Abstract
Biodiesel is a renewable energy source produced from natural oils and fats, which can be used as a substitute for petroleum diesel without the need for diesel engine modification. In addition to being biodegradable and non-toxic, biodiesel is also essentially free of sulfur and aromatics, producing lower exhaust emissions than conventional gasoline whilst providing similar properties in terms of fuel efficiency. Fuel properties of biodiesel (viscosity, density, flash point cetane number, cloud point, and pour point, combustion efficiency, water content, comparison of fuel properties and combustion characteristics of methyl and ethyl esters, advantages and disadvantages of biodiesels, emission, biodegradability), benefits of biodiesel (reduces dependence on foreign oil, dwindling of worldwide fossil fuel supply, increases domestic oil security, more efficiency than alterative renewable fuels, such as ethanol, more biodegradablity than petro diesel, safer to transport and store and more environmentally responsible) have been investigated.
Access this chapter
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
Preview
Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.
References
Ali, Y., Hanna, M.A., Cuppett, S. L. 1995. Fuel properties of tallow and soybean oil esters. JAOCS 72:1557-1564.
Bala, B.K. 2005. Studies on biodiesels from transformation of vegetable oils for diesel engines. Energy Edu Sci Technol 15:1-43.
Browne, R.W., Armstrong, D. 2000. HPLC Analysis of lipid-derived polyunsaturated fatty acid peroxidation products in oxidatively modified human plasma. Clinical Chem 46:829-836.
Cardone, M., Prati, M.V., Rocco, V., Senatore, A. 1998. Experimental analysis of performances and emissions of a diesel engines fuelled with biodiesel and diesel oil blends. Proceedings of MIS–MAC V, Roma, p. 211–25. [in Italian].
Carraretto, C., Macor, A., Mirandola, A., Stoppato, A., Tonon, S. 2004. Biodiesel as alternative fuel: experimental analysis and energetic evaluations. Energy 29:2195–2211.
Demirbas, A. 2003. Biodiesel fuels from vegetable oils via catalytic and non-catalytic supercritical alcohol transesterifications and other methods: a survey. Energy Convers Mgmt 44:2093-2109.
Demirbas, A. 2006. Global biofuel strategies. Energy Edu Sci Technol 17:27–63.
Dorado, M.P., Ballesteros, E.A., Arnal, J.M., Gomez, J., Lopez, F.J. 2003. Exhaust emissions from a diesel engine fueled with transesterified waste olive oil. Fuel 82:1311–1315.
Dunn, R.O. 2001. Alternative jet fuels from vegetable-oils. Trans ASAE 44:1151–757.
Encinar, J.M., Gonzalez, J.F., Rodriguez, J.J., Tejedor, A. 2002. Biodiesel fuels from vegetable oils: Transesterification of Cynara cardunculus L. oils with ethanol. Energy Fuels 16:443-450.
EPA (US Environmental Protection Agency). 2002. A comprehensive analysis of biodiesel impacts on exhaust emissions. Draft Technical Report, EPA420-P-02-001, October 2002.
Formo, M.W. 1979. Physical properties of fats and fatty acids. Bailey’s Industrial Oil and Fat Products. Vol. 1, 4th edn. Wiley, New York.
Islam, M.N., Islam, M.N., Beg, M.R.A. 2004. The fuel properties of pyrolysis liquid derived from urban solid wastes in Bangladesh. Bioresour Technol 92:181-186.
Katan, M.B., Mensink, R.P., Zock, P.L. 1995. Trans fatty acids and their effect on lipoproteins in humans. Annu Rev Nutrit 15:473-493.
Knothe, G., Krahl, J., Van Gerpen, J. (eds.) 2005. The Biodiesel Handbook. AOCS, Champaign, IL.
Knothe, G., Sharp, C.A., Ryan, T.W. 2006. Exhaust emissions of biodiesel, petrodiesel, neat methyl esters, and alkanes in a new technology engine. Energy Fuels 20:403–408.
Kusdiana, D., Saka, S. 2004. Effects of water on biodiesel fuel production by supercritical methanol treatment. Bioresour Technol 91:289-295.
Laforgia, D., Ardito, V. 1994. Biodiesel fuelled IDI engines: performances, emissions and heat release investigation. Bioresour Technol 51:53–59.
Ma, F., Hanna, M.A. 1999. Biodiesel production: a review. Bioresour Technol 70:1–15.
