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Dystonia

  • Chapter
Book cover Hyperkinetic Movement Disorders

Part of the book series: Current Clinical Neurology ((CCNEU))

Abstract

Dystonia is defined as a “syndrome of sustained muscle contractions, frequently causing twisting and repetitive movements or abnormal postures” [1]. Despite the compact definition, the range of phenomenology is wide. Variations in both the quality of movements as well as the location of these movements are broad and frequently lead to misdiagnosis, especially when the clinical manifestations are subtle.

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Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Neurology, Beth Israel Medical Center, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, New York, NY, 10003, USA

    Vicki Shanker MD & Susan Bressman MD

Authors
  1. Vicki Shanker MD
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  2. Susan Bressman MD
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Corresponding author

Correspondence to Vicki Shanker MD .

Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Medicine (Neurology) and Medical Genetics, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada

    Oksana Suchowersky

  2. Department of Neurology, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL, USA

    Cynthia Comella

Electronic Supplementary material

CASE 1 - Dystonic posturing (mov 77,790 KB)

CASE 1 - Dystonic posturing (mp4 922 KB)

CASE 1 - Dystonic posturing (wmv 881 KB)

CASE 2 - Dystonic tremor (mpg 201,013 KB)

CASE 2 - Dystonic tremor (mpg 1,723 KB)

CASE 2 - Dystonic tremor (mpg 5,311 KB)

CASE 3 - Overflow dystonia (m1v 43,589 KB)

CASE 3 - Overflow dystonia (m1v 520 KB)

CASE 3 - Overflow dystonia (m1v 657 KB)

CASE 4 - Overflow dystonia (mpg 72,604 KB)

CASE 4 - Overflow dystonia (mpg 872 KB)

CASE 4 - Overflow dystonia (mpg 2,165 KB)

CASE 5 - Geste antagoniste (m1v 107,462 KB)

CASE 5 - Geste antagoniste (m1v 8,587 KB)

CASE 5 - Geste antagoniste (m1v 9,739 KB)

CASE 6 - Blepharospasm (mpg 124,832 KB)

CASE 6 - Blepharospasm (mpg 1,471 KB)

CASE 6 - Blepharospasm (mpg 1,559 KB)

CASE 7 - Oral-mandibular dystonia (mpg 121,992 KB)

CASE 7 - Oral-mandibular dystonia (mpg 1,432 KB)

CASE 7 - Oral-mandibular dystonia (mpg 1,799 KB)

CASE 8 - Spasmodic dysphonia (m1v 151,501 KB)

CASE 8 - Spasmodic dysphonia (m1v 1,798 KB)

CASE 8 - Spasmodic dysphonia (m1v 1,854 KB)

CASE 9 - Cervical dystonia: torticollis (mpg 66,925 KB)

CASE 9 - Cervical dystonia: torticollis (mpg 784 KB)

CASE 9 - Cervical dystonia: torticollis (mpg 794 KB)

CASE 10 - Cervical dystonia: retrocollis (m1v 149,423 KB)

CASE 10 - Cervical dystonia: retrocollis (m1v 11,532 KB)

CASE 10 - Cervical dystonia: retrocollis (m1v 6,675 KB)

CASE 11 - Cervical dystonia: anterocollis (mpg 129,030 KB)

CASE 11 - Cervical dystonia: anterocollis (mpg 1,320 KB)

CASE 11 - Cervical dystonia: anterocollis (mpg 2,187 KB)

CASE 12 - Writer’s cramp (m1v 103,183 KB)

CASE 12 - Writer’s cramp (m1v 8,214 KB)

CASE 12 - Writer’s cramp (m1v 6,695 KB)

CASE 13 - Segmental dystonia: Meige syndrome (mpg 125,531 KB)

CASE 13 - Segmental dystonia: Meige syndrome (mpg 9,993 KB)

CASE 13 - Segmental dystonia: Meige syndrome (mpg 3,328 KB)

CASE 14 - Multifocal dystonia: Hemidystonia (m1v 148,710 KB)

CASE 14 - Multifocal dystonia: Hemidystonia (m1v 11,966 KB)

CASE 14 - Multifocal dystonia: Hemidystonia (m1v 9,295 KB)

CASE 15 - Generalized dystonia (mpg 104,336 KB)

CASE 15 - Generalized dystonia (mpg 1,231 KB)

CASE 15 - Generalized dystonia (mpg 3,607 KB)

CASE 16 - Primary dystonia: DYT1 (mpg 227,929 KB)

CASE 16 - Primary dystonia: DYT1 (mpg 2,660 KB)

CASE 16 - Primary dystonia: DYT1 (mpg 4,585 KB)

CASE 17 - Primary dystonia: DYT6 (m1v 130,048 KB)

CASE 17 - Primary dystonia: DYT6 (m1v 10,473 KB)

CASE 17 - Primary dystonia: DYT6 (m1v 9,094 KB)

CASE 18 - Secondary dystonia: Dopamine responsive dystonia (mpg 275,588 KB)

CASE 18 - Secondary dystonia: Dopamine responsive dystonia (mpg 21,731 KB)

CASE 18 - Secondary dystonia: Dopamine responsive dystonia (mpg 8,659 KB)

CASE 19 - Secondary dystonia: Myoclonus dystonia (mpg 154,712 KB)

CASE 19 - Secondary dystonia: Myoclonus dystonia (mpg 11,976 KB)

CASE 19 - Secondary dystonia: Myoclonus dystonia (mpg 3,110 KB)

CASE 20 - Secondary dystonia: Rapid onset dystonia parkinsonism (mpg 149,032 KB)

CASE 20 - Secondary dystonia: Rapid onset dystonia parkinsonism (mpg 11,594 KB)

CASE 20 - Secondary dystonia: Rapid onset dystonia parkinsonism (mpg 2,367 KB)

CASE 21 - Secondary dystonia: Psychogenic (m1v 302,886 KB)

CASE 21 - Secondary dystonia: Psychogenic (m1v 24,472 KB)

CASE 21 - Secondary dystonia: Psychogenic (m1v 8,570 KB)

CASE 22 - Secondary dystonia: Psychogenic (mpg 172,128 KB)

CASE 22 - Secondary dystonia: Psychogenic (mpg 13,937 KB)

CASE 22 - Secondary dystonia: Psychogenic (mpg 5,405 KB)

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Shanker, V., Bressman, S. (2012). Dystonia. In: Suchowersky, O., Comella, C. (eds) Hyperkinetic Movement Disorders. Current Clinical Neurology. Humana Press, Totowa, NJ. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-60327-120-2_3

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-60327-120-2_3

  • Publisher Name: Humana Press, Totowa, NJ

  • Print ISBN: 978-1-58829-805-8

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