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Hydrogen Sulfide Production and Metabolism in Mammalian Tissues

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Book cover Signal Transduction and the Gasotransmitters

Summary

Evidence for a physiological role for H2S rests primarily on observations that this compound is endogenously produced in specific mammalian tissues relevant to its proposed role as a neuromodulator and vasorelaxant. Multiple mammalian enzymes have the potential to catalyze the desulfuration of cysteine to form H2S including cystathionine β-synthase (CBS; EC 4.2.1.22), cystathionine γ-lyase (CSE; 4.4.1.1), cysteine aminotransferase (EC 2.6.1.3), mercaptopyruvate sulfurtransferase (MST; EC 2.8.1.2), rhodanese (thiosulfate: cyanide sulfurtransferase) (EC 2.8.1.1), and cysteine lyase (EC 4.2.1.10). Presently, there is insufficient knowledge regarding the H2S forming activities of cysteine lyase, MST, and rhodanese to assess their possible role in the physiological production of this compound. There is some evidence that CSE plays a role in mammalian H2S production, but a recent biochemical study of human CSE casts doubt on the ability of this enzyme to perform this function. The regulatory and catalytic characteristics of CBS share a striking number of common features with mammalian neuronal and endothelial nitric oxide synthases and thus appears to be eminently suited to the task of producing H2S as a cell messenger. Our current knowledge of human sulfur metabolism is insufficient to exclude the possibility of other enzymes playing a role in the synthesis of H2S.

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  1. Kenneth N. Maclean
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  2. Jan P. Kraus
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Editors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Physiology, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, SK, Canada

    Rui Wang MD, PhD, FAHA

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Maclean, K.N., Kraus, J.P. (2004). Hydrogen Sulfide Production and Metabolism in Mammalian Tissues. In: Wang, R. (eds) Signal Transduction and the Gasotransmitters. Humana Press, Totowa, NJ. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-59259-806-9_16

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