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Burkitt Lymphoma and Leukemia

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Adult Acute Lymphocytic Leukemia

Part of the book series: Contemporary Hematology ((CH))

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Abstract

Burkitt lymphoma and Burkitt leukemia are highly aggressive B-cell malignancies characterized genetically by constitutive activation of the c-myc oncogene and clinically by a rapid growth phase often with extranodal presentation including frequent central nervous system (CNS) involvement. The aggressiveness of this malignancy, with a tumor doubling time of 24–48 h, necessitates prompt initiation of therapy. The British surgeon Denis Burkitt first described this disease entity in 1958 after observing a clustering of cases of children with jaw tumors spanning central East Africa [1]. He found that while surgical resection was not particularly effective against the disease, chemotherapy could treat, and in some cases, cure these neoplasms. Survival rates improved significantly first in children through the use of shorter duration, dose-intensive systemic chemotherapy protocols with early prophylaxis/treatment of the CNS. Similar therapeutic regimens have been adapted in adults using intensive multi-agent chemotherapy plans, which have resulted in similarly improved long-term survival rates.

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  1. Department of Medicine, Division of Hematology/Oncology, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Robert H. Lurie Comprehensive Cancer Center, Chicago, IL, USA

    Andrew M. Evens

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    Anjali S. Advani

  2. School of Medicine, University Hospitals of Cleveland, Euclid Avenue 11100, Cleveland, 44106, Ohio, USA

    Hillard M. Lazarus

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David, K.A., Roberts, M., Peterson, L.C., Evens, A.M. (2011). Burkitt Lymphoma and Leukemia. In: Advani, A., Lazarus, H. (eds) Adult Acute Lymphocytic Leukemia. Contemporary Hematology. Humana Press. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-60761-707-5_13

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