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Insomnia in Parkinson’s Disease

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Parkinson’s Disease and Nonmotor Dysfunction

Part of the book series: Current Clinical Neurology ((CCNEU))

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Abstract

The International Classification of Sleep Disorders (ICSD) defines insomnia simply as “difficulty in initiating and/or maintaining sleep”. Other definitions exist, and there is no clear consensus in this matter. The core elements of insomnia are an inadequate quantity or quality of sleep, with both nocturnal and daytime consequences. Traditionally, insomnia has been subgrouped into sleep-onset insomnia, sleep-maintaining insomnia, and insomnia with early morning awakening; however, there is extensive overlap, and most insomniacs fit into more than one subgroup.

Sleep disorders, particularly in the elderly, are strongly associated with increased morbidity and mortality, significant limitations in activities of daily living, and impaired quality of life. Aside from the obvious complications of daytime fatigue and somnolence, insomniacs have an increased incidence of psychiatric disorders such as depression and anxiety, increased use of over-the-counter medications and alcohol, and a higher incidence of accidents and unemployment. Chronic sleep loss has multisystem consequences and may represent a risk factor for obesity, insulin resistance, and Type 2 diabetes. However, the brunt of negative effects of sleep deprivation is borne by the brain. Chronic insomnia independently predicts incident cognitive decline in older men, but it also has been suggested that some degree of apparent age-related cognitive decline may be due to treatable insomnia.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Neurological Institute, University Hospitals and Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine, 11100 Euclid Ave, Cleveland, OH, 44106, USA

    Maria L. Moro-de-Casillas M.D. & David E. Riley M.D.

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  1. Maria L. Moro-de-Casillas M.D.
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  2. David E. Riley M.D.
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Correspondence to David E. Riley M.D. .

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Editors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Neurology, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, TN, USA

    Ronald F. Pfeiffer (Professor and Vice Chair) (Professor and Vice Chair)

  2. Parkinson’s Disease and Related Disorders Clinic, SUNY Downstate Medical Center, Brooklyn, NY, USA

    Ivan Bodis-Wollner

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Moro-de-Casillas, M.L., Riley, D.E. (2013). Insomnia in Parkinson’s Disease. In: Pfeiffer, R.F., Bodis-Wollner, I. (eds) Parkinson’s Disease and Nonmotor Dysfunction. Current Clinical Neurology. Humana Press, Totowa, NJ. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-60761-429-6_17

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