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The Medical Use of Marihuana and THC in Perspective

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Marihuana and Medicine

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Abstract

The curative properties attributed to marihuana for several thousand years have proved to be disappointing. The ancient oriental claims of marihuana as a pain soother and for the relief of muscle spasms, convulsions, rheumatism, epilepsy and migraine headaches were introduced into western medicine during the 19th century. The reason for the lack of success with marihuana remedies at that time was the same as the present observations encountered with THC and all of its novel applications: the variability and inconsistency of its effects associated with unwanted psychological and cardiovascular effects. The discovery of THC, the active ingredient of marihuana gave a new impetus for an intensive search for its potential therapeutic applications. THC and its psychoactive derivatives were proposed as analgesic, antidepressant, hypnotic tranquilizer, as a treatment for withdrawal symptoms, glaucoma, spasticity, nausea, vomiting, and to enhance the appetite. Marihuana smoke, in spite of its toxicity to the lung and immune system, was even advocated by some as a medically acceptable vehicle for THC. For many of these therapeutic applications, molecular pharmacologists have been able to tailor specific molecules targeted to receptor sites which control acute and inflammatory pain, nausea, vomiting, and glaucoma. These fundamental studies in molecular pharmacology have also provided for an explanation of the therapeutic inadequacy of THC. This cannabinoid deregulates the physiological signaling role of a receptor protein to which it binds and of the membrane bilipid layer which it permeates. This deregulation of membrane signaling will result in discordant and partial therapeutic effects coupled with unwanted side effects.

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  1. Nicholas Pace
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  2. Henry Clay Frick
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  3. Kenneth Sutin
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Editors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Anesthesiology, New York University School of Medicine, USA

    Gabriel G. Nahas MD, PhD, DSc  & Kenneth M. Sutin MD, MS  & 

  2. Department of Biochemistry, Oxford University, USA

    David Harvey PhD

  3. Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Uppsala, Sweden

    Stig Agurell PhD, PharmD, DSc

  4. NYU School of Medicine, USA

    Nicholas Pace MD  & Robert Cancro MD  & 

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Pace, N., Frick, H.C., Sutin, K., Manger, W., Hyman, G., Nahas, G. (1999). The Medical Use of Marihuana and THC in Perspective. In: Nahas, G.G., Sutin, K.M., Harvey, D., Agurell, S., Pace, N., Cancro, R. (eds) Marihuana and Medicine. Humana Press, Totowa, NJ. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-59259-710-9_77

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