960: Use of climate data in guiding water management on farms. Water Agric., 62, 89–100.
Visher, S.S., 1943: The season’s arrivals and lengths. Ann. Amer. Assoc. Geograph., 33, 129–134.
Wallace, H.A., 1920: Mathematical inquiry into the effect of weather on corn yield in the eight corn belt states. Mon. Wea. Rev., 48, 439–446.
Ward, R., C.F. Brooks, and A. J. Conner, 1936: The climates of North America. Handbuch der Klimatologie, Vol. 2, W. Köppen and R. Geiger, Eds., Berlin University, 264–289.
White, G.F., 1964: Choice of Adjustment to Floods. University of Chica go Press, 108 pp.
White, G.F., and J.E. Haas, 1975: Assessment of Research on Natural Hazards. MIT Press, 487 pp.
Whitnah, D., 1961: A History of the United States Weather Bureau. University of Illinois Press, 288 pp.
Wolman, A., 1962: Water resources. National Academy of Sciences, Publ. 1000-B, 69 pp.
Editor information
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 1996 American Meteorological Society
About this chapter
Cite this chapter
Changnon, S.A. (1996). Applied Climatology: A Glorious Past, an Uncertain Future. In: Fleming, J.R. (eds) Historical Essays on Meteorology 1919–1995. American Meteorological Society, Boston, MA. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-940033-84-6_13
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-940033-84-6_13
Publisher Name: American Meteorological Society, Boston, MA
Online ISBN: 978-1-940033-84-6
eBook Packages: Springer Book Archive