Abstract
An assessment is made of each component of the heat budgets of the surface and of the earth-atmosphere system in the central Arctic, both for an ice-covered ocean and for an ice-free ocean. The annual patterns of atmospheric heat loss for both conditions are obtained as residuals; the relation of these patterns to general atmospheric circulation and glacier accumulation is discussed.
It is shown that atmospheric cooling in the Arctic is closely related to certain indices of atmospheric circulation. An ice-free Arctic Ocean would probably be associated with atmospheric circulation more vigorous in summer at subarctic latitudes and of comparable vigor in winter. The cool summers and warm, moist winters would be highly conducive to glacier growth.
This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.
Access this chapter
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
Preview
Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.
References
Bjerknes, J., and Y. Mintz, 1955: Investigations of the general circulation of the atmosphere. Final Rept., Dept. of Meteorology, University of California, Los Angeles.
Dolgin, I. M., D. L. Laikhtman, N. P. Rusin and A. F. Treshnikov, 1962: Results of meteorological investigations in the Arctic and Antarctic. Proc. All Union Scientific Meteorological Conference, Vol. 1, Leningrad (NASA Translation F-168, May 1964).
Doronin, Yu P., 1963: On the heat balance of the central Arctic. Proc. Arctic.Antarctic Sci. Res. Inst., Leningrad, 253, 178–184.
Fletcher, J. O., 1965: The heat budget of the Arctic Basin and its relation to climate. Rept. R-444-PR, The RAND Corporation, Santa Monica, Calif., 179 pp.
Gaigerov, S. S., 1964: Aerology of the Polar Regions. Moscow, Hydrometeorological Publishing House, 304 pp.
Lamb, H. H., and A. I. Johnson, 1959, 1961: Climatic variation and observed changes in general circulation. Geograf. Ann., Parts I and II, 41, Part III, 43.
Marshunova, M. S., 1961: Principal characteristics of the radiation balance of the underlying surface and of the atmosphere in the Arctic. Proc. Arctic.Antarctic Sci. Res. Inst., Leningrad, 229, 5–53.
Mintz, Y., 1965: Very long-term global integration of the primitive equations of atmospheric motion. World Meteorological Organization, No. 162, Tech. Publ. 79, Geneva, 141–167.
Putnins, P., 1963: Studies on the meteorology of Greenland. Second Int. Rept., U. S. Weather Bureau, Washington, D. C., 114 pp.
Untersteiner, N., 1964: Calculations of temperature regime and heat budget of sea ice in the central Arctic. J. Geophys. Res., 69, 4755–4766.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Editor information
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 1968 American Meteorological Society
About this chapter
Cite this chapter
Fletcher, J.O. (1968). The Influence of the Arctic Pack Ice on Climate. In: Mitchell, J.M. (eds) Causes of Climatic Change. Meteorological Monographs, vol 8. American Meteorological Society, Boston, MA. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-935704-38-6_7
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-935704-38-6_7
Publisher Name: American Meteorological Society, Boston, MA
Online ISBN: 978-1-935704-38-6
eBook Packages: Springer Book Archive