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The Medical Basis of Psychiatry pp 161–180Cite as

Obsessive–Compulsive Disorder

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Abstract

Obsessive–compulsive disorder (OCD) is the fourth most common neuropsychiatric disorder, with lifetime prevalence estimates of 0.4 to 3.5%. Family and twin studies suggest a strong genetic component, and molecular genetic studies are being carried out to identify genes contributing risk to OCD. OCD is postulated as a frontal–striatal disorder, and functional neuroimaging studies provide a strong support for the dysfunction of the cortico–striatal–thalamic–cortical neurocircuit. OCD can be secondary to a variety of medical conditions, which range from deteriorative neurological illness, to head injury, and to autoimmune disorders. Few reports and no controlled studies exist in the treatment of acquired/secondary OCD. Both cognitive–behavioral therapy (CBT) and pharmacotherapy are effective first-line treatment modalities for OCD. Brain stimulation and/or psychosurgery have been tried with varying success in treatment of refractory OCD. Environmental, genetic, and clinical factors interact in a complex fashion in the individual patient. This chapter examines OCD from the medical perspective.

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Authors
  1. Tanya K. Murphy MD
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  2. Sarah Frazier MD
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  3. Soo-Jeong Kim MD
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Editors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Psychiatry, University of Minnesota Medical School Medicine, 420 Delaware Street, SE Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA

    S. Hossein Fatemi PhD

  2. American Foundation for Suicide Prevention, 120 Wall Street, New York, NY 10005, USA

    Paula J. Clayton MD (Medical Director) (Medical Director)

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Murphy, T.K., Frazier, S., Kim, SJ. (2008). Obsessive–Compulsive Disorder. In: Fatemi, S.H., Clayton, P.J. (eds) The Medical Basis of Psychiatry. Humana Press. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-59745-252-6_10

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-59745-252-6_10

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