Abstract
Useful application of ashes produced in the thermal conversion of biomass can contribute to the green image of biomass as a source of sustainable energy. This chapter gives an overview of the different forms of ash utilization that exist or are being developed for biomass ashes. The first section reviews options for ashes from co-firing of biomass and coal, both established forms of utilization in cement and concrete, and alternative options, e.g., manufacture of lightweight aggregates. The second section discusses utilization options for residues from “pure” biomass combustion. The large variation in biomass fuels and installation types makes this a complex issue. Besides recycling of clean wood ash to forests, these are all emerging forms of utilization. The third section discusses the specific issues related to the utilization of carbon-rich ashes from biomass gasification and pyrolysis.
Access this chapter
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
Preview
Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.
References
KEMA (1998) Zekerstelling van kolenreststoffen. Fijnmazige selectie van toepassingsmogelijkheden. Report 98570110-KST/MAT 98-6608, KEMA, Arnhem, Netherlands (in Dutch)
Pels JR et al. (2004) Askwaliteit en toepassingsmogelijkheden bij verbranding van schone biomassa (BIOAS). Report ECN-C-04-091, ECN, Petten, Netherlands (in Dutch)
Pels JR et al. (2006) GASASH – improvement of the economics of biomass/waste gasification by higher carbon conversion and advanced ash management. Report ECN-C-06-038, ECN, Petten, Netherlands
Sarabèr AJ, Overhof LFAG (2009) Identification of bulk and niche applications of ashes derived from co-combustion, co-gasification and biomass combustion Report 50780586.610-TOS/ECC 08-9280 (confidential), KEMA, Arnhem, Netherlands
Gómez-Barea A et al. (2009) Plant optimisation and ash recycling in fluidised bed waste gasification. Chem Eng J 146:227–236
Communication from the Commission to the Council and to Parliament (1989) A community strategy for waste management. SEC (89):934 final, 18 September 1989
Sarabèr AJ et al. (2008) Prediction of volume and composition of future ashes in the Netherlands, Report, 50780586.610-TOS/MEC 08-9086 (confidential), KEMA, Arnhem
Dutch Building Materials Decree (Bouwstoffenbesluit) (1995) Nr. 12689/165, Netherlands Ministry of Housing, Spatial Planning and the Environment (VROM)
Schreurs JPGM, www.besluitbodemkwaliteit.info, last access date: 2010 08 30
Proceedings of the RECASH International Seminar, 8–10 November 2005, Prague, Czech Republic, published by Forests of the Czech Republic, ISBN 80-86945-10-3; and proceedings of the RECASH 2nd International Seminar, 26−28 September 2006, Karlstad, Sweden, published by the Swedish Forestry Agency
Skogsstyrelsen (2001) Rekommendiationer vid uttag av skogsbränsle och kompensationsgödsling (Recommendations for the extraction of forest fuel and compensation fertilizing Swedish Forestry Agency (in Swedish)
Skogsstyrelsen (2001) Skogsvårdslagen-Handbok (Silvicultural Act – Handbook), Swedish Forstry Agency (in Swedish)
Emilsson S (2006) International handbook. From extraction of forest fuels to ash recycling. Swedish Forestry Agency ISBN 91-975555-1-7
Moolenaar SW, De Haas MJG (2004) Landbouwkundige beoordeling biomassa-assen ECN (Agricultural assessment of biomass ashes ECN), Report 948.04, NMI, Wageningen, Netherlands (in Dutch)
Nutrienten Management Instituut (2000) Handboek Meststoffen (Handbook Fertilizers), ISBN 90 5439 096 4, NMI, Netherlands
Sear LKA (ed) (2006) Proceedings of AshTech 2006, the international conference organized by the UKQAA, 15–17 May 2006, Birmhingham, UK, ISBN 0-9553490-0-1 (on CD)
Relini G (2000) Coal ash for artificial habitats in Italy. In: Jensen AC et al. (eds) Artificial reefs in European seas. Kluwer Academic Publishers, Dordrecht, The Netherlands
Kirbo K, www.reefball.org, last access date: 2010 08 15
www.c-fix.com, last access date: 2010 09 03
Day D (2005) Economical carbon capture, storage and utilization while producing renewable hydrogen and transportation fuels. Proceedings of the 14th European Biomass Conference and Exhibition, 17–21 October 2005, Paris, France, ISBN 88-89407-07-7 (on CD)
GASASH Deliverable Report 20 (2002) Improvement of the economics of biomass/waste gasification by higher carbon conversion and advanced ash management, ENK5-CT-2002-00635
Leiva C et al. (2007) Use of biomass gasification fly ash in light weight construction boards. Energ Fuel 21:361–367
Boersma AR et al. (2006) Smelten van biomassa-reststromen en afval tot (duurzame) energie en grondstoffen: een onderzoek naar mogelijke brandstofmengsels en een smeltervoorontwerp, Report ECN-C-06-013, ECN, Petten, Netherlands (in Dutch)
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Editor information
Editors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 2011 Springer-Verlag London Limited
About this chapter
Cite this chapter
Pels, J., Sarabèr, A. (2011). Utilization of Biomass Ashes. In: Grammelis, P. (eds) Solid Biofuels for Energy. Green Energy and Technology. Springer, London. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-84996-393-0_10
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-84996-393-0_10
Publisher Name: Springer, London
Print ISBN: 978-1-84996-392-3
Online ISBN: 978-1-84996-393-0
eBook Packages: EngineeringEngineering (R0)