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Musculoskeletal Tissue Regeneration pp 153–181Cite as

Bioactive Bioceramics

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Part of the book series: Orthopedic Biology and Medicine ((OBM))

Abstract

Bioactive bioceramics as alternative to autografts and allografts include: bioactive glass, calcium carbonate (natural coral), calcium sulfate and calcium phosphates of biologic (derived from bovine bone, coral and marine algae) or synthetic origin. These bioceramics are available as granules or blocks (dense or porous), specially designed shapes (wedges, cylinders), cements or as coatings on orthopedic or dental implants. Properties of bone that are emulated by bioceramics include: interconnecting porosity, degradation and osteoconductivity. Osteoinductivity is introduced by mixing the bioceramics with osteogenic molecules (e.g., growth factors, demineralized bone matrix). Some calcium phosphate-based bioceramics were observed to have osteoinductive properties attributed to yet-to-be-defi ned critical geometry. Difference in composition and syntheses or processing methods affect the properties of the bioceramics. Applications of these bioceramics are described. The applications are limited to non-load bearing areas because of the poor mechanical strengths of these bioceramics. In addition to their application as bone graft substitutes or autograft extenders, some of these bioceramics are effi cient carriers for growth factors or drugs, and as scaffolds for tissue engineering.

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Acknowledgments

It is a pleasure to acknowledge the professional collaboration of the following colleagues for some of the work cited in this chapter: Drs. R. Rohanizadeh, D. Mijares, S. Lin, and Prof. C. Teixeira (New York University College of Dentistry); Prof. T Sakae (Nihon University School of Dentistry at Matsudo), Dr. T. Ookubo (Japan Institute for Advanced Dentistry, Nagasaki), Prof. A. Gatti (University of Modena, Italy), Prof. R. Kijkowka (Technological University of Krakow) and the technical assistance of Ms. F. Yao and Ms. Q. Xi in the preparation of some of the figures for this chapter. The support of research grants from NIDCR/NIH, Calcium Phosphate Research Funds and L. Linkow Professorship Research Funds for some of our work cited in this chapter is gratefully acknowledged.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Calcium Phosphate Research Laboratory, Department of Biomaterials & Biomimetics, New York University College of Dentistry, New York, NY, USA

    Racquel Z. LeGeros & John P. LeGeros

  2. INSERM, Universite de Nantes, Nantes, France

    Guy Daculsi (Faculte de Chirurgie Dentaire)

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  1. Racquel Z. LeGeros
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  1. Department of Bioengineering, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA

    William S. Pietrzak Ph.D.

  2. Biomet, Inc., Warsaw, IN, USA

    William S. Pietrzak Ph.D.

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LeGeros, R.Z., Daculsi, G., LeGeros, J.P. (2008). Bioactive Bioceramics. In: Pietrzak, W.S. (eds) Musculoskeletal Tissue Regeneration. Orthopedic Biology and Medicine. Humana Press. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-59745-239-7_8

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