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Flexible Renal Nephroscopy: Overcoming the Difficulties

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Difficult Cases in Endourology

Abstract

In 1941, following an open surgery for nephrolithiasis, Rupel and Brown advanced a rigid cystoscope into the kidney through an established drainage tract to remove several obstructing calculi, effectively becoming the first to perform percutaneous nephroscopy. In 1955, the field was further advanced when Goodwin and colleagues reported successful, purposeful percutaneous access into a hydronephrotic kidney. However, it was not until 30 years later that percutaneous nephrostolithotomy (PCNL) would be popularized. Due to its minimally invasive nature, low morbidity, and great efficacy, PCNL has evolved into the gold standard for the treatment of large renal and proximal stones, including staghorn calculi.

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Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Urology, University of California, Irvine, Orange, CA, 92868, USA

    Joseph A. Graversen M.D.

  2. Department of Urology, New York University School of Medicine, 150 E 32nd Street, 2nd Floor, New York, NY, 10016, USA

    Adam C. Mues M.D.

  3. Department of Urology, Columbia University, 161 Fort Washington Avenue, New York, NY, 10032, USA

    Mantu Gupta M.D.

Authors
  1. Joseph A. Graversen M.D.
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  2. Adam C. Mues M.D.
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  3. Mantu Gupta M.D.
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Corresponding author

Correspondence to Joseph A. Graversen M.D. .

Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

  1. Fac. Medicine, Dept. Surgery, Kuwait University, Safat, Kuwait

    Ahmed M. Al-Kandari

  2. , Department of Urology, Muljibhai Patel Urological Hospital, Dr Virendra Desai Road, Nadiad, 387 001, India

    Mahesh Desai

  3. , Urology and Nephrology Center, Mansoura University, Gomhoria Street, Mansoura, 35516, Egypt

    Ahmed A. Shokeir

  4. , Urology and Nephrology Center, Mansoura University, Gomhoria Street, Mansoura, 35516, Egypt

    Ahmed M. Shoma

  5. , Smith Institute for Urology, Long Island Jewish Health System, New York, 11040, USA

    Arthur D. Smith

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© 2013 Springer-Verlag London

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Graversen, J.A., Mues, A.C., Gupta, M. (2013). Flexible Renal Nephroscopy: Overcoming the Difficulties. In: Al-Kandari, A., Desai, M., Shokeir, A., Shoma, A., Smith, A. (eds) Difficult Cases in Endourology. Springer, London. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-84882-083-8_9

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-84882-083-8_9

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  • Publisher Name: Springer, London

  • Print ISBN: 978-1-84882-082-1

  • Online ISBN: 978-1-84882-083-8

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