Skip to main content
SpringerLink
Log in

Urological Applications of Botulinum Toxin

  • Chapter
Female Urology

Part of the book series: Current Clinical Urology ((CCU))

  • 1366 Accesses

Abstract

Botulinum toxin is a neurotoxin produced by the Gram-positive, rod-shaped anaerobic bacterium Clostridium botulinum (1). First discovered in 1897 by Professor Pierre Emile van Ermengem of Ellezelles, Belgium botulinum toxin is the most poisonous naturally occurring toxin known to man (2). Seven immunologically distinct antigenic subtypes of botulinum toxin have been isolated: A, B, C1, D, E, F, and G (1). Only types A and B are available for use clinically. Botulinum type A toxin (BTX-A), known as Botox® in the United States and Dysport® in the United Kingdom, is more potent and has a longer duration of action than type B (1,2). Type B is commercially available in the United States as MyoBloc® and in Europe as NeuroBloc® (2).

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this chapter

Log in via an institution
Chapter
USD 29.95
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
eBook
USD 169.00
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
Hardcover Book
USD 219.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Durable hardcover edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info

Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout

Purchases are for personal use only

Institutional subscriptions

Preview

Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.

Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.

References

  1. Leippold T, Reitz A, Schurch B. Botulinum toxin as a new therapy option for voiding disorders: current state of the art. Eur Urol 2003;44:165.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  2. Sahai A, Khan M, Fowler CJ, et al. Botulinum toxin for the treatment of lower urinary tract symptoms: a review. Neurourol Urodyn, 2005;24:2.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  3. Frenkl TL, Rackley RR. Injectable neuromodulatory agents: botulinum toxin therapy. Urol Clin North Am 2005;32:89.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  4. Schurch B, Stohrer M, Kramer G, et al. Botulinum-A toxin for treating detrusor hyperreflexia in spinal cord injured patients: a new alternative to anticholinergic drugs? Preliminary results. J Urol 2000;164:692.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  5. Reitz A, Stohrer M, Kramer G, et al. European experience of 200 cases treated with botulinum-A toxin injections into the detrusor muscle for urinary incontinence to neurogenic detrusor overactivity. Eur Urol 2004;45:510.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  6. Schurch B, deSeze M, Denys P, et al. Botox Detrusor Hyperreflexia Study Team. Botulinum toxin type a is a safe and effective treatment for neurogenic urinary incontinence: results of a single treatment, randomized, placebo controlled 6-month study. J Urol 2005;174:196–200.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  7. Grosse J, Kramer G, Stohrer M. Success of repeat detrusor injections of botulinum A toxin in patients with severe neurogenic detrusor overactivity and incontinence. Eur Urol 2005;47:653.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  8. Dykstra D, Enriquez A, Valley M. Treatment of overactive bladder with botulinum toxin type B: a pilot study. Int Urogynecol J Pelvic Floor Dysfunct 2003;14:424.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  9. Rapp DE, Lucioni A, Katz EE, et al. Use of botulinum-A toxin for the treatment of refractory overactive bladder symptoms: an initial experience. Urology 2004;63:1071.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  10. Rajkumar GN, Small DR, Mustafa AW, et al. A prospective study to evaluate the safety, tolerability, efficacy and durability of response of intravesical injection of botulinum toxin type A into detrusor muscle in patients with refractory idiopathic detrusor overactivity. BJU Int 2005;96:848.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  11. Popat R, Apostolidis A, Kalsi V, et al. A comparison between the response of patients with idiopathic detrusor overactivity and neurogenic detrusor overactivity to the first intradetrusor injection of botulinum-A toxin. J Urol 2005;174:984.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  12. Schurch B, Corcos J. Botulinum toxin injections for paediatric incontinence. Curr Opin Urol 2005;15:264.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  13. Schulte-Baukloh H, Michael T, Sturzebecher B, et al. Botulinum-a toxin detrusor injection as a novel approach in the treatment of bladder spasticity in children with neurogenic bladder. Eur Urol 2003;44:139.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  14. Riccabona M, Koen M, Schindler M, et al. Botulinum-A toxin injection into the detrusor: a safe alternative in the treatment of children with myelomeningocele with detrusor hyperreflexia. J Urol 2004; 171:845.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  15. Schulte-Baukloh H, Knispel HH, Stolze T, et al. Repeated botulinum-A toxin injections in treatment of children with neurogenic detrusor overactivity. Urology 2005;66:865.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  16. Schulte-Baukloh H, Michael T, Sturzebecher B, Knispel HH. Botulinum-a toxin detrusor injection as a novel approach in the treatment of bladder spasticity in children with neurogenic bladder. Eur Urol 2003;44:139–143.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  17. Dykstra DD, Sidi AA, Scott AB, et al. Effects of botulinum A toxin on detrusor-sphincter dyssynergia in spinal cord injury patients. J Urol 1988;139:919.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  18. Schurch B, Hauri D, Rodic B, et al. Botulinum-A toxin as a treatment of detrusor-sphincter dyssynergia: a prospective study in 24 spinal cord injury patients. J Urol 1996;155:1023.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  19. deSeze M, Petit H, Gallien P, et al. Botulinum a toxin and detrusor sphincter dyssynergia: a double blind lidocaine-controlled study in 13 patients with spinal cord disease. Eur Urol 2002;42:56.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  20. Phelan MW, Franks M, Somogyi GT, et al. Botulinum toxin urethral sphincter injection to restore bladder emptying in men and women with voiding dysfunction. J Urol 2001;165:1107.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  21. Kuo HC. Botulinum A toxin urethral injection for the treatment of lower urinary tract dysfunction. J Urol 2003;170:1908.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  22. Smith CP, Vemulakonda VM, Kiss S, et al. Enhanced ATP release from rat bladder urothelium during chronic bladder inflammation: effect of botulinum toxin A. Neurochem Int 2005;47:291.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  23. Chuang YC, Yoshimura N, Huang CC, et al. Intravesical botulinum toxin a administration produces analgesia against acetic acid induced bladder pain responses in rats. J Urol 2004;172:1529.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  24. Zermann D, Ishigooka M, Schubert J, et al. Perisphincteric injection of botulinum toxin type A. A treatment option for patients with chronic prostatic pain? Eur Urol 2000;38:393.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  25. Jarvis SK, Abbott JA, Lenart MB, et al. Pilot study of botulinum toxin type A in the treatment of chronic pelvic pain associated with spasm of the levator ani muscles. Aust N Z J Obstet Gynaecol 2004;44:46.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  26. Smith CP, Radziszewski P, Borkowski A, et al. Botulinum toxin a has antinociceptive effects in treating interstitial cystitis. Urology 2004;64:871.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Female Pelvic Medicine and Reconstructive Surgery, The Glickman Urological Institute, The Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH

