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Obesity and Lung Disease pp 21–45Cite as

Effects of Obesity on Airway Responsiveness

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Part of the book series: Respiratory Medicine ((RM,volume 19))

Abstract

Although obesity is a risk factor for asthma, the mechanistic basis for this relationship is not established. In this chapter, we review data from human subjects and animal models examining how obesity impacts a characteristic feature of asthma airway hyperresponsiveness. We focus on two aspects of obesity that may affect airway responsiveness: the impact of obesity on the mechanical properties of the lungs and chest wall, and the low-grade systemic inflammation that results from interactions between adipocytes and leukocytes that are recruited to obese adipose tissue. We also discuss the possibility that diet may contribute to airway hyperresponsiveness, either through direct effects of dietary constituents or by altering the gut microbiome. Determining how obesity promotes asthma may uncover novel therapeutic strategies that are effective in the obese asthmatic.

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Acknowledgments

This work was supported by National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences Grants ES-013307 and ES-000002, and National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute Grant HL-084044.

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  1. Environmental Health, Harvard School of Public Health, 665 Huntington Ave, Boston, MA, 02115, USA

    Stephanie A. Shore Ph.D.

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  1. Stephanie A. Shore Ph.D.
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Correspondence to Stephanie A. Shore Ph.D. .

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  1. , Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, University of Vermont College of Medicin, 89 Beaumont Ave., Burlington, 05405, Vermont, USA

    Anne E. Dixon

  2. , Clinical Development Medical Affairs, Respiratory Boehringer Ingelheim Pharmac, N/A, Ridgefield, 06877, Connecticut, USA

    Emmanuelle M. Clerisme-Beaty

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Shore, S.A. (2013). Effects of Obesity on Airway Responsiveness. In: Dixon, A., Clerisme-Beaty, E. (eds) Obesity and Lung Disease. Respiratory Medicine, vol 19. Humana Press, Totowa, NJ. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-62703-053-3_2

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