Madras, G., Kolluru, C., Kumar, R. 2004. Synthesis of biodiesel in supercritical fluids. Fuel 83:2029–2033.
Mittelbach, M., Remschmidt, C. 2004. Biodiesels–The Comprehensive Handbook. Karl-Franzens University Press, Graz, Austria.
Mudge, S.M., Pereira, G. 1999. Stimulating the biodegradation of crude oil with biodiesel preliminary results. Spill Sci Technol Bull 5:353–355.
Mulkins-Phillips, G.J., Stewart, J.E. 1974. Effect of environmental parameters on bacterial degradation of bunker C oil, crude oils, and hydrocarbons. Appl Microbiol 28:915–922.
Peterson, C.L., Reece, D.L., Hammon, B., Thompson, J.C., Beck, S.M. 1995. Commercalization of idaho biodiesel from ethanol and waste vegetable oil. In: ASAE meeting presentation, Chicago, 18-23 June 1995. Paper No. 956738.
Pinto, A.C., Guarieiro, L.L.N., Rezende, M.J.C., Ribeiro, N.M., Torres, E.A., Lopes, W.A., Pereira, P. A.P., Andrade, J.B. 2005. Biodiesel: an overview. J Brazil Chem Soc 16:1313-1330.
Pischinger, G.M., Falcon, A.M., Siekmann, R.W., Fernandes, F.R. 1982. Methylesters of plant oils as diesels fuels, either straight or in blends. Vegetable Oil Fuels, ASAE Publication 4-82, American Society of Agricultural Engineers, St. Joseph, MI.
Piskorz, J., Radlein, D. 1999. Determination of biodegradation rates of bio-oil by respirometry. In: Bridgwater, A.V. et al. (eds.) Fast Pyrolysis: A Handbook, CPL Press, Kingfisher Court Newbury, UK, pp. 119–134.
Prakash, C.B. 1998. A critical review of biodiesel as a transportatıon fuel in Canada. A Technical Report. GCSI - Global Change Strategies International, Canada.
Schwab, A.W., Bagby, M.O., Freedman, B. 1987. Preparation and properties of diesel fuels from vegetable oils. Fuel 66:1372–1378.
Schumacher, L.G., Borgelt, S.C., Fosseen, D., Goetz, W., Hires, W.G. 1996. Heavy-duty engine exhaust emission test using methyl ester soybean oil/diesel fuel blends. Bioresour Technol 57:31–36.
Shay, E.G. 1993. Diesel fuel from vegetable oils: status and opportunities. Biomass Bioenergy 4:227–42.
Speidel, H.K., Lightner, R.L., Ahmed, I. 2000. Biodegradability of new engineered fuels compared to conventional petroleum fuels and alternative fuels in current use. Appl Biochem Biotechnol 84-86:879-897.
Srivastava, A., Prasad, R. 2000. Triglycerides-based diesel fuels. Renew Sustain Energy Rev 4:111–133.
Walker, D., Petrakis, L., Colwell, R.R. 1976. Comparison of biodegradability of crude and fuel oils. Can J Microbiol 22:598–602.
Williard, D.E., Kaduce, T.L., Harmon, S.D., Spector, A.A. 1998. Conversion of Eicosapentaenoic acid to chain-shortened omega–3 fatty acid metabolites by peroxisomal oxidation. J Lipid Res 39:978–986.
Zhang, X. 1996. Biodegradability of biodiesel in the aquatic and soil environments. Ph.D. dissertation, Department of Biological and Agricultural Engineering, University of Idaho, Moscow, ID.
Zhang, Y., Dub, M.A., McLean, D.D., Kates, M. 2003. Biodiesel production from waste cooking oil: 2. Economic assessment and sensitivity analysis. Bioresour Technol 90:229–240.
Zhang, X., Peterson, C., Reece, D., Haws, R., Moller, G., 1998. Biodegradability of biodiesel in the aquatic environment. Trans ASAE 41: 423-430.
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 2008 Springer London
About this chapter
Cite this chapter
(2008). Fuel Properties of Biodiesels. In: Biodiesel. Springer, London. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-84628-995-8_6
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-84628-995-8_6
Publisher Name: Springer, London
Print ISBN: 978-1-84628-994-1
Online ISBN: 978-1-84628-995-8
eBook Packages: Chemistry and Materials ScienceChemistry and Material Science (R0)