    Courtenay K. Moore MD

  2. Section of Voiding Dysfunction and Female Urology, The Glickman Urological Institute, The Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH

    Howard B. Goldman MD

  3. Department of Urology and Reproductive Biology, CASE School of Medicine, Cleveland, OH

    Howard B. Goldman MD

Authors
  1. Courtenay K. Moore MD
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  2. Howard B. Goldman MD
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

  1. Section of Female Urology and Voiding Dysfunction The Glickman Urological Institute, The Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio

    Howard B. Goldman MD  & Sandip P. Vasavada MD  & 

  2. Department of Urology and Reproductive Biology, CASE School of Medicine, Cleveland, Ohio

    Howard B. Goldman MD

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

Copyright information

© 2007 Humana Press Inc., Totowa, NJ

About this chapter

Cite this chapter

Moore, C.K., Goldman, H.B. (2007). Urological Applications of Botulinum Toxin. In: Goldman, H.B., Vasavada, S.P. (eds) Female Urology. Current Clinical Urology. Humana Press. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-59745-368-4_14

Download citation

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-59745-368-4_14

  • Publisher Name: Humana Press

  • Print ISBN: 978-1-58829-701-3

  • Online ISBN: 978-1-59745-368-4

  • eBook Packages: MedicineMedicine (R0)

Publish with us

Policies and ethics

Search

Navigation