Abstract
The role of the chemical-physical characteristics of the prosthetic biomaterials in the biomechanics of a total joint replacement is presented. The following main biomaterials are discussed: (1) the ultra high molecular weight polyethylene (UHMWPE): standard, cross linked, stabilized with vitamin E; (2) the polymethylmethacrylate (PMMA): standard cement, cements with low temperature polymerization, antibiotic-loaded cements; (3) the ceramic materials: oxide ceramics (over all Alumina-Zirconia Composites) as components of the artificial joint, and calcium phosphate ceramics as osteoconductive coatings on metal alloy components; (4) the metallic materials: stainless steel, alloys based on the Co-Cr system, Ti and its alloys. To know how the biomaterial modifies its mechanical properties in accordance with the manufacturing, sterilization, storage, handling, contact with- and reaction to the patient’s tissues and fluids is fundamental for the researchers and the surgeons, allowing a successful implant.
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Brach del Prever, E.M., Costa, L., Piconi, C., Baricco, M., Massè, A. (2016). Biomaterials for Total Joint Replacements. In: Poitout, D. (eds) Biomechanics and Biomaterials in Orthopedics. Springer, London. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-84882-664-9_5
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-84882-664-9_5
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