Skip to main content
SpringerLink
Log in

Cardiac Arrest

  • Chapter
Cardiac Drug Therapy

Part of the book series: Contemporary Cardiology ((CONCARD))

  • 1136 Accesses

Abstract

Approximately a quarter million individuals die suddenly from cardiac arrest (C A) in the United States each year before they reach a hospital (1). It is relevant that approx 50% of patients with ventricular fibrillation (VF) survive cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) versus amplt;10% for other rhythms, represented by asystole and pulseless electrical activity (PEA). The incidence of VF in most surveys of C A is approx 50%. Thus immediate defibrillation remains the mainstay of therapy for C A, and this concept is endorsed by the American Heart Association (AHA) 2005 guidelines (2–4).

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this chapter

Log in via an institution
Chapter
USD 29.95
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
eBook
USD 189.00
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever

Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout

Purchases are for personal use only

Institutional subscriptions

Preview

Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.

Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.

References

  1. Cobb LA, Fahrenbruch CE, Olsufka M, Copass MK. Changing incidence of out-of-hospital ventricular fibrillation, 1980–2000. JAMA 2002;288:3008–3013.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  2. The AHA guidelines (Circulation 2005; 112:IV-206-IV-211). International Liaison Committee on Resuscitation. 2005 International Consensus on Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation and Emergency Cardiovascular Care Science with Treatment Recommendations. Circulation 2005;l12:111-1–111-136.

    Google Scholar 

  3. Zaritsky A, Morley P. 2005 American Heart Association Guidelines for Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation and Emergency Cardiovascular Care. Editorial: The evidence evaluation process for the 2005 International Consensus on Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation and Emergency Cardiovascular Care Science With Treatment Recommendations. Circulation 2005;l12:111-128–111-130.

    Google Scholar 

  4. Hazinski MF, Nadkarni VM, Hickey RW, O’Connor R, Becker LB, Zaritsky A. Major changes in the 2005 AHA Guidelines for CPR and ECC: Reaching the tipping point for change. Circulation 2005; 112: IV-206–IV-211.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  5. Klock W, Cummins RO, Chamberlain D, et al. An advisory statement from the Advanced Life Support Working Group of the Internal Liaison Committee on Resuscitation: The universal advanced life support algorithm. Circulation 1997;95:2180.

    Google Scholar 

  6. Guidelines 2000 for Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation and Emergency Cardiovascular Care. The AHA in collaboration with the International Liaison Committee on Resuscitation. Circulation 2000; 102(Suppl): 1–142.

    Google Scholar 

  7. Kerber RE. Statement on early defibrillation from the Emergency Cardiac Care Committee, American Heart Association. Circulation 1991;83:2233.

    Google Scholar 

  8. Nichol G, Hallstrom AP, Kerber R, et al. American Heart Association Report on the Second Public Access Defibrillation Conference, April 17–19, 1997. Circulation 1998;97:1309.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  9. White RD, Blackwell TH, Russell JK, Snyder DE, Jorgenson DB. Transthoracic impedance does not affect defibrillation, resuscitation or survival in patients with out-of-hospital cardiac arrest treated with a non-escalating biphasic waveform defibrillator. Resuscitation 2005;64:63.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  10. Morrison LJ, Dorian P, Long J, et al. Out-of-hospital cardiac arrest rectilinear biphasic to monophasic damped sine defibrillation waveforms with advanced life support intervention trial (ORBIT). Resuscitation 2005;66:149–157.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  11. Davies MJ. Anatomic features in victims of sudden coronary death; coronary artery pathology. Circulation 1992;85(Suppl 1):1.

