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Pharmacological Studies to Reduce Brain Injury in Cardiac Surgery

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Brain Protection in Cardiac Surgery

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Abstract

An array of drugs have been used both experimentally and clinically as putative “neuroprotective agents” in an attempt to reduce the incidence of brain injury following cardiac surgery. Many have been used empirically with relatively little hard evidence supporting their use. Recently however, an increased understanding of the pathophysiology of ischemic brain injury has led to a more scientific approach and the intro­duction of many more possible therapeutic agents. Experimental trials are underway in several areas and there are real possibilities of future pharmacological neuroprotective drugs for use as adjuncts in cardiac surgery. Many of the studies have been conducted in models of hypothermic circulatory arrest (HCA) because of the higher incidence of brain injury observed in patients undergoing surgery utilizing HCA than in conventional cardiac surgery.1,2 This chapter aims to summarize the agents most commonly described so far and the evidence available for their use.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Queen Elizabeth Hospital, University Hospital Birmingham NHS Trust, Edgbaston, Birmingham, UK

    Deborah K. Harrington

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  1. Deborah K. Harrington
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  2. Vamsidhar B. Dronavalli
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  3. Robert S. Bonser
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Correspondence to Deborah K. Harrington .

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  1. Dept. Cardiothoracic Surgeon, Queen Elizabeth Hospital, Birmingham, B15 2TH, United Kingdom

    Robert S. Bonser

  2. Cardiothoracic Surgery, Beaumont Road 208, Birmingham, B30 1NX, United Kingdom

    Domenico Pagano

  3. Klinik für Herz-, Thorax-,, Transplantations- und Gefäßchirurgie, Medizinische Hochschule Hannover (MHH), Carl-Neuberg-Str. 1, Hannover, 30625, Germany

    Axel Haverich

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Harrington, D.K., Dronavalli, V.B., Bonser, R.S. (2011). Pharmacological Studies to Reduce Brain Injury in Cardiac Surgery. In: Bonser, R., Pagano, D., Haverich, A. (eds) Brain Protection in Cardiac Surgery. Springer, London. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-84996-293-3_15

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