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The Molecular Basis of Human Cancer pp 307–322Cite as

Hormonal Carcinogenesis: The Role of Estrogens

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Abstract

This chapter focuses on the role of estrogens and their roles in cancer with an emphasis on prostate biology. It is now apparent that estrogens, both those synthesized by the body and those from our environment, target estrogen-responsive tissues at all stages of development and maturation. Little is known about the mechanisms involved in estrogen stimulation of carcinogenesis and less is known about how to prevent or treat cancer through estrogenic pathways. To better understand how estrogens mediate their carcinogenic effects, the respective roles of estrogen receptor alpha (ER-α) and estrogen receptor beta (ER-β) must be elucidated in the epithelial and stromal cells that constitute each tissue. Lastly, the significance of estrogen receptor (ER) signaling during various ontogenic periods must be determined. Answers to these questions will further our understanding of the mechanisms of estrogen/ER signaling and will serve as a basis for chemo-preventive and/or chemo-therapeutic strategies for estrogen-induced cancers.

Keywords

  • Estrogen
  • Prostate
  • Stromal-epithelial interactions
  • Breast
  • Paracrine

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Urology, University of Wisconsin Carbone Cancer Center, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI, 53705, USA

    William A. Ricke Ph.D. & Jalissa Wynder Ph.D.

  2. Department of Environmental Health, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH, 45219, USA

    Karin Williams Ph.D.

  3. Division of Urologic Oncology, University of Michigan Health System, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109, USA

    Ganesh Palapattu M.D.

  4. Department of Cancer Endocrinology, BC Cancer Agency, Vancouver, BC, Canada

    Yuzhuo Wang Ph.D.

  5. Department Urology, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, 94143, USA

    Gerald R. Cunha Ph.D.

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  1. Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Curriculum in Toxicology, UNC Program in Translational Medicine, UNC Lineberger Comprehensive Center, University of North Carolina School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA

    William B. Coleman

  2. Laboratory for Clinical Genomics and Advanced Technology (CGAT), Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Dartmouth-Hitchcock Medical Center, Norris Cotton Cancer Center, Geisel School of Medicine at Dartmouth, Lebanon, Hanover, New Hampshire, USA

    Gregory J. Tsongalis

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Ricke, W.A., Williams, K., Wynder, J., Palapattu, G., Wang, Y., Cunha, G.R. (2017). Hormonal Carcinogenesis: The Role of Estrogens. In: Coleman, W., Tsongalis, G. (eds) The Molecular Basis of Human Cancer. Humana Press, New York, NY. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-59745-458-2_20

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