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Prostate Cancer Markers

From Discovery to the Clinic

  • Chapter
Cancer Diagnostics

Part of the book series: Contemporary Cancer Research ((CCR))

Abstract

In 1936 prostatic acid phosphatase (PAP) became the key serum marker for monitoring prostate cancer (PCa) treatment (1–3). Approximately 50 yr later, prostate-specific antigen (PSA) emerged as the most useful serum marker for PCa management followed a few years later by the watershed application for early detection. In spite of the many tumor marker candidates proposed and studied for over 50 yr, these two prostate proteins remained the most clinically requested PCa serum tests (Table 1). With the accumulation of human genome sequence knowledge and extraordinary methodological advances in gene arrays and proteomics, new PCa molecular tests appear to be on the horizon. Although the biological rationale for a marker’s function may not be known when research is initiated, marker candidates with biological basis for their function, will likely be the most useful. Therefore, the biological function of a marker is an important factor to consider when assessing the potential of new markers. Table 2 and Fig. 1 illustrate PCa markers catagorized by biological activity. What are the clinical utilities and deficiencies for PSA today and what are the features of PAP and PSA, which contribute to the long standing utility of these markers? These properties will be important when assessing the potential of new markers for PCa.

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Authors
  1. Judith A. Finlay
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  2. Stephen D. Mikolajczyk
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  3. Thomas M. Pribyl
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  4. R. Bruce Wallace
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  5. Harry G. Rittenhouse
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Editors and Affiliations

  1. Scripps Clinic, La Jolla, CA, USA

    Robert M. Nakamura MD

  2. UCLA School of Medicine, Los Angeles, CA, USA

    Wayne W. Grody MD, PhD

  3. ARUP Labs, Salt Lake City, UT, USA

    James T. Wu PhD

  4. Arizona Cancer Center, Tucson, AZ, USA

    Raymond B. Nagle MD, PhD

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Finlay, J.A., Mikolajczyk, S.D., Pribyl, T.M., Wallace, R.B., Rittenhouse, H.G. (2004). Prostate Cancer Markers. In: Nakamura, R.M., Grody, W.W., Wu, J.T., Nagle, R.B. (eds) Cancer Diagnostics. Contemporary Cancer Research. Humana Press, Totowa, NJ. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-59259-791-8_7

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-59259-791-8_7

  • Publisher Name: Humana Press, Totowa, NJ

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