Abstract
Tissue resistance to insulin is a clinically significant phenomenon that predisposes an individual to numerous health risks beyond the well-established role it plays in the pathogenesis of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2D). Quantification of whole-body insulin resistance in humans typically involves determining the ability of insulin to stimulate glucose uptake into muscle. The hyperinsulinemic, euglycemic clamp procedure provides a measurement of muscle insulin sensitivity, as this tissue accounts for 75% of glucose disposal under these conditions (1). The decrement in glucose disposal in an insulin-resistant state such as obesity is entirely due to reduced muscle glucose uptake (1). However, insulin resistance can occur in any insulin target tissue, and will produce a phenotype distinct for the biological characteristics of that tissue (2).
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Youngren, J.F. (2008). Insulin Resistance and Inhibitors of the Insulin Receptor Tyrosine Kinase. In: Hansen, B.C., Bray, G.A. (eds) The Metabolic Syndrome. Contemporary Endocrinology. Humana Press. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-60327-116-5_15
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