    Google Scholar 

  12. Spaulading CM, Joly LM, Rosenberg A, et al. Immediate coronary angiography in survivors of out-ofhospital cardiac arrest. N Engl J Med 1997;336:1629.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  13. Moron BJ. The young competitive athlete with heart disease. Cardiol Rev 1997;5:220.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  14. Emergency Cardiac Care Committee and Subcommittees, American Heart Association. Guidelines for cardiopulmonary resuscitation and emergency cardiac care. JAMA 1992;268:2171.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  15. Caldwell G, Millar G, Quinn E, et al. Simple mechanical methods for cardioversion: Defence of the precordial thump and cough version. BMJ 1985;291:627.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  16. Eisenberg MS, Mengert T. Cardiac resuscitation. N Engl J Med 2001;44:1304.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  17. Aung K, Htay T. Vasopressin for cardiac arrest: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Arch Intern Med 2005;165:17–24.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  18. Kudenchuk PJ, Cobb LA, Copass MK, et al.. Amiodarone for resuscitation after out-of-hospital cardiac arrest due to ventricular fibrillation. N Engl J Med. 1999;341:871–878.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  19. Dorian P, Cass D, Schwartz B, Cooper R, Gelaznikas R, Barr A. Amiodarone as compared with lidocaine for shock-resistant ventricular fibrillation. N Engl J Med. 2002;346:884–890.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  20. Sloman G, Robinson JS, McLean K. Propranolol (Inderal) in persistent ventricular fibrillation. BMJ 1965; 1:895.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  21. Rothfeld EL, Lipowitz M, Zucker IR, et al. Management of persistently recurring ventricular fibrillation with propranolol hydrochloride. JAMA 1968;204:546.

    Google Scholar 

Suggested Reading

  • Angelos MG, Menegazzi JJ, Callaway CW. Bench to bedside: Resuscitation from prolonged ventricular fibrillation. Acad Emerg Med 2001;8:909–924.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Cooper JA, Cooper JD, Cooper JM. Cardiopulmonary resuscitation: history, current practice, and future direction. Circulation 2006; 114:2839–2849.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Ewy G. Cardiocerebral resuscitation: the new cardiopulmonary resuscitation. Circulation 2005;111:2134–2142.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Hallstrom A, Cobb L, Johnson E, Copass M. Cardiopulmonary resuscitation by chest compression alone or with mouth-to-mouth ventilation. N Engl J Med 2000;342:1546–1553.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Hazinski MF, Nadkarni VM, Hickey RW, O’Connor R, Becker LB, Zaritsky A. Major changes in the 2005 AHA Guidelines for CPR and ECC: Reaching the tipping point for change. Circulation 2005; 112:IV-206–IV-211.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • International Liaison Committee on Resuscitation. 2005 International Consensus on Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation and Emergency Cardiovascular Care Science with Treatment Recommendations. Circulation 2005; 112:111-1–111-136.

    Google Scholar 

  • Ornato JP, Peberdy MA. Measuring progress in resuscitation: it’s time for a better tool. Circulation 2006; 114: 2754–2756.

    Google Scholar 

  • SOS-KANTO study group. Cardiopulmonary resuscitation by bystanders with chest compression only (SOS-KANTO): an observational study. Lancet 2007;369:920–926.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Tang W, Snyder D, Wang J, et al. One shock versus three-shock defibrillation protocol significantly improves outcome in a porcine model of prolonged ventricular fibrillation cardiac arrest. Circulation 2006; 113: 2683–2689.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Weiss JN, Garfinkel A, Karagueuzian HS, Qu Z, Chen PS. Chaos and the transition to ventricular fibrillation: A new approach to antiarrhythmic evaluation. Circulation 1999;99:2819–2826.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Zaritsky A, Morley P. 2005 American Heart Association Guidelines for Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation and Emergency Cardiovascular Care. Editorial: The evidence evaluation process for the 2005 International Consensus on Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation and Emergency Cardiovascular Care Science with Treatment Recommendations. Circulation 2005; 112:III-l28–111-130.

    Google Scholar 

Download references

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

Copyright information

© 2007 Humana Press Inc., Totowa, NJ

About this chapter

Cite this chapter

(2007). Cardiac Arrest. In: Cardiac Drug Therapy. Contemporary Cardiology. Humana Press. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-59745-238-0_15

Download citation

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-59745-238-0_15

  • Publisher Name: Humana Press

  • Print ISBN: 978-1-58829-904-8

  • Online ISBN: 978-1-59745-238-0

  • eBook Packages: MedicineMedicine (R0)

Publish with us

Policies and ethics

Search

Navigation