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The Skeleton pp 147–157Cite as

Retinoid Signaling and Skeletal Development

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Abstract

Interest in the role of retinoid signaling during skeletal development was generated as early as the 1930s, when studies revealed the effects of vitamin A on fetal development. Both hyper- and hypovitaminosis A in mothers resulted in offspring with a wide range of severe malformations, with skeletal deformities being particularly dramatic. Since those initial studies, retinoic acid (RA) was found to be a much more potent teratogen than vitamin A (1). An important role for retinoid signaling in many stages of skeletogenesis has been revealed, including the early stages of cartilage formation through to the formation and remodeling of bone. RA inhibits chondrocyte differentiation in vivo and in vitro (for review, see ref. 2), whereas it appears to stimulate chondrocyte hypertrophy. These effects on chondrogenesis correlate with changes in expression of many cartilage-specific genes. RA, therefore, is important at multiple stages during skeletogenesis.

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  1. Andrea D. Weston
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  2. T. Michael Underhill
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  1. Developmental Biology Branch, Reproductive Toxicology Division, The National Health and Environmental Effects Research Laboratory, Office of Research Development, United States Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, NC, USA

    Edward J. Massaro  & John M. Rogers  & 

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Weston, A.D., Underhill, T.M. (2004). Retinoid Signaling and Skeletal Development. In: Massaro, E.J., Rogers, J.M. (eds) The Skeleton. Humana Press, Totowa, NJ. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-59259-736-9_10

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-59259-736-9_10

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